Physical fitness of preschool children in Kunshan city / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To investigate current status and associated factors of preschool children’s physical fitness, in order to provide scientific basis for improving preschool children’s physical fitness.@*Methods@#A total of 3 240 preschool children aged 3-6 years old in Kunshan city were selected through cluster sampling method. They were surveyed about physical fitness and influencing factors.@*Results@#The number of excellence of preschool children’s physical fitness was 269, and the rate was 8.30 percent. The excellence rates of preschool children’s physical fitness in girls, high grade, non-residency in Jiangsu Province were higher(10.87%, 10.96%, 14.88%), and the excellence rate of preschool children’s physical fitness in premature group was lower(4.31%)(P<0.05). Further unconditioned logistic regression analysis found that girls, middle and high grade and non-residency in Jiangsu Province were the protective factors for the excellence of preschool children’s physical fitness, OR values were 1.96, 1.94, 2.45 and 1.87, respectively; premature was a risk factor for the excellence of preschool children’s physical fitness, OR value was 0.47.@*Conclusion@#Preschool children in Kunshan have poor physical fitness, especially in boys, low grade and premature groups. Education department and health department should work together to improve the preschool children’s physical fitness.

Design, screening and antimicrobial activity of novel peptides against / 南方医科大学学报

OBJECTIVE@#To construct antimicrobial peptides with potent antimicrobial activity, low cytotoxicity and efficient killing rate of for prevention and treatment of dental caries.@*METHODS@#We exploited the existing design strategies to modify reutericin 6 or gassericin A produced by species in the oral cavity based on their cationicity, amphipathicity and -helical structure. We examined their antimicrobial activities using bacterial susceptibility assay, their cytotoxicity through cytotoxicity assay and their killing rate of with time-kill assay. We further evaluated the candidate derivatives for their killing rate against , their antimicrobial activity against different oral pathogens and the development of drug resistance.@*RESULTS@#We constructed 6 AT-1 derivatives, among which AT-7 showed an MIC of 3.3 μmol/L against , and with a killing rate of 88.7% against within 5 min. We did not obtain strains of resistant to AT- 7 after induction for 10 passages.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Hydrophobicity and imperfect amphipathic structure are two key parameters that define the antimicrobial potency of the antimicrobial peptides. The imperfectly amphipathic peptide AT-7 shows the potential for clinical application in dental caries treatment.

Effect of Hypoxia on Periodontitis and the Effect of MMP-2, BGP and Inflammatory Cytokines / 医学研究杂志

Objective To investigate the effects of hypoxia and periodontitis on matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2),osteocalcin (BGP) and inflammatory cytokines in periodontal tissues of rats.Methods We selected 48 healthy male SD rats.They were randomly divided into normal group (normal rats,normal oxygen periodontitis group (FED),to establish the animal model of periodontitis),hypoxia group (low pressure conditions,the combined group (FED) to establish the animal model of periodontitis + oxygen pressure) with 12 rats in each group.The rats were fed for 8 weeks in the corresponding conditions gingival index (GI),periodontal attachment loss (AL),the expression of MMP-2 anti BGP protein in periodontal tissue in the two groups was detected by Western blot assay.Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect interleukin-6 (IL-6),interleukin-18 (IL-18),tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha),interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) protein expression.Results The levels of GI,AL,IL-6,IL-18,TNF-α and IL-1β in periodontal tissues were significantly higher than those in normal group (P ＜ 0.05).The levels of GI,AL,IL-6,IL-18,TNF-α and IL-1β in the combined group were significantly higher than those in the periodontitis group and hypoxia group (P ＜0.05).The levels of MMP-2 protein in periodontal tissues of periodontitis group,hypoxia group and combined group were significantly higher than those in normal group (P ＜ 0.05).The expression of BGP protein in periodontal tissue of periodontitis group,hypoxia group and combined group (P ＜ 0.05).The levels of MMP-2 in the combined group were significantly higher than those in the periodontitis group and hypoxia group (P ＜0.05),and the level of BGP protein in the periodontal tissue of the combined group was significantly lower than that of the normal group Periodontitis group and hypoxia group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The expression of MMP-2 and inflammatory factor was increased in periodontal tissues of rats with periodontitis,and the expression of BGP was significantly decreased.The hypoxic condition could promote the aggravation of periodontitis.

