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OBJECTIVE@#To detect the body surface temperature of the relevant back-shu points in patients with chronic persistent asthma by infrared thermal imaging technology, and observe the specific changes of the body surface temperature of the relevant back-shu points under the condition of lung disease.@*METHODS@#Forty-five patients with chronic persistent asthma (observation group) and 45 healthy subjects (control group) were selected. The body surface temperature of bilateral Feishu (BL 13), Geshu (BL 17), Pishu (BL 20) and Shenshu (BL 23) were measured by BK-MT02A medical infrared thermography.@*RESULTS@#The body surface temperature of bilateral Feishu (BL 13), Geshu (BL 17), Pishu (BL 20) and Shenshu (BL 23) in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (P<0.01, P<0.05). The body surface temperature of bilateral Feishu (BL 13) and Geshu (BL 17) was higher than that of ipsilateral Pishu (BL 20) and Shenshu (BL 23) in the two groups (P<0.01, P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in body surface temperature between ipsilateral Feishu (BL 13) and Geshu (BL 17), between ipsilateral Pishu (BL 20) and Shenshu (BL 23) (P>0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#The pathological increase of body surface temperature of Feishu (BL 13), Geshu (BL 17), Pishu (BL 20) and Shenshu (BL 23) in patients with chronic persistent asthma indicates that above acupoints have specificity in reflecting lung diseases. The Feishu (BL 13) and Geshu (BL 17), which have significantly increased body surface temperature, not only provide objective basis for the pathological pathogenesis of "deficiency in origin and excess in symptom" in patients with chronic persistent asthma, but also reflect the different expressions of different acupoints on the same meridian for the lung diseases.
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Humans , Temperature , Asthma/diagnostic imaging , Meridians , Acupuncture Points , Acupuncture Therapy/methodsABSTRACT
AIM: To comparatively analyze the efficacy and safety between 25-gauge(25G+)and 27G+ micro-invasive vitrectomy for the treatment of vitreoretinal diseases.METHODS: The clinical data of 89 cases(89 eyes)of vitreoretinal disease who received vitrectomy at our hospital from March 2019 to April 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. They were divided into two groups according to surgery. A total of 45 cases(45 eyes)who received 25G+ micro-invasive vitrectomy were included in group A, and 44 cases(44 eyes)who received 27G+ micro-invasive vitrectomy were included in group B. Vitrectomy time, operation time, preoperative and postoperative best corrected visual acuity(BCVA), intraocular pressure, subjective comfort evaluation results and complications of the both groups were analyzed.RESULTS: There were no differences in vitrectomy time of the two groups(P>0.05), while the operation time of group B was shorter than that of group A(35.50±14.27min vs. 41.73±14.25min, P=0.042). The postoperative BCVA of the two groups were better than that before operation(P<0.05), while there was no significant difference between two groups(P>0.05). The postoperative intraocular pressure of the two groups was lower than that before operation(P<0.05), and it was slightly lower than group B at 1 and 7d after operation(P<0.05). As for the subjective comfort evaluation results, the scores of group A was higher than that of group B at 1d after operation(6.13±1.20 vs. 3.45±1.17, P<0.001); and there were no differences between two groups at 7d after operation(2.18±1.01 vs. 1.93±0.87, P=0.215). During the follow-up, 7(16%)eyes of incision leakage occurred in group A, of which 6(13%)eyes were transient hypotony, and 10(22%)eyes had conjunctival chemosis. In the group B, there was no incision leakage and transient hypotony, while conjunctival chemosis occurred in 2(4%)eyes at 1d after operation.CONCLUSION: Both 25G+ and 27G+ micro-invasive vitrectomy can improve visual acuity, stabilize intraocular pressure and be safe in patients with vitreoretinal disease. However, 27G+ micro-invasive vitrectomy has less leakage, stable intraocular pressure, shorter operation time and lower incidence of conjunctival chemosis.
