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Objective:To investigate the effects of Dexmedetomidine on postoperative pain and stress response in elderly patients undergoing laparoscopic colorectal cancer surgery.Methods:A total of 150 elderly patients who had undergone laparoscopic radical resection of colorectal cancer in our hospital from June 2019 to December 2020 were divided into two groups using the random number table method, the control group(n=75)and the study group(n=75). In the study group, Dexmedetomidine 0.5 μg/kg was injected intravenously over 10 min before induction of anesthesia and maintained at 0.5 μg/kg/h until 30 min before the end of surgery.Changes in heart rate, mean arterial pressure, postoperative pain and stress response index scores were compared between the two groups.Results:The MAP and HR in the study group at T1(10 min after administration), T2(immediately after endotracheal intubation), T3(30 min after pneumoperitoneum)and T4(leaving the operating room)were significantly lower than in the control group( P<0.05); The concentrations of norepinephrine and epinephrine in the study group were lower than those in the control group at T2, T3 and T4(all P<0.05); Pain scores of patients in the study group were lower than those in the control group at T4 and T5( P<0.05); Compared with the control group, the study group used less intraoperative Sufentanil[(65.5±7.0)μg vs.(76.2±7.6)μg, t=8.968, P=0.000], needed a lower number of PCIA compressions 24 h after surgery[(6.3±2.3) vs.(9.5±3.0), t=7.331, P=0.000]and had a shorter length of PACU stay[(23.4±4.0)min vs.(30.2±5.7)min, t=8.457, P=0.000]. Conclusions:Dexmedetomidine used in laparoscopic colorectal cancer surgery in elderly patients can reduce the use of sufentanil and the length of PACU stay time, improve postoperative pain scores and reduce stress response, and therefore should be recommended.
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Objective:To investigate the effects of Esmketamine pretreatment on postoperative pain, circulatory and respiratory function and inflammatory factors in elderly patients undergoing brachial plexus block.Methods:A total of 98 patients with rotator cuff injuries admitted to our hospital from December 2019 to December 2020 were prospectively divided into the control group and the Esmketamine pretreatment group, with 49 cases in each group.The Esmketamine pretreatment group was given 0.5 mg/kg of Esmketamine intravenously, and the control group was given the same amount of normal saline intravenously.General data, postoperative pain, circulatory and respiratory function, postoperative inflammatory factor levels and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.Results:Intraoperative Ramsay sedation scores(RSS)at 30 min, 60 min and 90 min had no significant difference between the Esmketamine pretreatment group and the control group(all P>0.05). Visual analogue scale(VAS)scores at 12 h and 24 h after surgery were lower in the Esmketamine pretreatment group than in the control group(all P<0.05). The VAS scores showed differences between the two groups at different time points(all P<0.05)and there were also signs of interaction effects.The mean arterial pressure(MAP), heart rate(HR), oxyhaemoglobin saturation by pulse oximetry(SpO 2)and respiratory rate(RR)at T1, T2 and T3 were lower in the ESM-ketamine pretreatment group than in the control group(all P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the Esmketamine pretreatment group had lower levels of interleukin-6(IL-6)[(198.74±21.50)mmol/L vs.(272.69±19.74)mmol/L, t=17.537, P<0.001], C-reactive protein(CRP)[(11.65±2.51)mg/L vs.(15.79±3.27)mg/L, t=7.972, P<0.001], tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)(25.71±10.27 ng/L vs.34.65±9.81 ng/L, t=10.113, P<0.001), β-endorphin[(1.69±0.27)ng/L vs.(2.18±0.35)ng/L, t=8.815, P<0.001]and neuron-specific enolase(NSE)[(8.48±0.93)ng/L vs.(13.57±1.89)ng/L, t=9.846, P<0.001]at 24 h after surgery.The total incidence of adverse reactions was also lower in the ESM-ketamine pretreatment group than in the control group(16.3% vs.8.2%, χ2=3.129, P=0.047). Conclusions:Esmketamine pretreatment in brachial plexus block can provide good analgesic effects, has limited impact on circulatory and respiratory function, and can effectively reduce the levels of inflammation and adverse reactions in elderly patients.
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Microwave thermal ablation technology is widely used in the treatment of liver tumors because of its minimal invasiveness and small side effects. The precise control of the thermal dose largely determines the therapeutic effect of microwave thermal ablation. However, the current magnetron-based microwave thermal ablation device has the disadvantages of poor power output stability and high operating voltage. In view of the above problems, this paper selected the microwave solid-state source as the core device of microwave output, and designed a dual-frequency microwave thermal ablation system based on 2 450 MHz and 433 MHz. The system used the power detection circuit to perform PID feedback control on the actual output power of the system. The experimental results show that the maximum output power of the system is less than 1 W. The PID algorithm further enhances the accuracy and stability of the system output power while improving the system security. The dual-frequency microwave thermal ablation system designed in this paper can provide a safe and reliable experimental platform for subsequent research.
