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Objective:To analyze the relationship between physical indicators and blood pressure or fasting plasma glucose levels in the young-old and oldest-old.Methods:Totally 1 516 subjects from the Guangxi Natural Longevity Cohort were screened in this study and physical examination parameters included body mass index(BMI), waist circumference(WC), waist-to-height ratio(WHtR), fasting plasma glucose(FPG)and blood pressure, and the correlations between them were analyzed.Results:The overweight elderly and overweight young elderly groups had an increased risk of concurrent hypertension and impaired fasting glucose, compared with both elderly people with normal BMI and young elderly people with normal BMI( OR=2.66, 95% CI: 1.90-3.72; OR=3.03, 95% CI: 2.11-4.34). Elderly people with general obesity and young elderly people with general obesity were more likely to have hypertension( OR=5.25, 95% CI: 2.07-13.28; OR=4.75, 95% CI: 1.84-12.21), impaired fasting glucose( OR=2.95, 95% CI: 1.00-8.69; OR=3.06, 95% CI: 1.04-9.02), and concurrent hypertension and impaired fasting glucose( OR=7.94, 95% CI: 3.04-20.72; OR=8.68, 95% CI: 3.28-22.94), whereas underweight young elderly had a reduced risk of hypertension( OR=0.27, 95% CI: 0.09-0.80). Elderly people in the central obesity group(WC)showed increased risk of hypertension( OR=1.39, 95% CI: 1.04-1.84)and concurrent hypertension and impaired fasting glucose( OR=2.39, 95% CI: 1.75-3.27), compared with those in the non-central obesity group.Young elderly people with central obesity had increased risk of hypertension( OR=1.46, 95% CI: 1.07-2.00), impaired fasting glucose( OR=1.62, 95% CI: 1.14-2.28), and concurrent hypertension and impaired fasting glucose( OR=3.03, 95% CI: 2.13-4.32); both elderly people and young elderly people in the central obesity group(WHtR)had increased risk of hypertension( OR=1.35, 95% CI: 1.03-1.76; OR=1.55, 95% CI: 1.13-2.14), impaired fasting glucose( OR=1.42, 95% CI: 1.04-1.94; OR=1.62, 95% CI: 1.13-2.31), and concurrent hypertension and impaired fasting glucose( OR=2.20, 95% CI: 1.60-3.02; OR=3.22, 95% CI: 2.14-4.84). In the elderly group, BMI was correlated with diastolic blood pressure and WHtR was correlated with the fasting blood glucose level. Conclusions:The levels of fasting plasma glucose and blood pressure increase with elevated physical indicator values(BMI, WC, WHtR)in the Guangxi elderly population, and the risk of developing hypertension, impaired fasting glucose, and concurrent hypertension and impaired fasting glucose increases in elderly patients with general obesity and central obesity, with a higher risk in low-aged elderly patients.
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Objectives@#To compare the effect of eldecalcitol and alfacalcidol on skeletal microstructure by highresolution peripheral QCT (HR-pQCT). @*Methods@#This was a substudy of a randomized, double-blind, active comparator trial. Five female osteoporotic patients with 1-year 0.75 mg/day eldecalcitol and 5 with 1-year 1.0 mg/day alfacalcidol completed HR-pQCT scans before and after treatment were enrolled. @*Results@#Total vBMD [1.67 ± 1.06% (mean ± SD), P ¼ 0.043 versus baseline] and trabecular vBMD (2.91 ± 1.72%, P ¼ 0.043) at the radius increased in eldecalcitol group, while total, trabecular, and cortical vBMD tended to decrease in alfacalcidol group, with a significant reduction in cortical vBMD at the tibia (0.88 ± 0.62%, P ¼ 0.043). Cortical area (1.82 ± 1.92%, P ¼ 0.043) at the radius and thickness (0.87 ± 1.12%, P ¼ 0.043) at the tibia increased in eldecalcitol group, while these parameters decreased with alfacalcidol at the tibia (1.77 ± 1.72%, P ¼ 0.043 for cortical area; 1.40 ± 2.14%, P ¼ 0.042 for cortical thickness). Trabecular thickness at the radius (1.97 ± 1.93%, P ¼ 0.042) and number at the tibia (3.09 ± 3.04%, P ¼ 0.043) increased by eldecalcitol but did not increase by alfacalcidol. Trabecular separation decreased by eldecalcitol (2.22 ± 2.43%, P ¼ 0.043) but tended to increase by alfacalcidol at the tibia. @*Conclusions@#Eldecalcitol has the greater potential to improve cortical and trabecular microstructure at the peripheral bone than alfacalcidol which needs further more studies.
