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Objective To analyze the situation of HIV infection and its influencing factors among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Wuxi city, 2016-2019, and to provide evidence for prevention and control of HIV infections in MSM. Methods Snowball sampling and online methods were used to recruit subjects, and a face-to-face questionnaire survey was conducted among MSM by professionally trained investigators. Blood samples were collected for HIV tests. Results A total of 1 451 MSM were recruited in this study. The awareness rate of AIDS related knowledge was 93.52%. The positive rate of HIV was 5.86%. The analysis of demographic characteristics showed that the differences between different age groups (χ2=18.81, P2=28.84, P2=12.63, P2=33.15, P0.05) for other factors. Conclusion It is necessary to strengthen health education and intervention measures among MSM.
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Objective To assess the prevalence of blood donation and associated factors in men who have sex with men (MSM) in China.Methods Our observational study was conducted between January and August,2017 in 3 cities:Guangzhou,Shenzhen and Wuxi.Eligible participants were MSM (≥ 18 years old) who had either ≥2 male sex partners or unprotected anal sex with casual partners,or had been diagnosed with STI in the past 6 months.A self-completed tablet-based questionnaire was used to collect the information about MSM's socio-demographic characteristics,sexual behaviors and blood donation history.Results A total of 603 MSM were enrolled in our study,including 302 in Guangzhou,152 in Shenzhen and 149 in Wuxi,with a mean age of 27.9 years (SD=7.8).Overall,29.2％ (176/603) of the MSM reported a history of blood donation,and 33.1％ (100/302) in Guangzhou,27.6％ (42/152) in Shenzhen and 22.8％ (34/149) in Wuxi,the differences were not significant (x2=6.421,P=0.093).Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that MSM had ever tested for HIV for ≥2 times in the past 12 months (vs.MSM tested for HIV one time,aOR=1.49,95％CI:1.08-2.19) or who had ever used gay dating app (vs.MSM who not used gay dating app,aOR=2.13,95％CI:1.12-4.44) were more likely to donate blood.Conclusions Blood donation was common in MSM in China.Health education about blood donation in MSM should be strengthened to ensure the blood safety.
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Objective To assess the prevalence of blood donation and associated factors in men who have sex with men (MSM) in China.Methods Our observational study was conducted between January and August,2017 in 3 cities:Guangzhou,Shenzhen and Wuxi.Eligible participants were MSM (≥ 18 years old) who had either ≥2 male sex partners or unprotected anal sex with casual partners,or had been diagnosed with STI in the past 6 months.A self-completed tablet-based questionnaire was used to collect the information about MSM's socio-demographic characteristics,sexual behaviors and blood donation history.Results A total of 603 MSM were enrolled in our study,including 302 in Guangzhou,152 in Shenzhen and 149 in Wuxi,with a mean age of 27.9 years (SD=7.8).Overall,29.2％ (176/603) of the MSM reported a history of blood donation,and 33.1％ (100/302) in Guangzhou,27.6％ (42/152) in Shenzhen and 22.8％ (34/149) in Wuxi,the differences were not significant (x2=6.421,P=0.093).Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that MSM had ever tested for HIV for ≥2 times in the past 12 months (vs.MSM tested for HIV one time,aOR=1.49,95％CI:1.08-2.19) or who had ever used gay dating app (vs.MSM who not used gay dating app,aOR=2.13,95％CI:1.12-4.44) were more likely to donate blood.Conclusions Blood donation was common in MSM in China.Health education about blood donation in MSM should be strengthened to ensure the blood safety.
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With the change of modern medical model and the rapid development of medical technology,medical humanities education in higher medical education has obviously been weakened and has obvious deficiencies.We should fully understand the importance and the necessity of medical humanities education during cultivating medical students.We should also improve medical humanities curriculum system,construct teaching staff combining with different majors,intensify the cultivation of humanistic quality in practice and organically combine ideological and political with humanistic education,and perfect evaluation system,etc.Inall We should explore the effective way of medical humanities education in many aspects.
