Value of aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index, fibrosis-4, and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase-to-platelet ratio in diagnosis of liver inflammation grade in patients with chronic hepatitis B / 临床肝胆病杂志

ObjectiveTo investigate the value of aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index (APRI), fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) score, and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase-to-platelet ratio (GPR) in diagnosis of liver inflammation grade in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). MethodsA total of 545 patients with CHB who underwent percutaneous liver biopsy and routine laboratory examinations during hospitalization in Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center Affiliated to Fudan University from October 2016 to October 2019 were enrolled. Inflammation grade (G) was determined according to the Scheuer scoring system, and APRI, FIB-4, and GPR were calculated based on related clinical indicators. The t-test was used for comparison of normally distributed continuous data between two groups, and the Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of non-normally distributed continuous data between two groups; the chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between two groups. A Spearman correlation analysis was used to investigate the correlation between two variables. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic performance of the three serum noninvasive diagnostic models in determining liver inflammation grade, and the Delong test was used for comparison of the area under the ROC curve (AUC). ResultsAmong the 545 patients, 224 had grade G0-1 liver inflammation, 209 had grade G2 liver inflammation, and 112 had grade G3 liver inflammation. The Spearman correlation analysis showed that APRI, FIB-4, and GPR were positively correlated with liver inflammation grade (r=0.611, 0.470, and 0.563, all P＜0.001). APRI, FIB-4, and GPR had an AUC of 0.820, 0.719, and 0782, respectively, in the diagnosis of G≥2 liver inflammation, with optimal cut-off values of 0.53, 1.48, and 0.20, respectively; for the diagnosis of G≥2 liver inflammation, GPR had a better performance than FIB-4 (P=0.01) and a slightly lower performance than APRI (P=0.048). The stratified analysis based on alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level showed that in the ≤1×upper limit of normal (ULN) group, the (1-2)×ULN group, and the (2-5)×ULN group, APRI had an AUC of 0.847, 0.786, and 0.724, respectively, in the diagnosis of G≥2 liver inflammation, FIB-4 had an AUC of 0.777, 0.729, and 0.626, respectively, and GPR had an AUC of 0.801, 0.781, and 0.607, respectively; the subgroup analysis showed that GPR had a similar diagnostic performance to APRI and FIB-4 in all ALT stratification groups except the (2-5)×ULN group, in which GPR had a lower diagnostic performance than APRI (P=0.042). APRI, FIB-4, and GPR had an AUC of 0.791, 0.725, and 0.801, respectively, in the diagnosis of G≥3 liver inflammation, with optimal cut-off values of 0.66, 1.49, and 0.25, respectively; in the diagnosis of G≥3 liver inflammation, GPR had a similar diagnostic performance to APRI and a better diagnostic performance than FIB-4 (P=0.006). The stratified analysis based on ALT level showed that in the ≤1×ULN group, the (1-2)×ULN group, and the (2-5)×ULN group, APRI had an AUC of 0.900, 0.742, and 0.693, respectively, in the diagnosis of G≥3 liver inflammation, FIB-4 had an AUC of 0.874, 0.683, and 0.644, respectively, and GPR had an AUC of 0.890, 0.805, and 0.668, respectively. The subgroup analysis showed that GPR had a similar diagnostic performance to APRI and FIB-4 in all ALT stratification groups except the (1-2)×ULN group, in which GPR had a better diagnostic performance than FIB-4(P=0.015). ConclusionAPRI, FIB-4, and GPR may accurately diagnose liver inflammation grade in CHB patients, which helps to monitor the progression of CHB and determine the timing of antiviral therapy.