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Humans , Catheter Ablation , Liver Neoplasms , Therapeutics , Microwaves , Radiofrequency AblationABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To compare the differences in the clinical therapeutic effects on chronic non-specific low back pain (CNLBP) between the combined treatment of the superficial needling technique and mild moxibustion and the traditional warm acupuncture.@*METHODS@#A total of 60 patients were randomized into a combined treatment group and a warm acupuncture group, 30 cases in each one. In the combined treatment group, the superficial needling technique was used in combination with the mild moxibustion with moxa box at the muscle region of the bladder meridian on the back. In the warm acupuncture group, the traditional warm acupuncture was adopted on the lumbar region and the upper back. Each treatment lasted 30 min, 3 times a week. The treatment was provided continuously for 3 weeks. The follow-up visit lasted 3 months. Separately, before, 3 times after treatment and at the end of treatment, as well as after the follow-up visit, the visual analogue scale (VAS), the range of motion of the lumbar region (ROM) and the Oswestry disability index (ODI) were observed in the patients of the two groups.@*RESULTS@#During and at the end of treatment, as well as at the follow-up visit, VAS score, ROM and ODI were all improved as compared with those before treatment in the two groups (all <0.05). The results in the combined treatment group were better than those in the warm acupuncture (all <0.05). At the end of treatment and the follow-up stage, VAS score, ROM and ODI were better than those during treatment in the two groups (all <0.05). At the follow-up stage, VAS score, ROM of the backward extension and rotation of spine, as well as ODI were better than those at the end of treatment in the two groups (all <0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#The combined treatment of the superficial needling technique and mild moxibustion relieves pain, improves the ROM of the lumbar region and reduces the functional disability in CNLBP. This combined therapy achieves the better effects as compared with the traditional warm acupuncture and is high in the patient's compliance.
Subject(s)
Humans , Acupuncture Points , Acupuncture Therapy , Chronic Pain , Therapeutics , Low Back Pain , Therapeutics , Moxibustion , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the effects between acupoint embedding and oral medication for female functional constipation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Fifty-six female patients were randomized into an embedding group and a medication group (1:1).There were 22 cases in the embedding group and 26 cases in the medication group with total 8 patients dropped out. The main embedding acupoints were Zhongwan (CV 12), bilateral Tianshu (ST 25) and Guanyuan (CV 4), combined with Xiawan (CV 10), Huaroumen (ST 24), Wailing (ST 26), Zhigou (TE 6) and Shangjuxu (ST 37). It was given once a week. Oral lactulose was applied in the medication group, 3 times a day. The treatment cycle was 8 weeks. The primary outcome was the percentage of patients whose weekly average number of complete spontaneous bowel movement (CSBM) was increased ≥ 2 compared with baseline during the last 6 weeks in the treatment period. The secondary efficacy indices were compared before and after treatment as well as at follow-up at the 12th week, including the weekly average number and increased number of CSBM, the quality of life of patients with constipation (PAC-QOL), the Bristol stool character score, and the assessment of difficulty in defecation.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The percentage of patients whose weekly average number of CSBMs were increased ≥ 2 in the embedding group significantly increased compared with that in the medication group (<0.05). The weekly average number of CSBM in the two groups increased after treatment compared with those before treatment (both<0.01); the score of Bristol stool character improved (both<0.01); the scores of PAC-QOL and difficulty in defecation decreased (all<0.01). The increasing time of weekly average CSBM in the embedding group was higher than that in the medication group (<0.01); the score of PAC-QOL in the embedding group after treatment was better than that in the medication group (<0.01); the Bristol stool character and difficulty degree in the embedding group after treatment were superior to those in the medication group (both<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The acupoint embedding significantly improve the CSMB, Bristol stool character, the difficulty of defecation, and the quality of life for female patients with functional constipation.</p>
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[ ABSTRACT] AIM:To investigate the relationship between morphological changes of autophagy and apoptosis in the PC12 cells induced by oxygen-glucose deprivation and reoxygenation .METHODS:The PC12 cells were randomly di-vided into normal control group , oxygen-glucose deprivation and reoxygenation group , autophagy inhibitor group and auto-phagy activator group .The cells in oxygen-glucose deprivation and reoxygenation group , autophagy inhibitor group and au-tophagy activator group were exposed to reoxygenation (12 h) after 3 h of oxygen-glucose deprivation, and autophagy inhib-itor 3-methyladenine and autophagy activator rapamycin were added into the cells at the same time .Using transmission elec-tron microscope and monodansylcadaverine fluorescence staining , the morphological changes of autophagosome were ob-served.The apoptosis of the PC12 cells were analyzed by flow cytometry with Annexin V-FITC/PI staining and TUNEL method.RESULTS: Compared with normal control group , the numbers of autophagosomes and the apoptotic rates in-creased in oxygen-glucose deprivation and reoxygenation group (P<0.05).Compared with oxygen-glucose deprivation and reoxygenation group , the numbers of autophagosomes decreased obviously ( P<0.05 ) and the apoptotic rates increased markedly in autophagy inhibitor group (P<0.05).The numbers of autophagosomes increased obviously (P<0.05), the apoptotic rates decreased markedly ( P<0.05 ) , the autophagosomes became bigger in size , and autolysosomes was also found in autophagy activator group .CONCLUSION: Oxygen-glucose deprivation and reoxygenation induce autophagy in PC12 cells, and autophagy inhibits cell apoptosis to play a protective role .
