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Objective:Explored the clinical application value of the current reference interval of serum creatinine (using the 2015 health industry standard) and the original reference interval (using the third edition of the clinical laboratory operating procedures).Methods:This paper is a retrospective study. The study collected 360 normal serum samples of the adults who visited the First Hospital of Hebei Medical University from February to April 2019 and,aged 20-79 years old (including 90 males aged 20-59, 90 females aged 20-59, 90 males aged 60-79, and 90 females aged 60-79). The concentration of cystatin C was determined in the above specimens, combined with the concentration of creatinine, and the results calculated by the Glomerular Filtration Rate Estimation Formula (eGFR) was used as the standard for judgment. In this study, the chi-square test was used to statistically analyze the agreement between the results of the new and old reference intervals of creatinine and the results calculated by the eGFR formula.Results:The total coincidence rate of Scr and eGFR in 360 adults aged 20-79 years was 83.40% in the current RI, and 77.00% in the original RI. The coincidence rate of the former was significantly higher than that of the latter ( P=0.03). The positive coincidence rate of Scr and eGFR (214 patients with eGFR positive) was 91.86% in current RI, 41.59% in the original RI, the coincidence rate of the former was significantly higher than that of the latter ( P<0.01). The negative coincidence rate of Scr and eGFR (146 patients with eGFR negative) was 74.66% in current RI, and 99.32% in original RI, the coincidence rate of the latter was significantly higher than that of the former ( P<0.01). Consistent results were shown in groups of males aged 20-59, females aged 20-59 and females aged 60-79. However, in the group of males aged 60-79 years, the total coincidence rate of Scr and eGFR was 75.56% in current RI, and 88.89% in original RI, the coincidence rate of the latter was significantly higher than that of the former ( P =0.01); positive coincidence rate of Scr and eGFR was 57.69% in current RI, and 98.08% in original RI, the coincidence rate of the latter was significantly higher than that of the former ( P<0.01); negative coincidence rate of Scr and eGFR was 100.0% in current RI, and 76.32% in original RI, the coincidence rate of the former was significantly higher than that of the latter ( P<0.01). Conclusions:The current reference interval is better than the original reference interval in screening for decreased glomerular filtration rate, and it is favorable for the early detection of patients with mildly decreased renal function. However, among males aged 60-79 years old, the accuracy of the current RI and the ability to screen for decreased glomerular filtration rate are inferior to the original RI, which needs to be further observed and studied.
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Objective:To explore the clinical significance of soluble interleukin 2 receptor(sIL-2R), interleukin-6(IL-6), interleukin-8(IL-8), interleukin-10(IL-10), tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), C-reactive protein(CRP) and procalcitonin(PCT) in the acute phase of severe Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia(MPP).Methods:A total of 301 children with pneumonia admitted to the pediatric ward of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University from September 2017 to December 2018 were selected and divided into severe MPP group(100 cases), mild MPP group(103 cases) and non MPP group(NMPP group, except for obvious bacterial infection, 98 cases were mainly mild viral infection). The serum levels of sIL-2R, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNF-α, CRP and PCT were measured.Results:The serum levels of IL-6, PCT, CRP, IL-8, TNF-α and sIL-2R in severe MPP group were higher than those in mild MPP group and NMPP group( P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the serum level of IL-10 among the three groups( P>0.05). Receiver operating characteristic curve of inflammatory factors in severe MPP group indicated that IL-6 had the highest specificity(77.1%) and TNF-α had the highest sensitivity(85.0%). In severe MPP group, IL-6, PCT and CRP were the three inflammatory indexes with the largest area under receiver operating characteristic curve.IL-6 and PCT, IL-6 and CRP, PCT and CRP were positively correlated( r=0.277, 0.361, 0.538, respectively, P<0.05). Conclusion:The levels of IL-6, PCT, CRP, IL-8, TNF-α and sIL-2R in serum are important for the diagnosis, treatment and course evaluation of severe MPP.
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OBJECTIVE:To determine the content of paeonol in Cynanchum paniculatum by three-dimensional fluorescence coupled with ATLD algorithm. METHODS:The trilinear model was established. The principle of least square was used for ATLD. The component value was fitted by core consistency diagnosis,and inner filter effect was corrected by mathematical correction method. Fluorescence scanning condition included excitation wavelength of 250-400 nm,emission wavelength of 410-600 nm, wavelength interval of 5 nm,slit width of 5.0/5.0 nm,scanning speed of 1200 nm/min. Determination and absorption spectrum condition included scanning wavelength of 250-600 nm,scanning speed of 600 nm/min;Al(Ⅲ)was used as the sensitizer to in-crease the fluorescence intensity of paeonol. The content of paeonol was determined by HPLC. RESULTS:The linear range of pae-onol was 0.132-1.188 μg/mL(r=0.9999). RSDs of precision,stability and reproducibility tests were less than 3.0%. The recover-ies were 100.1%-104.7%(RSD=2.39%,n=6). The analysis spectrum of paeonol was almost completely overlapped with the actu-al spectrum. The results of HPLC method are very similar to those of ATLD algorithm. CONCLUSIONS:The three-dimensional fluorescence coupled with ATLD algorithm is simple,rapid,efficient and accurate,and can be used for the qualitative and quantita-tive analysis of complex system.