Comparison of efficacy between nasogastric tube and nasojejunal tube enteral nutrition at the early stage of patients with moderately severe acute pancreatitis / 中华消化杂志

Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy, safety and tolerance of different enteral nutritional therapy in the treatment of moderately severe acute pancreatitis (MSAP).Methods:From January 2018 to January 2019, 65 patients with MSAP who were hospitalized in Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University were prospectively enrolled. According to random number table, the patients were divided into the nasogastric tube enteral nutrition (NGEN) group (35 cases) and the nasojejunal tube enteral nutrition (NJEN) group (30 cases). All the patients received enteral nutrition solution through continuously pumping at a constant speed for 24 h. The two groups were compared in the relief time of abdominal pain, time from admission to receiving enteral nutrition treatment, time to resume oral feeding, computed tomography severity index (CTSI) score 1 week after enteral nutrition, nutrition status, infection parameters, hospitalization time, hospitalization expenses and complications. Independent sample t test and rank sum test of two independent samples were used for statistical analysis. Results:There were no significant differences in age, gender, body mass index (BMI), CTSI score and Ranson score at admission, relief time of abdominal pain, time from admission to receiving enteral nutrition treatment, time to resume oral feeding, CTSI score one week after enteral nutrition or hospitalization time between NGEN group and NJEN group (all P>0.05), and there was no death in both groups. The cost of hospitalization, catheterization time, cost of catheterization of NGEN group were all lower than those of NJEN group ((40.0±10.0) thousand yuan vs. (40.4±9.0) thousand yuan; 2.00 min (1.50 min, 2.50 min) vs. 11.50 min (9.50 min, 12.75 min); 135.42 yuan (135.42 yuan, 135.42 yuan) vs. 1 313.30 yuan (1231.20 yuan, 1 823.72 yuan)), and the differences were statistically significant ( t=2.342, Z=6.737 and 7.687, all P<0.01). The albumin levels of MSAP patients of the NGEN group at admission and 1 week after enteral nutrition were both higher than those of NJEN group ((43.5±5.1) g/L vs. (41.0±4.0) g/L, (42.1±4.1) g/L vs. (39.5±4.4) g/L), and the differences were statistically significant ( t=2.135 and 2.486, P=0.04 and 0.02), however there was no statistically significant difference in the decrease of albumin level between the two groups ( P>0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in the incidence of nutrition-related complications (abdominal distension, diarrhea, gastric retention and lumen obstruction) or the incidence of severe complications (transient organ failure and pancreatic necrosis complicated with infection) between NGEN group and NJEN group (all P>0.05). Conclusions:The efficacy and safety of NGEN are equivalent to NJEN in MSAP. Moreover, it can reduce the medical expenses of patients, and it is convenient to carry out in primary hospitals because of its easy operation.

Prediction of hepatic fibrosis by FibroScan and serum markers in chronic hepatitis B patients with mildly elevated alanine transaminase levels / 中华传染病杂志

Objective To assess the diagnostic performance of liver stiffness measurement(LSM)and serum markers on hepatic fibrosis in chronic hepatitis B(CHB)patients with alanine aminotransferase(ALT)less than or equal to two times the upper limit of normal(≤2×ULN).Methods A total of 284 CHB patients with ALT≤2×ULN who were treated in Department of Hepatobiliary Medicine,Public Health Clinical Center,Shanghai from October 2015 to December 2017 were analyzed.FibroScan,routine blood tests and serum fibrosis markers were conducted on the day or one day before liver biopsy.The Scheuer scoring system was used for liver histologic assessment.Aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ration index(APRI)and FIB-4 were calculated.Based on the results of liver pathology,the area under receiver operating characteristic curve(AUROC)was used to evaluate the value of LSM and serum markers in the diagnosis of liver fibrosis stage.Non-normal distribution variables were expressed as M(QR)as appropriate,and compared by analysis of Kruskal-Wallis test as appropriate.The correlation between two variables was analyzed by Spearman correlation analysis.Results Of 284 CHB patients,175 were male and 109 were female.For inflammatory grading,175 cases were G1 grade,88 cases were G2,and 21 cases were G3.For fibrosis grading,153 cases were S1,53 cases were S2,34 cases were S3,and 44 cases were S4.Spearman correlation analysis showed that LSM,APRI and FIB-4 were positively correlated with hepatic fibrosis stage(r=0.650,0.484,and 0.317,respectively,all P<0.01).The AUC of LSM for predicting fibrosis≥S2,≥S3,and S4 were 0.840,0.902,and 0.942,respectively.The cut-off of LSM values were 6.10,8.40,and 10.10 kPa,respectively.The values of AUC of APRI and FIB-4 for predicting fibrosis≥S2 were 0.755 and 0.638,respectively,those for predicting fibrosis≥S3 were 0.737 and 0.657,respectively,and those for S4 were 0.804 and 0.694,respectively.The AUCs of LSM for predicting fibrosis≥S2 in patients with ALT≤1×ULN and those with ALT>1 -≤2×ULN were 0.857 and 0.813,respectively,those for fibrosis≥S3 were 0.890 and 0.892,respectively,and those for S4 were 0.925 and 0.908,respectively.The cut-off of LSM were 5.90 and 7.80 kPa,8.10 and 9.50 kPa,8.40 and 10.40 kPa,respectively.Conclusions LSM could accurately assess the degree of liver fibrosis in CHB patients with ALT≤2×ULN,which is superior to serum markers for predicting liver fibrosis stage.