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Objective To understand the capability of parasitic disease control and prevention among professional and tech?nical personnel in medical and health institutions in Wuxi City,so as to provide the evidence for promoting relative capability building. Methods Forty?one professional and technical persons from 22 medical and health institutions received the evalua?tion through the theoretical knowledge exam and laboratory operation skill assessment. Results The average score of theoretical knowledge exam was(76.5±15.6)with the pass rate of 80.5%and excellent rate of 48.9%. The average score,pass rate and ex?cellent rate for Plasmodium blood slide making were(7.3 ± 1.5),87.8%and 41.5%respectively,the average score,pass rate and excellent rate for Plasmodium blood slide reading were(14.0 ± 7.2),31.7% and 12.2% respectively;the average score, pass rate and excellent rate for helminthes microscope examination were(19.4 ± 10.4),24.4%and 0 respectively;the average score,pass rate and excellent rate for Oncomelania hupensis snail identification were(8.6±1.1),95.1%and 73.2%respectively. The average scores of helminthes microscope examination and Oncomelania hupensis snail identification were higher in the par?ticipants with middle?level professional title or above than in the participants with primary level professional title (both P <0.05). The average scores of theoretical knowledge exam,Plasmodium blood slide reading and helminthes microscope examina?tion were higher in the participants from disease control and prevention institutions than in the staff who came from medical insti?tutions(all P<0.05). Conclusions The professional and technical personnel in medical and health institutions in Wuxi do bet?ter in theoretical knowledge,Plasmodium blood slide making and Oncomelania hupensis snail identification. However,the capa?bility of parasite microscope examination is urgently needed to be improved in the future.
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Objective To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of Toxoplasma gondii infection among key populations in Wuxi City,Jiangsu Province,so as to provide evidences for developing preventive and control interventions for T. gondii in-fection. Methods A questionnaire was designed to conduct face-to-face interviews to HIV/AIDS carriers/patients,tumor pa-tients,pregnant women and pet breeders. The blood samples were collected to test anti-Toxoplasma IgM and IgG antibodies by using ELISA method. Results Totally 404 participants were investigated,and 38 were positive in testing T. gondii antibodies (9.4%),and among these,37(97.4%)were IgG positive and 1(2.6%)was IgM positive. The multivariate logistic regression indicated that age,regularly contacting cats/dogs and being HIV positive were associated with the infection of T. gondii(OR=2.1,2.6 and 2.3,all P < 0.05). Breeding pets,being HIV positive and being tumor patients were more likely to infect T. gondii than being pregnant(OR = 1.5,8.1 and 2.8,all P < 0.05). Conclusion The high infection rate of T. gondii is observed among key populations in Wuxi City,so that the effective measurements should be taken to enhance the intervention among key popula-tions including immunocompromised people,pet breeders or people having bad dietary habits of eating raw food.
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Objective To investigate the capabilities of Plasmodium microscopic examinations of professional staff in medi-cal institutions in Wuxi City,so as to provide evidences for improving malaria control and elimination work in the future. Meth-ods The data of questionnaires for laboratorial staff in charge of Plasmodium microscopic examinations were collected and ana-lyzed in the medical institutions in Wuxi City in 2016,and the influencing factors related to the capabilities of Plasmodium mi-croscopic examinations were analyzed by the method of logistic regression. Results Totally 54 laboratorial workers in 54 medi-cal institutions in Wuxi City were investigated,16 of them were male,and 38 were female,and the ratio of male to female was 0.42:1. Among the 54 laboratorial workers,12 persons(22.22％)had the experience of detecting Plasmodium in the work. The multivariable analysis showed the ability to detect Plasmodium was associated with male laboratorial workers(adjusted OR =0.11,95％CI:0.02-0.53),laboratorial workers with intermediate or higher professional titles(adjusted OR=5.31,95％CI:1.04-27.19)and laboratorial workers from county and township medical institutions(adjusted OR=0.04,95％CI:0.01-0.98). Conclusions All of the medical institutions in Wuxi City have the capability of microscopic examinations of Plasmodium. How-ever,the ability of laboratorial staff in primary hospitals still should be improved.