Cloning of LASS1 Gene and Primary Study on The Association of Its Expression With Neuron Aging in Rat Cerebral Cortex / 生物化学与生物物理进展

LA G1 was identified as a gene that is differentially expressed during the yeast replicative life span and was shown to play a role in determining yeast longevity. The cDNA of rat LASS1, the mammalian homolog of yeast LA G1, was cloned from rat cerebral cortex and sequenced, which is different to the predicted sequence in the GenBank. Sequence analysis revealed that this cDNA clone contains an open reading frame of 1 053 bp. The deduced amino acid sequence has 350 residues and shares a predicted Laglp motif and a TLC domain conserved in Lag1 proteins. Total RNAs were isolated from rat cerebral cortices at varying ages: newborn, one month, six months, twelve months, and twenty-four months. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR and Northern blot analysis were performed to analyze the LASS1 expression level in rat cerebral cortex tissues at varying ages. Senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) activity was firstly used as a biomarker for assessing senescence in rat neurons. The results showed that LASS1 expression was upregulated from newborn to adult rats (1～6 month) and declined in aged cortex. SA-β-gal staining positive neurons significantly increased in the aged cerebral cortex. The age-related expression alternation of LASS1 in rat cerebral cortex provides an important clue in exploring the role of LASS1 in mammalian neuron aging.

Comparisons of hemodynamics in 1-way and 2-way CABG / 生物医学工程学杂志

For the purpose of improving the hemodynamics of CABG, the authors presented a new amelioration measurement of symmetric 2-way bypass graft. The physiological blood flow in 1-way and 2-way bypass graft of coronary is simulated with finite element method, and the data on computational hemodynamics of these two cases were compared. The temporal-spatial distributions of hemodynamics during the cardiac cycle such as flow patterns and wall shear stress in the vicinity of anastomosis were analyzed. The study results showed that 2-way bypass graft was of more rational hemodynamics when compared with 1-way bypass graft, and it could improve the flow conditions and decrease the probability of restenosis.

Perforin and granzyme--the perfect material of biologic missile / 生物医学工程学杂志

Perforin and granzyme are important effector molecules in cytolytic cells. They can induce apoptosis of tumor cells and infection cells. The research of biologic missile is noticed with the progress in therapy targeting to the disease. It is supposed that perforin and granzyme play an important role in biological missiles because of their biologic function and structure. A review on several aspects of these effector molecules is presented.

Experiment study of c-fos expression on myocardial acute ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the changes of c-fos mRNA induced by myocardial ischemia/reperfusion(I/R) during acute period.@*METHODS@#The model of I/R was established, and the rats was divided normal control, ischmia and I/R groups. Insitu hybridization (ISH) and computerized image analysis method was used to observe alteration of c-fos mRNA in cardiac myocytes.@*RESULTS@#After 10 min ischemia and 30 min reperfusion, the area of reperfusion showed a part of cardiac myocytes weak staining, and get to peak at I-60 min/R-30 min. The myocardium in normal control and ischemia groups less than 60 min showed negative staining. No changes were found in all groups by HE staining.@*CONCLUSION@#c-fos mRNA detection may become an important method for diagnosis of I/R.

Effects of selenium and iodine on the expression of c-fos and c-jun mRNA and their proteins in cultured rat hippocampus neurons / 中华病理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effect of selenium (Se) and iodine (I) and the compound of both on the proto-oncogenes c-fos and c-jun mRNA and their protein expression in the cultured rat hippocampus neurons.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Using the technique of serum free hippocampus neuron culture, different doses of Se and I and Se + I compound were added into the medium. The expression of the mRNA of c-fos, c-jun in hippocampus neurons cultured for 1, 3, 5, 7 and 10 d were studied using both in situ hybridization and SABC immunohistochemical technique.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Both Se and I could enhance the expression of c-fos, c-jun mRNA and their proteins, especially the combination of I and Se able to give a remarkable effect on c-jun mRNA expression.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Se and I may effect the expression of both c-fos and c-jun mRNA, especially the c-jun mRNA and its protein of hippocampus neurons, and thus may effect the differentiation and development of neurons.</p>