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Objectives@#To compare the effect of eldecalcitol and alfacalcidol on skeletal microstructure by highresolution peripheral QCT (HR-pQCT). @*Methods@#This was a substudy of a randomized, double-blind, active comparator trial. Five female osteoporotic patients with 1-year 0.75 mg/day eldecalcitol and 5 with 1-year 1.0 mg/day alfacalcidol completed HR-pQCT scans before and after treatment were enrolled. @*Results@#Total vBMD [1.67 ± 1.06% (mean ± SD), P ¼ 0.043 versus baseline] and trabecular vBMD (2.91 ± 1.72%, P ¼ 0.043) at the radius increased in eldecalcitol group, while total, trabecular, and cortical vBMD tended to decrease in alfacalcidol group, with a significant reduction in cortical vBMD at the tibia (0.88 ± 0.62%, P ¼ 0.043). Cortical area (1.82 ± 1.92%, P ¼ 0.043) at the radius and thickness (0.87 ± 1.12%, P ¼ 0.043) at the tibia increased in eldecalcitol group, while these parameters decreased with alfacalcidol at the tibia (1.77 ± 1.72%, P ¼ 0.043 for cortical area; 1.40 ± 2.14%, P ¼ 0.042 for cortical thickness). Trabecular thickness at the radius (1.97 ± 1.93%, P ¼ 0.042) and number at the tibia (3.09 ± 3.04%, P ¼ 0.043) increased by eldecalcitol but did not increase by alfacalcidol. Trabecular separation decreased by eldecalcitol (2.22 ± 2.43%, P ¼ 0.043) but tended to increase by alfacalcidol at the tibia. @*Conclusions@#Eldecalcitol has the greater potential to improve cortical and trabecular microstructure at the peripheral bone than alfacalcidol which needs further more studies.
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Nursing mothers provide their infants with an average of 200-250mg of Ca/d, and as much as 400 mg/d. During lactation, maternal mineral ions and calciotropic hormones experience great changes. The main adaptations include increased skeletal resorption and reduced renal excretion of calcium, while the increased skeletal resorption plays a major role. In most cases, the physiological bone loss caused by breast-feeding does not cause clinical symptoms, which can be recovered completely after breast-feeding stopped. But among women with risk factors such as low bone mass before pregnancy, osteoporosis can occur during lactation and even to osteoporotic fractures. However, at present, there is still no definite conclusion for the treatment of osteoporosis and osteoporotic fracture related to lactation. The long-term effects of lactation on bone are still controversial. This article reviews the changes in the mineral and bone metabolism of women in lactation, so as to better understand and prevent the severe bone loss caused by breast-feeding.
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Objective To investigate the histological features,biological features,clinical treatment and prognosis of pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma.Methods A retrospective review of 10 patients with pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma treated in our hospital from 1999 to 2008 was conducted and the clinical features,imaging changes,pathologic feature,treatment course and follow-up data were collected.Results There were 9 men and 1 woman with a mean age of (62±8) years old.Tumors were located in the uncinate process in 1 patient,head of pancreas in 7,body and tail in 2.The median size of these tumors was 4.5 cm×4.7 cm;common bile duct and intrahepatic bile duct,pancreatic duct dilation was detected in 7 cases,and superior mesenteric vein was invaded in 2 cases.Of the 10 patients,8 received pancreaticoduodenectomy,among these 8 patients,3 had extended lymph node dissection,2 had portal vein resection and replacement;2received resection of pancreatic body and tail as well as splenectomy.Histologically,the size of these tumors were 4.0 cm×3.3 cm×3.4 cm.Macrescopically,duodenum was invaded in 5 patients,superior mesenteric vein was invaded in 2 patients and neural invasion was present in 7 cases.Lymph node metastasis was noted in 6 cases.Follow-up data was available in 9 patients and 1 patient was lost in follow-up.The survival ranged from 3 to 51 months with a median survival 18 months,and 9 patients died of tumor recurrence and metastasis after operation.Conclusions Pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma should be recognized as a distinct tumor entity and it may not be sensitive to radiotherapy or chemotherapy.The biological features of pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma should be investigated further.