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Objective To explore the HIV epidemic and related factors among MSM in Jilin province.Methods During the implementation of sentinel surveillance program from 2010 to 2015,continuous cross-sectional studies were conducted to monitor the awareness of AIDS,sexual behavior,HIV and syphilis positive rates,with the sample size no less than 400 in each surveillance site.Results From 2010 to 2015,a total of 7 823 MSM were involved in this study.The overall HIV prevalence among MSM was 5.4％ (42/7 823),with an increasing trend during 2010 and 2015 (Trend testx2=110.023,P＜0.001).The rates of awareness on AIDS were higher than 90.0％.The proportion of consistent condom use was 27.0％ (2 112/7 823) in the last 6 months,and significant differences were found in these years (x 2=234.038,P＜0.001).Results from multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the HIV infection related risk factors among MSM in Jilin province would include:residency from other provinces (aOR=1.797,95％ CI:1.185-2.726),recruitment through internet (aOR=1.717,95％CI:1.332-2.215),diagnosed of having sexually transmitted diseases in the previous year (aOR=1.893,95％CI:1.356-2.643) and positive testing on syphilis (aOR=4.309,95％CI:3.097-5.995).And consistent condom uses in the last 6 months (aOR=0.387,95％CI:0.143-0.557),tested HIV in the last year (aOR=0.632,95％CI:0.375-0.891) were preventive factors.Conclusions HIV prevalence was increasing among MSM in Jilin province,but both the proportion of consistent condom use and the former HIV testing rate were at a low level.Aggressive measurement including consistent condom use and periodical HIV testing among MSM was warranted.
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Objective To explore the HIV epidemic and related factors among MSM in Jilin province.Methods During the implementation of sentinel surveillance program from 2010 to 2015,continuous cross-sectional studies were conducted to monitor the awareness of AIDS,sexual behavior,HIV and syphilis positive rates,with the sample size no less than 400 in each surveillance site.Results From 2010 to 2015,a total of 7 823 MSM were involved in this study.The overall HIV prevalence among MSM was 5.4％ (42/7 823),with an increasing trend during 2010 and 2015 (Trend testx2=110.023,P＜0.001).The rates of awareness on AIDS were higher than 90.0％.The proportion of consistent condom use was 27.0％ (2 112/7 823) in the last 6 months,and significant differences were found in these years (x 2=234.038,P＜0.001).Results from multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the HIV infection related risk factors among MSM in Jilin province would include:residency from other provinces (aOR=1.797,95％ CI:1.185-2.726),recruitment through internet (aOR=1.717,95％CI:1.332-2.215),diagnosed of having sexually transmitted diseases in the previous year (aOR=1.893,95％CI:1.356-2.643) and positive testing on syphilis (aOR=4.309,95％CI:3.097-5.995).And consistent condom uses in the last 6 months (aOR=0.387,95％CI:0.143-0.557),tested HIV in the last year (aOR=0.632,95％CI:0.375-0.891) were preventive factors.Conclusions HIV prevalence was increasing among MSM in Jilin province,but both the proportion of consistent condom use and the former HIV testing rate were at a low level.Aggressive measurement including consistent condom use and periodical HIV testing among MSM was warranted.
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Objective To investigate the relationship between folate metabolism-related gene polymorphism and fetal congenital defects,and discuss the effect of genetic factors on fetal congenital defects.Methods Retrospective analysis was used to investigate the genotype and gene frequency of 5,1O-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T,A1298C gene loci and ethionine synthase reductase (MTRR) A66G gene locus in 132 cases of adverse pregnancy pregnant women (case group) and 150 cases normal pregnant women (control group) at the same period.The statistical differences were analyzed between the levels of their serum folate,vitamin B12 (Vit B12) and homocysteine (HCY).Results In the serum of case group,folate was positively correlated with Vit B12,and was negatively correlated with HCY,only HCY of skeletal system defects(6 cases) was higher (t =3.409,P ＜ 0.05).Comparing genotypes frequency of the MTHFR C677T,A1298C gene loci and MTRR A66G gene locus in case group with control group,the difference above was not statistically significant (P ＞ 0.05).In these three gene loci C/T,A/C and A/G allele frequency with the control group,the difference above was not statistically significant (all P ＞ 0.05).Different genotype combinations of MTHFR C667T and A1298C gene loci in control groups had no statistically different from the control group (P ＞ 0.05),and there was no synergy.Conclusions Maternal folate metabolism-related MTHFR and MTRR genes polymorphisms can affect the metabolic products levels accordingly.However,the correlation between the changes and the genetic mechanism of fetal congenital defects needs more large samples study in depth.