Studies on survival and outgrowth of processes of cultured rat hippocampus neurons in containing selenium and free serum medium / 中华预防医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effect of selenium on cultured newborn rat's hippocampus neurons survival and outgrowth development.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Using the technique of primary culture of hippocampal neurons of newborn rat. The different dose of Se (62.5 microgram/L, 125.0 microgram/L, 182.5 microgram/L) were added into the medium at same time. We not only investigated the number of survival of neurons on 1 - 14 d and 1d to 10 d in with and without serum containing-Se medium, but also observed the length outgrowth of the neurite at 16 h, 24 h, 36 h, 48 h during culture.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Selenium could obviously enhance the outgrowth of early processed in 10% fetal serum medium and average length of neurite outgrowth is 15 - 20 micrometer more longer than control groups (P < 0.01) and selenium could also increase the livability of neurons and prolong survival time of cultured neurons in serum-free medium.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Selenium may play a very important role for early processed growth and development of hippocampal neurons.</p>

Immunohistochemical study of Fos and HSP70 proteins on the acute myocardial ischemia/reperfusion in rats / 中国法医学杂志

To study the expression of both Fos and HSP70 proteins in the early stage of acute myocardial ischemia/reperfusion(I/R) in rats with immunohistochemistry in order to search the objective morphologic evidence for the forensic pathological diagnosis.I/R rat model was established by ligation of the anterior branch of the left coronary artery.All animals were divided into 7 groups.Tissues were cut and stained immunohistochemistry with the corresponding anti Fos and anti HSP70 sera as the first antibodies.There was no expression of both Fos and HSP70 proteins in control group.The expression of HSP70 protein began to increase in myocytes 1h after I/R in the ischemic areas and increased gradually wtih the prolongation of ischemia,while it began to express 2h after I/R in the non ischemic areas.Fos protein began to express 0 5h after I/R in the ischemic areas,1h in the non ischemic areas.The expressions of both HSP70 and Fos proteins in the non ischemic areas were weaker than those in the ischemic areas.Meanwhile,the expression of HSP70 and Fos proteins appears firstly in the inner layer of myocardium and extended gradually toward the outer layer.The expression of Fos protein mainly located in the inner layer of myocardium 0 5h after I/R and then extened to the whole layer of myocardium 1h after I/R.The expression of Fos protein in outer layer was stronger than that in inner layer at 4h after I/R.The expression of HSP70 protein located mainly in the inner layer of the myocardium at 1h and 2h after I/R,and then extended to the whole layer of the myocardium at 4h and 6h after I/R.The results indicated that the I/R induced the expression of both HSP70 and Fos proteins in the early stages of myocardial ischemia.The location and the intersity of the immunoreactivity of these two proteins changed at the different stages after I/R.These changes observed in the present study might be useful for the forensic pathological diagnosis of the early myocardial ischemia.

THE INTRAOCULAR CHANGES IN FATALLY ABUSED CHILDREN / 中国法医学杂志

39 cases of fatally abused children were collected during April,1984 to febraury,1987 in Los Angeless,U.S.A.73 cases of non-abused children were obtained as control.Both eyes of each case were taken and examined histo- pathologically.The intraocular changes occured in 64% of the fatally abused children.They were:Retinal hemorrhage,vitrous hemorrhage,retinal de- tachmedt,papilledema,subdural hemorrhage of the optic nerve and traum- atic cataract.On the other hand,the intraocular changes occured in 28% of control cass,especially in those of traffic and other accidents which usually caused the injuries of head and neck.Considering the intraocular changes and the general injuries together,we suggest that the most important mec- hanism of the intraocular changes be head injuries and whiplash syndrome.

Experimental study on the cardiomyocyte apoptosis in the early myocardial ischemia / 中国法医学杂志

In order to explore the significance of cardiomyocyte apoptosis in the early myocardial ischemia,the rat model of acute myocardial ischemia was established,and the apoptotic cells were detected in the early phase of ischemia(within 6h)with TUNEL method.The results showed that scanty apoptotic cells could be observed in the ischemic region 1h after ischemia,and reached the peak 3h after ischemia,then decreased.No apoptotic cells were found in the normal region.In the peri ischemic region,apoptotic cells could also be observed 1h after ischemia,and reached the peak 5h after ischemia.It is indicated that apoptosis is the major form of early ischemic myocardial damage,and the detection of apoptotic cardiomyocyte may provide a new sensitive and objective method for the postmortem diagnosis of early myocardial infarction.