Immune function regulation by bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in rats undergoing heart transplantation / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:Heart transplantation is an effective method for treatment of end-stage heart failure, but immune rejection that seriously impact therapeutic effacicy is easy to occur after transplantation. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the regulatory effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s on the immune function of rats undergoiong heart transplantation. METHODS:Twenty Lewis rats were enrol ed as donors, and 20 Wistar rats as recipients. Heart transplantation models were established in the Wistar rats. These 20 model rats were randomized into cel transplantation and control group with 10 rats in each group. Forty-eight hours after heart transplantation, rats in the cel transplantation group were given bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel suspension (1 mL, 2×108 cel s/L) via the tail vein, while rats in the control group were given normal saline in the same dose. Then, the expression levels of serum interleukin-2, interleukin-10 and percentage of CD4+, CD8+, CD4+/CD8+, CD4+CD25high, CD4+CD25high Foxp3+T cel s in the venous blood were detected in the two groups at 7 days after cel transplantation. Additional y, rat myocardial tissues were taken and observed pathological y. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The survival time of the cel transplantation group was significantly longer than that of the control group (P0.05), but the level of interleukin-10 in the cel transplantation group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the percentage of CD4+/CD8+, CD4+CD25high, CD4+CD25high Foxp3+and CD4+T cel s was significantly higher, and the percentage of CD8+T cel s was significantly lower in the cel transplantation group (P<0.05). Histopathological findings showed that there were a smal amount of infiltrated lymphocytes in the cel transplantation group with the presence of slight bleeding and edema, and these inflammatory reactions were milder than those in the control group. These findings indicate that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel transplantation can effectively reduce the rejection in rats undergoing heart transplantation.

Expression of SFRP4 and DKK1 in cervical squamous cell carcinoma and the clinicopathological implications / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the expression of SFRP4 and DKK1 in cervical squamous cell carcinoma and explore the clinicopathological implications.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Immunohistochemistry and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were used to detect the expressions of SFRP4 and DKK1 in 66 cervical squamous cell carcinoma and 26 normal cervical specimens.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>SFRP4 expression was significantly higher (P<0.01) and DKK1 expression was significantly lower (P<0.05) in the carcinoma tissues than in normal cervical tissues. DKK1 was negatively correlated with SFRP4 in the carcinoma tissues (P<0.01), and their expressions were associated with the clinical stages, tumor differentiation, depth of invasion and lymph node metastasis of the tumors (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>SFRP4 and DKK1, the upstream components of the Wnt pathway, play a key role in the tumorigenesis of cervical squamous cell carcinoma, and their expressions are associated with the clinicopathological features of the malignancy.</p>