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Objective To establish a monitoring database of historical Oncomelania hupensis environments at grass?root lev?el for schistosomiasis prevention based on Google Earth(GE),so as to improve the management efficiency of historical O. hu?pensis environments. Methods GE was labeled with the information about the historical O. hupensis environments through add?ing landmark,path and polygon. Meanwhile,POCO web album was used to storage the practice situation pictures of the environ?ments,which could be imported into GE so that the environments could be monitored dynamically. Results There were 553 historical O. hupensis snail environments in Yangjian Town,Xishan District,Wuxi City and the accumulative area was 506 000 m2. Among these environments,224(40.5%)were Class IV environments,accounting for 40.5%of accumulative area. Conclu?sions The monitoring database of historical O. hupensis environments based on GE at country level is established successfully and it can be used to manage the historical snail environments visually and monitor the changes dynamically.
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Objective To understand the willingness to receive human papillomawrus (HPV) vaccination of men who have sex with men (MSM) and the male clients of sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinics and related factors in China.Methods MSM were enrolled from the community through snowball sampling and male clients of STD clinics were enrolled from a sexual health clinic through convenience sampling in Wuxi,China.A questionnaire survey on the subjects' socio-demographic characteristics and the awareness of HPV was conducted.Results A total of 186 MSM and 182 STD clients were recruited.The awareness rates of HPV were 18.4％ and 23.1％,respectively and the awareness rates of HPV vaccination were 10.2％ and 15.4％,respectively.STD clinic clients (70.9％) were more likely to receive HPV vaccination than MSM (34.9％) (x2=47.651,P＜0.01).Only 26.2％ of MSM and 20.2％ of STD clinic clients were willing to receive free HPV vaccination before the age of 20 years.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that MSM who had passive anal sex (OR=2.831,95％ CI:1.703-13.526),MSM who never used condom in anal sex in the past 6 months (OR=3.435,95％CI:1.416-20.108),MSM who had been diagnosed with STDs (OR=1.968,95％CI:1.201-8.312) and STD clinic clients who had commercial sex with females in the past 3 months (OR=1.748,95％ CI:1.207-8.539),STD clinic clients who never used condom in commercial sex in the past 3 months (OR=1.926,95％CI:1.343-5.819) and STD clinic clients who had been diagnosed with STDs in past 12 months (OR=2.017,95％CI:1.671-7.264) were more likely to receive free HPV vaccination.Conclusion Sexually active MSM and male clients in STD clinics in China had lower awareness of the HPV related knowledge.Their willing to receive HPV vaccination were influenced by their behavior related factors.It is necessary to strengthen the health education about HPV and improve people's awareness of HPV vaccination.
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Objective To understand the willingness on acceptance of a short-message-service (SMS) program provided for HIV/STD testing and the related factors,among male clients at the STD clinics in China.Methods Convenience sampling method was used to select study subjectsat a STD clinic in Wuxi,Jiangsu province.A questionnaire survey was conducted among the subjects to collect the information on socio-demographic characteristics and willingness of acceptance to the SMS.Results A total of 368 SMS subjects were surveyed,in which 75.5％ expressed the willingness of acceptance,while 57.2％ and 38.1％ of them wanted to receive the short message every 3 months or 6 months,respectively.53.8％ of the respondents showed their willingness to share the news with their sexual partners about SMS and 44.8％ of them would do the same to their friends.Data from the Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that those who had received senior high school or above education (aOR =3.632,95％CI:1.939-6.715),having homosexual behavior (aOR =1.973,95％ CI:1.234-8.358) or those having received AIDS related intervention service in the past year (aOR=9.416,95％CI:4.822-18.309) were more likely to accept the SMS.Conclusion SMS seemed to be acceptable among the male STD clinic clients in Wuxi,suggesting that it is feasible to conduct the SMS as a strategy to improve the HIV/STDs testing program at the STD clinics in the future.Promotion of SMS should be strengthened and the provision of general AIDS intervention service at the STD clinics should be established in order to make more STD clinic clients understand this SMS.
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Objective To understand the distribution and characteristics of historical Oncomelania hupensis snail environ-ments and wetland environments in Wuxi City since 1952 so as to provide the evidence for formulating the monitoring strategy after the schistosomiasis transmission was interrupted. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted to collect the informa-tion of historical O. hupensis snail environments and wetland environments. Google Earth was used to present and analyze the distribution and characteristics of them. Results There were 2 124 historical O. hupensis snail environments in Wuxi City and the accumulative area was 2 995.7 hm2. In 2013 there were 61 surveillance sites of wetland with the area of 32.8 hm2 totally 1 695 snails were caught and no O. hupensis snails were found. Conclusion The historical O. hupensis snail environments were distributed widely and covered a large area in Wuxi City. The surveillance should be focused on the key environments and wetland.