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CRISPR, as an emerging gene editing technology, has been widely used in multiple fields due to its convenient operation, less cost, high efficiency and precision. This robust and effective device has revolutionized the development of biomedical research at an unexpected speed in recent years. The development of intelligent and precise CRISPR delivery strategies in a controllable and safe manner is the prerequisite for translational clinical medicine in gene therapy field. In this review, the therapeutic application of CRISPR delivery and the translational potential of gene editing was firstly discussed. Critical obstacles for the delivery of CRISPR system in vivo and shortcomings of CRISPR system itself were also analyzed. Given that intelligent nanoparticles have demonstrated great potential on the delivery of CRISPR system, here we mainly focused on stimuli-responsive nanocarriers. We also summarized various strategies for CIRSPR-Cas9 system delivered by intelligent nanocarriers which would respond to different endogenous and exogenous signal stimulus. Moreover, new genome editors mediated by nanotherapeutic vectors for gene therapy were also discussed. Finally, we discussed future prospects of genome editing for existing nanocarriers in clinical settings.
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Diabetic cardiomyopathy， one of the cardiovascular complications of diabetes， is characterized by cardiac systolic and diastolic dysfunction at the early stage， which can later develop into heart failure. Due to the high incidence and mortality， it has been a hot topic in recent years. The pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy is complicated. It has been proved related to abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism， cardiac insulin resistance， mitochondrial dysfunction， abnormal calcium homeostasis， activation of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system， increased oxidative stress， endoplasmic reticulum stress， inflammation， autophagy， and so on. The specific pathogenesis remains unclear. Currently， the diabetic cardiomyopathy is mainly tackled with both western medicine and traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）. Traditional western medicine has no specific remedy for diabetic cardiomyopathy， and the resulting side effect cannot be neglected. In order to improve the efficacy and reduce the side effects， researchers have tried some potential medical treatments， such as vaspin， melatonin， Coenzyme Q10， and non-coding RNA， which still need further clinical trials. Diabetic cardiomyopathy is not recorded in ancient TCM books. According to the symptoms and signs， modern physicians often consider it as a "consumptive disease"， whose main therapeutic principles lie in benefiting Qi， tonifying Yin， activating blood， and removing stasis. The individual Chinese herbs such as Astragali Radix and Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma and Chinese herbal compounds like Huotan Jiedu Tongluoyin are effective in protecting the heart. But there are few studies exploring the pharmacodynamic mechanisms of TCM. With the continuous emergence of new drugs， the integration of TCM with western medicine may be a more promising treatment in the future. In conclusion， the pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy is unclear， and there is a lack of effective prevention and treatment. This paper reviewed the latest findings in pathogenesis and treatment of diabetic cardiomyopathy， in order to provide reference for further research.
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Objective:To compare the effects of volume-controlled ventilation (VCV),pressure-controlled ventilation (PCV) and pressure controlled ventilation-volume guarantee (PCV-VG) on respiratory mechanics and respiratory function index in patients undergoing endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA).Methods:Seventy-five patients who underwent EBUS-TBNA under general anesthesia during February to December in 2019 in Lishui City People's Hospital,China were included in this study.They were randomly assigned to undergo VCV (Group V),PCV (Group P) or PCV-VG (Group G),with 25 patients in each group during EBUS-TBNA.After exclusion because of different reasons,25,24 and 24 patients from the Groups V,P and G respectively were included in