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Aim To investigate the effects of astragalo-side IV on apoptosis of PC12 cells inducedby hypoxia/hypoglycemia and reoxygenation. Metheds PC12 cells were randomly divided into 4 groups: normal control group,hypoxia/hypoglycemia and reoxygenation group, astragaloside Ⅳ group and vehicle group. Hypoxia/hy-poglycemia and reoxygenation group, astragaloside Ⅳgroup and vehiclegroup were exposed to reoxygenation (12 h) after 3 h of oxygen and glucose deprivation, and astragaloside Ⅳ was added into cells at the same time. Inverted microscope was used to observe the morphological changes ofPC12 cells and MTT method to detect the activities of PC12 cells, and Annexin V-FITC/PI assay and TUNEL staining were used to meas-ure the apoptosis of PC12 cells. Results Compared with normal control group, cells became round or swol-len and its cellula processes were retracted or disap-peared in hypoxia/hypoglycemia and reoxygenation group;a large number of apoptotic cells could also be observed,whose nucleus were shrinkaged, fragmented or deep-stained. The activities of hypoxia/hypoglycemia and reoxygenation group were decreased markedly than those in normalcontrol group(P0. 05 ) . Conclusion Astragaloside IV can reduce the damage of PC12 cells induced by hypoxia/hypoglycemia and reoxygenation, increase cell activity and inhibit cell apoptosis.
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Objective To explore the mechanism of therapeutic action of needle knife “regulating sinews and treating bones” on knee osteoarthritis (KOA) by observing the effect of needle knife intervention on KOA rabbit behaviors, mechanical characteristics of patellar ligament (PL), and expressions of interleukin-4 (IL-4), matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3) and aggrecan in knee cartilages.Methods Forty New Zealand rabbits were randomly allocated to blank, model, needle knife and electroacupuncture groups, 10 rabbits each. A rabbit model of KOA was made by the modified Videman method of immobilization in extension position. After model making, the needle knife and electroacupuncture groups received needle knife and electroacupuncture treatments, respectively. A behavioral assessment was made using the modified Lequesne MG knee grade evaluation method in every group after model making and treatment. The samples were taken after treatment. PL tension, stress relaxation and creep state were tested using a Bose Electro Force 3300 protracted test machine. Cartilage cell IL-4 expression was examined by ELISA. MMP-3 mRNA and aggrecan mRNA expressions were detected by real-time PCR.Results After model making, there was a statistically significant difference in the Lequesne MG score between the model and blank groups (P0.05). There was a statistically significant post-treatment difference in the Lequesne MG score between the needle knife or electroacupuncture group and the model group (P0.05).Conclusion The mechanism of action of needle knife treatment on KOA may be that it improves ligament mechanical characteristics, regulates intra-articular stress environment, and modulates aggrecan mRNA and MMP-3 mRNA expressions and inhibits cartilage degeneration through IL-4 mechanical signal pathway, to produce the therapeutic effect of “regulating sinews and treating bones”.
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Objective:To establish a method for the determination of asperosaponinⅥin Dieda Cuyu tablets by HPLC. Methods:A Hypersil C18(250 mm ×4.6 mm,5 μm)column was used. The mobile phase was acetonitrile-water(30∶70) with a flow rate of 1.0 ml·min-1 . The detection wavelength was 212 nm, the column temperature was room temperature,and the injection volume was 10μl. Results:AsperosaponinⅥ showed a good linear relationship within the range of 0. 04-0. 32 μg(r=0. 999 6). The average recovery was 97. 84%(RSD=1. 70%, n=6). Conclusion:The method is simple,accurate and reproducible, which can be used in the deter-mination of asperosaponinⅥ in Dieda Cuyu tablets.
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OBJECTIVE:To observe the clinical therapeutic effect of KLT combined with chemotherapy on late can?cers.METHODS:64patients with late cancers were assigned as observation group:receiving KLT+chemotherapy;47patients with late cancers were assigned as control group:receiving routine chemotherapy.RESULTS:In the observation group,the ef?fective rate was48.44%,body weight increase accounted for57.81%,KSP increased85.93%and relief from pain accounted for71.87%;In the control group:the effective rate was34.04%,body weight increase accounted for22.66%,KSD increased48.93%and relief from pain accounted for46.81%.The incidence of ARDs in observation group was obviouly lower than those in control group.CONCLUSION:KLT combined with chemotherapy can raise the therapeut effect on patients with late cancers and improve their life quality.