Clinical Observafion of Simvastatin Combining Ezetimibe for Treating the Patients of Acute Coronary Syndrome With Impaired Glucose Tolerance / 中国循环杂志

Objective: To observe the inlfuence of simvastatin combining ezetimibe on blood levels of glucose and lipids in patients of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). Methods: A total of 316 patients with ACS and IGT were randomly divided into 2 groups: Treatment group, the patients received simvastatin 20 mg/day with ezetimibe 10 mg/day,n=160 and Control group, the patients received simvastatin 20 mg/day,n=156. All patients were treated for 24 months. Blood levels of total cholesterol (TC) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were observed at 6, 12 and 24 months of medication; fasting blood glucose (FBG), 2 hour postprandial blood glucose (2hPG), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and the number of patients with new onset diabetes were examined at 6 days and 12, 24 months of medication. Results:①In Treatment group, at 6 months of medication, blood levels of TC (mmol/L) and LDL-C (mmol/L) were (3.5 ± 0.5) and (2.1 ± 0.4) which were both lower than baseline levels (5.2±1.2) and (3.5±0.5),P0.05; HbA1c at 12 and 24 months were similar to baseline,P>0.05; 2hPG (mmol/L) level at 24 months was higher than 6 days (9.5 ± 1.1) vs (8.7 ± 1.0),P0.05. Conclusion: Ezetimibe combining simvastatin may better reduce blood lipids, while it had no real effect on blood glucose metabolism in patients with ACS and IGT.

Comparative Study of Rivaroxaban and Warfarin for Treating the Patients With Left Ventricular Thrombus / 中国循环杂志

Objective: To compare the safety and efifcacy of rivaroxaban and warfarin for treating the patients with left ventricular thrombus. Methods: A total of 31 patients with left ventricular thrombus were studied, the patients were randomly divided into 2 groups:Warfarin group, n=16, the patients initially received oral warfarin and low molecular weight heparin at (2.5-3) mg/day, when the INR value reached 2.0-3.0, heparin was stopped and warfarin was continued, the INR value was monitored every 3 days for 3 times, when INR value was stably kept at 2.0-3.0, it was then monitored for every 2 weeks. Rivaroxaban group,n=15, the patients received oral rivaroxaban at 10 mg twice a day. All patients were followed-up for 3 months, the thrombus remission time, new onset of thrombosis, embolism and bleeding events during treatment period were compared between 2 groups. Results: The patients’ age, gender, complication, size of thrombus and medication were similar between 2 groups. Compared with Warfarin group, Rivaroxaban group had the shorter thrombus remission time, (60.00±5.50)d vs (71.00±8.50) d,P0.05. Conclusion: Rivaroxaban had better effect than warfarin for treating the patients with left ventricular thrombus without increasing the risk of bleeding.

Application of comfort care in loop electrosurgical excision procedure in treatment of chronic cervicitis / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To explore the application of comfort care in loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) in treatment of chronic cervicitis.Methods 130 patients who used LEEP to treat chronic cervicitis were collected from June to December 2011 in our Hospital,then they were randomly divided into the observation group (68 cases) and the control group (62 cases).The observation group used comfort care and the control group used general nursing.The effects of care,operation time,bleeding volume,anxiety and pain degree of the two groups were compared.Results The effect of care in the observation group was superior to the control group.Compared with the control group,the operation time was shortened,the amount of bleeding was decreased,the degree of anxiety and pain was obviously relieved.Conclusions Comfort care can improve the degree of comfort of the patients who used LEEP to treat chronic cervicitis,and is conducive to the rehabilitation of the disease.