the final analysis.Peak airway pressure (P peak),pulmonary dynamic compliance (C dyn),the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in arterial blood (PaCO 2),and oxygenation index (OI) at baseline (T 0),at the time of EBUS-TBNA for 30 (T 1) and 60 min (T 2) and immediately after EBUS-TBNA (T 3). Results:At T 2 and T 3,P peak in the Group P was (22.5 ±5.2) cmH 2O and (16.2 ± 2.8) cmH 2O respectively,which was significantly lower than that in the Group V [(25.8 ± 3.5) cmH 2O,(18.2 ± 3.2) cmH 2O, q = 3.672,3.454, P = 0.031,0.045).At T 1,T 2 and T 3,C dyn in the Group P was (26.4 ± 5.0) mL/cmH 2O,(24.1 ± 4.5) mL/cmH 2O and (32.5 ± 4.2) mL/cmH 2O,respectively,which was significantly higher than that in the Group V [(23.0 ± 2.7) mL/cmH 2O,(19.9 ± 2.1) mL/cmH 2O,(28.5 ± 3.7) mL/cmH 2O, q = 3.732,4.795,4.118, P = 0.027,0.004,0.013).At T 2 and T 3,P peak in the Group G was (21.7 ± 4.3) cmH 2O,(15.6 ± 2.6) cmH 2O,respectively,which was significantly lower than that in the Group V [(25.8 ± 3.5) cmH 2O,(18.2 ± 3.2) cmH 2O, q = 4.493,4.332, P = 0.006,0.009]. At T 1,T 2,and T 3,C ydn in the Group G was (26.6 ± 5.6) mL/cmH 2O,(24.3 ± 5.6) mL/cmH 2O,(33.2 ± 6.3) mL/cmH 2O,which was higher than that in the Group V [(23.0 ± 2.7) mL/cmH 2O,(19.9 ± 2.1) mL/cmH 2O,(28.5 ± 3.7) mL/cmH 2O, q = 3.852,4.936,4.791, P = 0.022,0.002,0.003]. At T 2 and T 3,PaCO 2 in the Group G was (41.1 ± 3.8) mmHg,(38.4 ± 3.4) mmHg,respectively,which was significantly lower than that in the group V [(45.7 ± 3.4) mmHg,(41.0 ± 3.0) mmHg, q = 5.969,3.682, P = 0.000,0.030].At T 2,OI in the group G was significantly higher than that in the group V [(358.0 ± 32.8) mmHg vs.(326.6 ± 29.7) mmHg, q = 4.782, P = 0.030].There were no significant differences in indexes between groups P and G (all P>0.05). Conclusion:During EBUS-TBNA for>60 min,PCV combined with VG can not only reduce airway pressure and improve lung compliance,but also prevent respiratory acidosis and improve oxygenation.
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OBJECTIVE@#To compare the clinical efficacy between open and arthroscopic Latarjet procedure in the treatment of anterior shoulder instability by using Meta-analysis.@*METHODS@#Search PubMed, Medline, Embase, Cochrane, China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI), Wanfang database, China Biological Literature system(CBM) and VIP database. Review all retrospective or prospective cohort studies and randomized controlled trials on open and arthroscopic Latarjet procedure for anterior shoulder instability. Binary variables (postoperative recurrence rate, incidence of intraoperative and postoperative complications) and continuousvariables [shoulder external rotation range of motion, Walch-Duplay score, Rowe score, WOSI score, postoperative visual analogue scale (VAS), postoperative anxiety degree and operation time] were selected for analysis. NOS bias risk assessment criteria (recommended by Cochrane collaboration Network) were used to evaluate the literature quality of retrospective or prospective cohort studies, and modified Jadad scale was used to evaluate the quality of randomized controlled trials. Literature screening, literature quality evaluation and data extraction were carried out independently by two observers. RevMan 5.3 software was used for Meta analysis.@*RESULTS@#(1)A total of 9 studies were included, including 8 retrospective cohort studies and 1 prospective cohort study. A total of 956 patients were included in this study, including open Latarjet procedure(@*CONCLUSION@#The arthroscopic Latarjet stabilisation shows satisfactory and comparable results to open procedure, and the postoperative recurrence and complication rates are low in both group. Both open and arthroscopic Latarjet procedure are reliable surgical procedures in the treatment of anteriorly shoulder instability. Arthroscopic procedure has longer learning curve than open procedure, the doctors may either choose arthroscopic or open Latarjet procedure based on personal skills and preference, as well as the patient's condition. However, all the literatures included in this study are cohort studies with low level of evidence. The research lack randomized controlled trials, and small sample size is small. In the future, randomized controlled studies with large sample size and high level of evidence are still needed to determine the efficacy difference between the two.