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Objective To explore the effect of ACE-inhibitor perindopril on the expression of scavenger receptor A (SR-A) gene in the kidney of diabetic rats.Methods Diabetes were induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats by peritoneal injection with streptozotocin (60mg/kg).The rats were then random di vided into normal control group, diabetes group and ACEI treatment group [4mg/(kg·d) for 24 weeks].Blood glucose concentration and 24h urinary albumin excretion were determined.The renal morphological change was observed.Immunohistochemistry was used to analyze CD68 positive macrophages,and the Mrna of SR-A in renal tissue was detected by quantitative real-time PCR.Results Compared with normal control group,blood glucose concentration,24h urinary albumin excretion and the number of CD68 positive macrophages were significantly increased [(5.3 ± 0.6) mmol/L vs (26.7 ± 3.3) mmol/L;(2.7 ± 1.3) mg/24h vs (26.7 ± 1.8)mg/24h;(0.77 ±0.24)/gcs vs (2.55 ±0.46)/gcs;(6.13 ±0.50)/HPF vs (11.9 ±2.12)/HPF;P ＜0.05],and the expression of SR-A Mrna were significantly up-regulated in diabetes group [ (5.6 ± 1.2 vs 1.5 ±0.2),P ＜0.05].After intervention with ACE-inhibitor,the up-regulations of the above mentioned parameters,except blood glucose concentration,were all significantly inhibited [ (3.6 ±1.4)mg/24h;(1.03±0.37)/gcs;(8.28±1.19)/HPF;3.4±0.7;P ＜0.05].Conclusion ACE-inhibitor might have renoprotective effects of diabetic nephropathy,it probably was associated with inhibiting the expression of SR-A gene.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the therapeutic effect and the hemorrheology change of berberine in new diagnosed patients with type 2 diabetes combining nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Sixty patients, in our department from March 2009 to March 2010, with type 2 diabetes and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease were randomly divided into two groups. One group was given berberine, another group was given Xuezhikang, both for 12 weeks. The indicators, include B-ultrasound of liver, triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspertate aminotransferase (AST), hemorrheology, were detected before and after treatment.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>After treatment by berberine, B-ultrasound of liver were better than before, the effective rate was 70%, vs 73.3% after treatment by Xuezhikang. ALT, AST, TC, TG, LDL-L, hemorrheology (including the whole blood viscosity, whole blood viscosity, high cutting reduction of whole blood viscosity, plasma cutting reductive low viscosity, blood sedimentation, RBC deposited, fibrinogen) were significantly lower than before, however, HDL-L significantly increased (P<0.05). The therapeutic effect of xuezhikang was the same as berberine. The distance between the indicators of the two groups was no different.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Berberine can obviously improve the conditions of new diagnostic T2DM patients with nonalcoholic liver lesions, effectively reduce hemorrheology indicators, and has good application prospect.</p>
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Alanine Transaminase , Blood , Berberine , Therapeutic Uses , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 , Blood , Diagnosis , Drug Therapy , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Therapeutic Uses , Fatty Liver , Blood , Diagnosis , Drug Therapy , Lipoproteins, HDL , Blood , Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease , Treatment Outcome , Triglycerides , BloodABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>The migrant population is a vulnerable group for HIV infection in China. Understanding potential epidemic trends among migrants is critical for developing HIV preventative measures in this population.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The Estimation and Projection Package (EPP) model was used to process prefecture and county-level surveillance data to generate HIV prevalence and epidemic trends for migrant populations in China.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The prevalence of HIV among migrants in 2009 was estimated at 0.075% (95% CI: 0.042%, 0.108%) in China. The HIV epidemic among migrants is likely to increase over the next 5 years, with the prevalence expected to reach 0.110% (95% CI: 0.070%, 0.150%) by 2015.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Although the 2009 estimates for the HIV/AIDS epidemic in China indicate a slower rate of increase compared with the national HIV/AIDS epidemic, it is estimated to persistently increase among migrants over the next 5 years. Migrants will have a strong impact on the overall future of the HIV epidemic trend in China and evidence-based prevention and monitoring efforts should be expanded for this vulnerable population.</p>