The Expression and Clinical Significance of DKK1, SFRP4 and Wnt1 in Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma / 天津医药

Objective To investigate the expressions of DKK1,SFRP4 and Wnt1 in cervical squamous cell carcino-ma(SCC), and the clinical significance thereof. Methods There were 76 samples of cervical squamous cell carcinoma were included in SCC group and 36 benign uterine resection specimens were control group (NC). The immunohistochemical meth-od was applied to detect the expressions of DKK1,SFRP4 and Wnt1 in two groups. Results The expression of DKK1 was significantly lower in SCC group than that in NC group (P＜0.05). The expression levels of SFRP4 and Wnt1 were significant-ly higher in SCC group than those of NC group (P＜0.05). There were significant differences in the expressions of DKK1, SFRP4 and Wnt1 between samples of different clinical staging, differentiation, sizes of tumor and lymph node metastasis (P＜0.05). The expression of DKK1 was negatively correlated with SFRP4 and Wnt1 in SCC group (P＜0.05). The expression of SFRP4 was positively correlated with Wnt1 in SCC group (P＜0.05). Conclusion The roles of SFRP4 and Wnt1 are syn-ergistic interactions in the development of SCC. DKK1 is an inhibiting factor of SCC.

A RCT study on oral lidocaine plasmagel on improvement of the postoperative odynophagia in patients receiving trans-oesophageal echocardiography examination for cardiac surgery / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of oral lidocaine plasmagel on the postoperative odynophagia in patients receiving trans-oesophageal echocardiography (TEE) examination for cardiac surgery.Methods Sixty patients for cardiac surgery were divided randomly into the control group (C group) and the oral lidocaine plasmagel group (L group) with 30 cases in each group.Patients in L group received 2％ oral lidocaine plasmagel 20 ml before anesthesia,while C group did not.The incidence of postoperative odynophagia was compared between two groups.Results Postoperative odynophagia pain score were significantly higher in C Group than that in L Group.Conclusions Oral lidocaine plasmagel can alleviate the postoperative odynophagia in patients receiving trans-oesophageal echocardiography examination for cardiac surgery.

Biological characteristics of tendon and performance evaluation of repair materials for tendon defects / 中国组织工程研究

OBJECTIVE: To explore the biological characteristics of tendon and performance of repair materials for tendon defects. METHODS: CNKI and Medline database were retrieved by computer for papers published between 1985 and 2009. Literature concerning biological characteristics and performance of repair materials for tendon defects were selected. Meta analysis, irrespective papers or repetitiveness studies were excluded. Totally 29 papers were included after screening and evaluating including 16 in Chinese and 13 in English. The biological characteristics of tendon and performance of repair materials were summarized.RESULTS: Nutrition for tendon mainly supplied by blood, and the tendon fatigue would be occurred with repeatability loads. Compared to other tissue-engineered materials, tendon possesses self-repair ability. The biological characteristics of tendon was closely associated with collagen fiber, which exhibited similar stress-strain curves, namely, characteristics of viscoelasticity body--hysteresis, creep and stress relaxation. Currently, main repair materials for tendon defects comprised autogenous tendons, allogeneic tendon, artificial tendon and tissue engineered tendon.CONCLUSION: Many materials can be used in tendon repair with distinct advantage and disadvantage; however, there is not an ideal repair method. With the development of tissue and gene engineering, the optimal substitute for tendon would be prepared.

Comparison of two gastric tube insertion methods in patients undergoing computed tomographic virtual endoscopy / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To compare the different effect of two gastric tube insertion methods in pa-dents undergoing computed tomographic virtual endoscopy. Methods 56 patients undergoing computed tomographic virtual endoscopy were randomly divided into group A and B according to gastric tube insertion methods, group A inserted gastric tube to descending duodenum by gastroscope, group B inserted by Jag precursor via nose. One- time success rate and the incidence rate of side effect were compared between the two groups. X2 test was adopted. Results One- time success rate of group A and B was 33.3%, 82.9% respectively, with obvious statistic difference. The incidence rate of side effect of group A was higher than that of group B. Conclusions Inserting gastric tube to descending duodenum by Jag precursor via nose is convenient, time- saving, causing less pain and resulting in higher success rate.