Subject(s)
Humans , Arthroscopy , China , Joint Instability , Prospective Studies , Recurrence , Retrospective Studies , Shoulder , Shoulder Dislocation , Shoulder JointABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To analyze clinical feature and information of medication to explore the risk signals of preparations containing Psoraleae Fructus (BGZP) related with hepatobiliary adverse drug reactions (ADR), in order to reinforce pharmacovigilance.@*METHODS@#A retrospective study was conducted based on hepatobiliary ADR related with BGZP from the China Adverse Drug Reaction Monitoring System in years from January 2012 to December 2016. Serious and general ADRs were analyzed and assessed.@*RESULTS@#There were 355 cases of hepatobiliary ADR related to BGZP. Both the amount of cases and the proportion of serious ADR showed an increasing growth by years (P<0.05). It was found that 10.43% of 355 cases may be involved with irrational drug use, including overdose, repeated medication, and combination of multiple drugs. There were 190 cases which used BGZP (non-combination), and they were mainly for common in diseases caused by abnormal immune activation (accounting for 40.53% of the total cases). Especially at the age group with the most cases with age of 41-50 years, the cases associated with immunological diseases of female were obviously more than that of male (P<0.05). The latency of hepatobiliary ADR related to BGZP ranged from 1 to 386 days, and the median latency was 27.5 days, along with the range of cumulative dose (0.45-520.02 g) as well as the daily dose (0.09-2.64 g/d) after the conversion.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Cases of hepatobiliary ADR related to BGZP showed significant individual differences, and there was no correlation between drug usage duration and dosage and the occurrence of hepatobiliary ADR. It may be similar with idiosyncratic drug-induced liver injury, and recommended that BGZP should be used with more caution under monitoring liver function, especially in female patients with immunological diseases.
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Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems , Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury/etiology , Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions , Pharmacovigilance , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
In this study, Andrographis paniculata seedlings were used as experimental materials to study the effects of salicylic acid(SA) on the growth and effective component accumulation of A. paniculata under NaCl stress. The results showed that with the increase of NaCl concentration, the growth of A. paniculata seedlings was significantly inhibited, and the content of carotene and carotenoid decreased. The activity of antioxidant enzyme was enhanced. At the same time, the contents of proline, proline and soluble protein were on the rise. The contents of andrographolide, new andrographolide and deoxyandrographolide showed an upward trend, while deoxyandrographolide showed a downward trend. Treatment with 100 mmol·L~(-1) NaCl+5 mg·L~(-1) SA showed a significant increase in antioxidant enzyme activity in A. paniculata leaves. Treatment with 100 mmol·L~(-1) NaCl+10 mg·L~(-1) SA showed significant changes in soluble protein and proline content in A. paniculata leaves, while MDA content in A. paniculata leaves significantly decreased. 10 mg·L~(-1) SA had the best effect on the growth of A. paniculata seedlings under salt stress. Under the treatment of 50 mmol·L~(-1) NaCl+10 mg·L~(-1) SA, fresh weight, dry weight and leaf dry weight of A. paniculata seedlings reached the highest level, which were 1.02, 1.09 and 1.11 times of those in the control group, respectively. The concentrations of NaCl and 10 mg·L~(-1) SA were significantly higher than those of the control group. Four key enzyme genes of A. paniculata diterpene lactone synthesis pathway were selected to explore the molecular mechanism of salicylic acid to alleviate salt stress. With the increase of salt stress, the relative expressions of HMGR, GGPS and ApCPS were up-regulated, indicating that salt stress may enhance the synthesis of A. paniculata diterpene lactone through MVA pathway. SA can effectively promote the growth and development of A. paniculata under salt stress, improve its osmotic regulation and antioxidant capacity, improve its salt tolerance, and alleviate the effects of salt stress on A. paniculata.
Subject(s)
Andrographis , Plant Leaves , Salicylic Acid , Salt Tolerance , Seedlings/geneticsABSTRACT
@#Diabetes mellitus(DM), as one of the most serious health problems all over the world, can cause the corneal nerve damage, changes in tear composition, tear film dysfunction, increased tear osmotic pressure, immune inflammation, and apoptosis in the eye, thus increasing the risk of ocular surface diseases. Among which, the ocular surface disease is marked by the high incidence of dry eye. In this article, the relevant factors, prevalence and pathogenesis of diabetes-related dry eye are reviewed to provide ideas for clinical treatment.
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OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the clinical characteristics and high risk factors of Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) complicated with tuberculosis infection.@*METHODS@#Patients with rheumatoid arthritis diagnosed in the hospital of Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital from January 2007 to January 2017 was retrospectively collected, who were enrolled in the study group. A control group was randomly selected from the RA patients hospitalized in the same period without co-infection at a ratio of 1 :2. The general data, clinical data, laboratory test data, treatment plan, etc. of the two groups were collected in detail for single factor statistical analysis. Then multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the independent risk factors of RA complicated with tuberculosis infection with statistical significance in univariate analysis.@*RESULTS@#The clinical manifestations of fever (83.3%) were most common, followed by cough (69%) and body mass loss (45.2%). In the infected group, pulmonary tuberculosis accounted for 73.3%. In the infected group the chest CT showed two or more cases, accounting for 59%. There were 9 cases (33.3%) occurring in the typical tuberculosis occurrence site. Compared with the control group, the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reaction protein (CRP) levels, and the daily average dose of glucocorticoid in 1 year in the infected group were higher than those in the control group. And those differences were statistically significant(P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in gender, age, disease duration, disease activity score, white blood cell (WBC), platelet (PLT), hemoglobin (Hb), immunoglobulin G (IgG), complement (C), Anti cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody (anti-CCP), CD4+T cell count, and immunosuppressant use (P > 0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that CRP levels(OR=1.016, 95%CI:1.002-1.031) and the daily average dose of glucocorticoid in 1 year(OR=1.229, 95%CI:1.066-1.418)were the independent risk factors of RA complica-ted with tuberculosis infection.@*CONCLUSION@#RA patients with tuberculosis infection are mainly phthisis. The clinical manifestations of RA combined with tuberculosis infection are lack of specificity, and the chest imaging features of pulmonary tuberculosis are diverse, which are easy to be misdiagnosed. CRP levels and the daily average dose level of glucocorticoid in 1 year were risk factors for RA and tuberculosis infection.
Subject(s)
Humans , Arthritis, Rheumatoid/complications , Autoantibodies , Blood Sedimentation , Peptides, Cyclic , Retrospective Studies , Rheumatoid Factor , Tuberculosis/epidemiologyABSTRACT
The transthoracic echocardiography(TTE)plays a critical role in the diagnosis and evaluation of pediatric hypertrophic cardiomyopathy(HCM),and is currently recognized as the first choice in investigation of HCM. Comprehensive TTE is recommended in all children suspected with HCM. To meet the criteria of diagnosis of HCM,the left ventricular wall thickness at any or more segments of left ventricular myocardium should be greater than the predicted mean plus two standard deviations. In the meanwhile,other diseases,such as hypertension,valvular diseases and aortic diseases,which could contribute to increased cardiac load,should be excluded. Besides the measurement of the thickness of the hypertrophic ventricular wall,we should also pay attention to the description of myocardial morphology,myocardial echo intensity,uniformity,and outflow tract obstruction. It is also necessary to assess ventricular size and general systolic and diastolic function,and apply advanced techniques to evaluate myocardial function in order to fully assess the state of the disease or to make differential diagnosis. In addition,echocardiography also has a wide range of application prospects in the treatment of HCM.
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Objective To establish a scientific, operational monitoring and early warning index system for schistosomiasis, so as to provide scientific evidence for promoting the scientification and standardization of early warning system in Poyang Lake Eco-economic Region. Methods Two rounds of Delphi experts’ interviews were applied to construct Index system. The weight value of each indicator was determined by the Analytic Hierarchy process and improvable proportionate allocation method. Reliability, validity of index system and the rationality of index weight distribution can be evaluated in site investigation. Results The Index system included 3 first-order indicators, 9 second-order indicators, and 35 third-order indicators. The 3 first-order indicators were endemic status, environmental and social factors, control measures, with the weight value of 0.531 0, 0.101 5 and 0.367 5, respectively. For the 9 second-order indicators, the highest weight value was for Infection status of human and livestock (0.179 5)and the lowest for social factors(0.050 6). During site investigation, the Cronbach’s alpha and spit half reliability of the total index system and three first-order indicators were all over 0.90, the Kendall W coefficient for the data collected in site investigation and Delphi consultation was 0.742 (P=0.018). Conclusions The Monitoring and Early Warning Index System for Schistosomiasis is suitable for the infection status of Poyang Lake Eco-economic region. The reliability and validity of index system are satisfactory, and the indicator weight distribution is rational.