Effect of organic solvent on production of organic acids from municipal sludge / 生物工程学报

Organic acids are important chemicals. Municipal sludge can be reused by anaerobic fermentation, from which organic acids could be obtained with liquid-liquid extraction and useful substances be produced. Based on the determination of optimum organic solvent and extractant, it effect on production of volatile fatty acid (VFA) from municipal sludge was investigated in this research. The results showed that the proper organic solvent and extractant were sulfonated kerosene and trialkyl phosphine oxide. And, the VFA production was improved by a slight amount of sulfonated kerosene.

The application of nursing intervention in the prevention of psychiatric disorder in patients after coronary artery bypass grafting / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To discuss the effeet of nursing intervention in the prevention of psychiatric disorder in patients after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Methods Patients with CABG(202 cases) were divided into the control group (100 cases) and the intervention group (102 cases).The control group received routine treatment and nursing while the intervention group was given systemic nursing intervention.The mental status was evaluated by mini-mental status examination (MMSE). Results The incidence of psychiatric disorder in the intervention group was 4 cases (3.92%),which was statistically lower than those in the control group(16 cases,16.00%). Conclusions Effective nursing intervention combined with effective treatment could prevent and control the psychiatric disorder of patients after CABG.

Clinical effect study of magensium sulfate on the intestine preparation before colonoscopy examination / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective We discussed the optimal method for intestinal preparation before colonoscopy examination in order to increase the success rate of intestinal examination and reduce the incidence of adverse effect. Methods We divided 120 patients who were to undergo colonoscopy examination into group A, B and C with 40 cases in each group. Group A received oral magensium sulfate 100ml and 6000ml water after that on the morning of the examination. Group B received oral magensium sulfate 50ml and 2000ml in the evening before the examination, oral magensium sulfate 50ml and 400ml water on the morning of the examination. Group C was given oral magensium sulfate 100ml and 4000～5000 water at the same time. Group A and B took part in appropriate activity and were given health education. The effect of intestinal preparation was compared between the three groups. Results The cleaning degree of group B was better than those of the other two groups (P<0.05). The adverse effect of group B was less than that of group C (P<0.01). Conclusions Oral intake of magensium sulfate in the evening before and on the morning of the examination for intestinal preparation could increase the cleaning degree of intestine, facilitate the observation of disease part and lessen adverse effect. It gave satisfying examination results and made patients satisfied.

Effects of relaxed music therapy on pain of patients undergoing colonoscopy / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To study the effect of listening to music with headphone or background music on pain reduction of patients undergoing colonoscopy. Methods 180 patients undergoing colonoscopy were randondy selected as the headphone group,background music group and the control group.The headphone group listened to relaxed music with headphone after measurement of vital signs.The background music group listened to relaxed music played by CD after measurement of vital signs.The control group did not listen to music.Pain degree was measured by pain intensity number scale during colonoscopy.Heart rate,blood pressure,saturation of blood oxygen and appraisal to the music by the former two groups were observed.Results Pain degree of the headphone group and the background music group was lower than that of the control group(P＜0.05).Pain degree of the headphone group was lower than that of the background music group with no significant difference(P＞0.05).Heart rate of the control group after colonoscopy was faster than before colonoscopy(P＜0.05).Conclusions Relaxed music can alleviate pain of patients undergoing colonoscopy.Listening to background music is a convenient and economical method for alleviation of pain without any side effects for patients undergoing colonoscopy.