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A retrospective study was performed in drug-induced liver injury(DILI) cases associated with Dictamni Cortex(Baixianpi,BXP) Preparations,which were treated at grade Ⅲ class A liver disease hospitals from 2008 to 2016 and spontaneously reported for adverse reactions between 2012 and 2016 at HILI Cloud(hilicloud.net). The results showed 25 DLII cases associated with BXP Preparations treated at grade Ⅲ class A liver disease hospitals during the 9 years,including only 14 cases in line with the clinical diagnostic criteria of Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Herb-Induced Liver Injury. And 74 DILI cases associated with BXP Preparations spontaneously reports adverse reactions,and 18. 92% of them had unreasonable medication,including polypharmacy(21. 43%),overdose(28. 57%) and repeated dosage(50%). And 47 DILI cases used BXP Preparations to treat psoriasis and vitiligo(a total of59. 57%). The time range of taking BXP Preparations until liver injury occurred was 1-366 d,with the median of 18 d. The dose of BXP Preparations was estimated to be 0. 09-12 g·d-1. And the cumulative dosage of taking drugs until liver injury occurred was 1. 1-336 g. Obvious associations with time-toxicity as well as quantity-toxicity could not be found based on the wide range of time-toxicity relations and quantity-toxicity relations. On the basis of the study,we found that DILI cases associated with BXP Preparations commonly occurred in patients with immune diseases,such as psoriasis and vitiligo,indicating specific individual differences. The results suggested that DILI cases associated with BXP Preparations would be correlated with the property of idiosyncratic drug-induced liver injury. In conclusion,the risk of liver injury clinically caused by BXP Preparations should be paid more attention,and the studies on the mechanism of idiosyncratic drug-induced liver injury must be enhanced,and those on risk factors,like irrational drug use,should be strengthened. Moreover,the evaluation of the risk-to-benefit ratio is supposed to be performed for the sake of improving the risk prevention and control standards for BXP preparations,and ensuring safe and rational clinical application of BXP Preparations.
Subject(s)
Humans , Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury , Epidemiology , China , Dictamnus , Chemistry , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Liver , Retrospective Studies , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE To investigate toll-like receptor 4(TLR4)-related the regulation of Ornithog-alum caudatum extract(OCE)on inflammatory responses in lipopolysaccharide(LPS)activated macro-phages.METHODS Primary peritoneal macrophage,Raw 264.7,and THP-1 were incubated in 96-well plate for 24 h and treated with OCE of the concentration of 0-400 μg/ml for 4h.The viability of cells was measured by MTT assay.Specific concentrations of OCE were added into the medium of primary peri-toneal macrophage, Raw 264.7, and THP-1, respectively, then following with lipopolysaccharides (LPS). Cells were harvested and the total cellular protein and nuclear protein were extracted, and the protein content was determined using BCA protein assay Kit.The expressions of TLR4,inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS),cyclooxygenase 2(COX-2),α-inhibitor of NF-κB(IκB-α)and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB)were assayed by Western blot.The expressions of interleukin-1α(IL-1α),interleukin-1β(IL-1β), interleukin-18(IL-18),and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)were measured by RT-PCR.RESULTS The results of MTT showed that OCE has no cytotoxicity in Raw 264.7 cells between 1.56 μg/ml and 400 μg/ml. Compared with normal group,the expressions of TLR4,iNOS,COX-2,NF-κB and IL-1α,IL-1β,IL-18, TNF-α,the level of nitric oxide(NO)were significantly increased by LPS stimulation,while OCE pretreat-ment reduced these increase induced by LPS. However, OCE pretreatment reversed the reduction of IκB-α after LPS stimulation.CONCLUSION OCE might suppress TLR4 expression and block the inflamma-tion process of NF-κB and iNOS,further decrease the expression of COX-2 and inhibit the release of inflammatory factors.
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BACKGROUND: Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting technology has a huge potential in the tissue engineering field, which is expected to create simple tissue/organ analogues with good biological histocompatibility and biological functions by using living cells and biomaterials. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the characteristics of 3D bioprinting technology and all kinds of biomaterials, and to explore its application in the preparation of tissues/organs analogues. METHODS: Relevant articles published from 1998 to 2017 were searched in PubMed, Web of Science, MEDLINE, and WanFang databases. The keywords were "3D bioprinting, 3D bioprinting technology, biomaterial, tissue engineering" in English and Chinese, respectively. A total of 88 articles were initially searched and 47 eligible articles were finally reviewed in accordance with the inclusion and exclusion criteria. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: 3D bioprinting techniques mainly include inkjet technique (thermal inkjet and piezoelectric inkjet), pressure-assisted technique, laser-assisted technique, and stereolithography technique (single-photon-based and two-photon-based). The bio-ink consists of living cells, natural polymers and synthetic polymers. 3D bioprinting has exhibited a huge potential in the manufacture of living cell-containing tissue/organ analogues. Despite the fact that it has been widely studied, currently used 3D bioprinting techniques can only be used to prepare relatively simple structures with simple biological functions. Research on the specific tissue/organ analogues with living cells are still in its infancy.
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Variant pulmonary vein anatomy (PVA) has been reported to influence the recurrence of atrial fibrillation (AF) after radiofrequency ablation.However,the effects of PVA on AF in patients undergoing cryoballoon ablation (CBA) remain unknown.The present study aimed to examine the impact of PVA on the long-term outcome of CBA for AF.A total of 78 patients (mean age 60.7±10.9 years,64.1％ males) with symptomatic and drug-refractory paroxysmal AF were enrolled in the study.Left atrium (LA) and PVA acquired at computed tomography angiography (CTA) were reconstructed with CARTO(R) 3 SYSTEM.Patients were routinely evaluated by 24-hour Holter monitoring following CBA.Cox regression was used to detect the predictors of AF recurrence after CBA.The results showed abnormal PVA in 30 patients (38.5％) and 18 patients (23.1％) had left common PV (LCPV).Electrical pulmonary vein isolation was achieved in all patients.After a mean follow-up of 689.5±103.8 days,it was found that patients with abnormal PVA had similar AF recurrence rate to those with normal PVA (26.7％ vs.25.0％,P=0.54),and there was no significant difference in AF recurrence rate between LCPV patients and non-LCPV patients (33.7％ vs.23.3％,P=0.29).Cox regression analysis showed that AF duration (72.9±9.0 vs.42.3±43.2 months,HR 1.001;95％CI 1.003-1.014;P＜0.001) and cryo-applications of right-side PVs (3.0±1.6 vs.4.7±1.7,HR 0.661;95％ CI 0.473-0.925;P=0.016) were independent predictors of freedom from AF,but PVA was not identified as a predictor of long-term success.In conclusion,the variant PVA cannot significantly influence the long-term outcome of AF patients undergoing CBA;longer AF duration and less cryo-applications of right-side PVs are associated with higher AF recurrent rate.
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Variant pulmonary vein anatomy (PVA) has been reported to influence the recurrence of atrial fibrillation (AF) after radiofrequency ablation.However,the effects of PVA on AF in patients undergoing cryoballoon ablation (CBA) remain unknown.The present study aimed to examine the impact of PVA on the long-term outcome of CBA for AF.A total of 78 patients (mean age 60.7±10.9 years,64.1％ males) with symptomatic and drug-refractory paroxysmal AF were enrolled in the study.Left atrium (LA) and PVA acquired at computed tomography angiography (CTA) were reconstructed with CARTO(R) 3 SYSTEM.Patients were routinely evaluated by 24-hour Holter monitoring following CBA.Cox regression was used to detect the predictors of AF recurrence after CBA.The results showed abnormal PVA in 30 patients (38.5％) and 18 patients (23.1％) had left common PV (LCPV).Electrical pulmonary vein isolation was achieved in all patients.After a mean follow-up of 689.5±103.8 days,it was found that patients with abnormal PVA had similar AF recurrence rate to those with normal PVA (26.7％ vs.25.0％,P=0.54),and there was no significant difference in AF recurrence rate between LCPV patients and non-LCPV patients (33.7％ vs.23.3％,P=0.29).Cox regression analysis showed that AF duration (72.9±9.0 vs.42.3±43.2 months,HR 1.001;95％CI 1.003-1.014;P＜0.001) and cryo-applications of right-side PVs (3.0±1.6 vs.4.7±1.7,HR 0.661;95％ CI 0.473-0.925;P=0.016) were independent predictors of freedom from AF,but PVA was not identified as a predictor of long-term success.In conclusion,the variant PVA cannot significantly influence the long-term outcome of AF patients undergoing CBA;longer AF duration and less cryo-applications of right-side PVs are associated with higher AF recurrent rate.