Bioproduction of volatile fatty acids from excess municipal sludge by multistage countercurrent fermentation / 生物工程学报

A novel anaerobic fermentation process--multistage countercurrent fermentation was applied to improve the bioproduction of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) from excess municipal sludge. Results showed that the total VFAs concentration and the total VFAs yield reached (10.5 +/- 0.5) g/L and 0.20 gVFAs/gVS (Volatile solid) using this novel process. Comparing with the conventional anaerobic fermentation, the concentration and yield of total VFAs increased by 31% and by 54%, respectively. Moreover, removal ratio of organic solids also increased by 37% and it was 50% at the end of multistage countercurrent fermentation. We further investigated the mechanism of VFAs production. Results revealed that this novel process could reduce the inhibitory effect of VFAs on the acid-forming microorganisms, and the total VFAs yield and the removal ratio of organic solids respectively depended on the first stage and the third stage of this novel process. Therefore, the multistage countercurrent fermentation can efficiently improve the bioproduction of VFAs from excess municipal sludge, and relatively enhance the removal ratio of organic solids.

Isokinetic muscle strength test of flexion and extension muscle of knee joints in natural development boys / 中国组织工程研究

AIM: To study the development laws between isokinetic muscle strength and age increase via test flexion and extension muscle of knee joints in 216 ordinary juvenile boys aged from 9 to 20. METHODS: Kinitech isokinetic strength test was used to study the flexion and extension muscle of both sides’ knee joints at the speed of 60 (?)/s. RESULTS: The peak torque of muscles increased with the increasing ages, especially in extension muscles, which is bigger than flexion muscles (P 0.05). The ratio of flexion and extension muscles (F/E) decreased with age increasing, which a larger fluctuation during aged 9-13, especially obvious had decreased in 13-20 ages. CONCLUSION: The muscle strength and power all increases with the increasing ages, while the F/E value decrease in 9-20 boys, which demonstrates the flexion and extension muscle developed out of balance.

Application of ovarian transposition during hysterectomy / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the optimal position and method for ovarian transposition and its benefits and indications.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We performed ovarian transposition in 34 patients from August 1989 to December 2000. Twelve patients were diagnosed with stage Ib to IIa cervical cancer, 4 had stage Ia endometrial carcinoma, 12 had stage III to IV endometriosis, 4 had myoma of uterus, 1 had dysfunctional uterine bleeding, and 1 had an ovarian granulosa cell tumor. Surgery went as follows: the ovary was dissociated by clamp, the skin was incised and a tunnel was made, then the ovary was translocated to the subcutaneous site. In the cases of benign lesions, the ovarian vessel pedicel went in through the abdominal cavity, but in malignant tumors, it went out through the peritoneum.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In both cases (benign lesions or malignant tumors), the short-term and long-term endocrine function of the translocated ovary remained normal. Furthermore, patients could supervise their translocated ovary themselves.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Subcutaneous ovary transposition might prevent not only implantation of gastrointestinal cancer but also the extension of pelvic carcinoma to the ovary. Because of the shallow transposition and the incision scar, it is easy for patients to supervise themselves. Moreover, the site of the ovary is easy to locate for ultrasound examinations. Thus, it can obtain the goal of early prevention for cancer. Subcutaneous ovarian transposition with skin incision is the optimal selection and suitable for all patients with various gynecologic diseases in which ovary removal is not necessary.</p>

Expression and Significance of Telomerase Activity in Cervical Cancer / 中国医科大学学报

Objective: Our aim was to study the role of telomerase activation in the course of cervical carcinogenesis and progression.Methods:Telomeric repeat amplification protocol(TRAP) assay was used to measure telomerase activity in tissue samples with various cervical conditions:40 with cervical cancer, 50 with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia(CIN), 20 with normal cervice. Results:The positive rate of telomerase activity was 95.0%,44.0%, and 10.0% in cervical cancer, CIN, and normal cervices, respectively, which was significantly higher in cervical cancer than that in CIN and normal cervices, so was that in CIN than that in normal cervices (P<0.01) . The positive rate was 22.2%, 37.5%, and 75.0% in CINⅠ,Ⅱ, and Ⅲ, respectively, which was significantly higher in CINⅢ than that in CIN Ⅱand CINⅠ (P<0.01).Conclusion:Telomerase activation may relate to cervical carcinogenesis, which correlates well with the grade of cervical lesions.