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Objective To analyze the application of dexmedetomidine in intracranial arterial stenting and its influence on the serum myocardial enzyme ,cardiac troponin I(cTnI) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Methods From March 2015 to March 2017,94 cases with intracranial arterial stenting in the People's Hospital of Lishui were divided into control group and observation group by the random number table method ,with 47 cases in each group.The control group was treated with conventional anesthesia ,the observation group was treated with dexme-detomidine.The enzyme creatine phosphate kinase isoenzyme (CK -MB),creatine phosphate kinase (CK),cTnI, LVEF,inflammatory factor, neural function, brain oxygen metabolism and complications in the two groups were compared.Results After surgery,the CK-MB,CK,cTnI levels of the observation group were lower than those of the control group[(35.27 ±4.41) U/L,(488.30 ±61.03) U/L,(3.85 ±0.49) μg/L vs.(46.40 ±5.79) U/L, (611.21 ±76.40)U/L,(4.72 ±0.59)μg/L],the LVEF of the observation group was higher than that of the control group[(45.60 ±5.72)%vs.(43.12 ±5.39)%],the differences were statistically significant (t＝10.484,8.619, 7.777,2.163,all P＜0.05).The interleukin -6(IL-6) and interleukin -8(IL-8),tumor necrosis factor -α (TNF-α),S-100β,specificity enolization enzyme(NSE),cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen(ERO2),arterial blood oxygen saturation(PaO2),carotid venous blood oxygen saturation (SjvO2) of the observation group were better than those of the control group(t＝5.794,6.177,15.065,6.964,5.606,3.147,2.116,2.807,all P＜0.05).The inci-dence rate of complication of the observation group was lower than that of the control group (χ2＝17.091,P＜0.05). Conclusion Application of dexmedetomidine in intracranial arterial stenting can protect myocardium , inhibit the serum levels of myocardial enzyme ,cTnI rise,and is conducive to the recovery of LVEF.
ABSTRACT
Seven aromatic glycosides (1-7), including four phenylethanol glycosides, one phenylmethanol glycoside, one phenylpropane glycoside and one benzoside, were isolated from the methanolic extract of Uighur Medicine Elaeagnus angustifolia flowers. Their structures were elucidated based on the analysis of spectroscopic data (1D, 2D NMR and HR-MS). Compound 1 is a new compound, named as angustifol A. Six known compounds were identified as 2-phenylethyl-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(2), salidroside (3), vanillic acid 4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(4), vanilloloside (5), (Z)-isoconiferin (6), 2-phenylethyl-6-O-α-L-arabinofuranosyl-β-D-glucopyranoside (7). Compounds 2-7 were isolated from the genus Elaeagnus for the first time. In vitro anti-inflammatory assays revealed that none of these compounds showed good COX inhibitory activities.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>This study aimed to investigate the genetic background of mitochondrial genes in young patients with Coronary heart disease (CHD) to provide a foundation for the early prevention of young patients with CHD.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>115 cases of young (⋜ 45 years) CHD Chinese Han patients (case group), 100 cases of older (> 45 years) Chinese Han CHD patients (experimental group) hospitalized and 100 cases of healthy people through physical examination (control group) at the General Hospital of PLA between January 2014 and December 2015 were selected. General information, clinical assessment, pedigree analysis, and mitochondrial full sequence scanning were performed. The pedigrees of one patient harbouring the C5263T mutation were recruited. Mitochondrial functional analysis including cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were performed on pedigrees with the C5263T mutation (mutation group) and without the mutation (non-mutation group).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The differences in biochemical tests (P > 0.05) between the case group and experimental group were not significant. The C5263T single-nucleotide mutation of the mitochondrial ND2 gene was observed in 2 young CHD patients in the case group. The premature CHD of these 2 patients followed a pattern of maternal inheritance. The mutation group (I1, II2) had higher ROS levels (4750.82 ± 1045.55 vs. 3888.58 ± 487.60, P = 0.022) and lower MMP levels (P = 0.045) than the non-mutation group (II1, III1, III2).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>We speculated that the mitochondrial C5263T mutation might be associated with the occurrence CHD in Chinese Han young people.</p>