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Objective To investigate the changes of superoxide dismutase (SOD),malondialdehyde (MDA),hypersensitive c-reactive protein (hsCRP)in the process of age changes,in longevity areas in China,and the relationship between the above three indicators and hypertension and diabetes.Methods Residents who participated in the project of biomedical research of aging population conducted in 2014 were selected from 8 longevity Areas in China.2 467 people aged 40 and over attended the study,including 22 aged 40 and over,249 aged 60 and over,521 aged 70 and over,679 aged 80 and over,548 aged 90 and over,448 aged 100 and over.Information,including socio-demographic,were collected by self-designed questionnaire.Calibra-ted instruments were used by the clinical personnel who had worked over 3 years to manually check subjects’heath.The fasting blood samples were collected by vacuum tube at early morning.The contents of plasma SOD,MDA,hsCRP and glu-cose were detected and compared among these elderly who were classified into different genders and different age groups.At the same time,compare the above three indicators of different subjects of hypertension,diabetes prevalence.Results In the groups aged 40 and over,60 and over,70 and over,80 and over,90 and over,100 and over,SOD were 55.55±8.82,54.49± 6.74,55.47±8.42,56.40±8.37,57.45±8.71 and 57.38±7.72 U/ml respectively in males,the difference between groups showed statistically significant (F =3.398,P <0.01)and 59.36± 10.98,56.08±7.98,57.41 ±8.54,57.38±8.18,59.16 ±7.71 and 57.90±8.66 U/ml respectively in females,the difference between groups showed statistically significant (F =2.667,P <0.01);MDA were 6.92±4.02,6.10±4.35,5.66±3.83,5.83±3.66,5.39±2.68 and 4.80±2.34 μmol/L re-spectively in males,the difference between groups were not statistically significant (F =2.198,P =0.052)and 8.93±8.20, 7.23±4.57,6.47±3.67,6.42±4.12,5.59±2.88 and 5.85±3.73 μmol/L respectively in females,the difference between groups showed statistically significant (F = 4.434,P < 0.01);positive rates of hsCRP were 11.8% (2/17),14.8% (26/176),19.3%(62/322),23.5%(77/327),26.1%(57/218)and 43.4%(33/76)respectively in males,the difference between groups showed statistically significant (χ2 =29.914,P <0.01)and 20.0%(1/5),16.4%(12/73),15.6%(31/199),20.7%(73/352),22.7%(75/330)and 28.0%(104/372)respectively in females,the difference between groups showed statistically significant (χ2 =14.078,P <0.01).In the groups of hypertension complicated with diabetes mellitus,hypertension,diabetes mellitus,non-diabetes hypertension SOD were 55.65±8.73,55.35±7.82,57.32±8.45 and 57.24±8.01 U/ml respective-ly,the difference between groups showed statistically significant (F = 3.694,P =0.011).MDA were 6.67 ±4.79,5.16 ± 2.70,6.01±3.87 and 5.66±3.15 μmol/L respectively,the difference between groups showed statistically significant (F =5.594,P =0.001);positive rates of hsCRP were 28.9%(54/187),29.5%(28/95),21.4%(275/1 288)and 21.2%(181/853)respectively the difference between groups showed statistically significant (F=8.749,P =0.033).Conclusion The re-sults indicated that the body had the ability to keep oxidation-antioxidant function stable in the process of aging.However, with the increase of age,the risk of cardiovascular disease was significantly increased,and it was more common for the aged suffering from inflammation.SODS,MDA,hsCRP are closely related to the occurrence of diabetes,high blood pressure,they were the reliable clinical indicators of oxidative stress degree.
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Objective To investigate glucose metabolism , insulin secretion and serum lipid in patients of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) with hypertension. Methods A total of 100 subjects including NAFLD with hypertension (n = 50) and NAFLD without hypertension (n = 50), in our hospital during Jul. 2010 to Jul. 2012, were enrolled in this study. Records the following information of the two groups: The clinical data , oral glucose tolerance and insulin releasing test , serum lipid , serum uric acid and ALT were recorded. Results Compared with the NAFLD without hypertension group, impaired glucose regulation was significantly increased in patients in the NAFLD with hypertension group(P < 0.05).The insulin releasing was significantly increased at 30 min and was increased at 180 min in patients in the NAFLD with hypertension group (P < 0.05).The insulin releasing during 30 min to 120 min was descend gradually in patients in the NAFLD with hypertension group,with no significant difference between these two groups. TG was markedly elevated in patients in the NAFLD with hypertension group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Prevalence of impaired glucose regulation was elevated obviously in NAFLD with hypertension group,and early-phase insulin secretion were reduced and delayed.
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Objective To investigate the changes of immune function,serum procalcitonin (PCT) and C-reactive protein (CRP) in children with mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP),and to provide clinical evidence for immunotherapy in children with MPP.Methods A total of 126 children with MPP during their hospitalization were enrolled into lobar pneumonia group (n =42) and bronchopneumonia group (n =84),and 28 healthy children were enrolled into normal control group.The immunoglobulin(Ig),CD4+T,CD8+T,PCT and CRP of all children were determined.Results The levels of IgG,IgM and IgE of children in lobar pneumonia group and bronchopneumonia group were significantly higher than that of the normal control group (P ＜0.05),but there were no significant differences in the level of IgA between three groups (P ＞ 0.05).The levels of IgG in lobar pneumonia group were significantly higher than that of bronchopneumonia group (P ＜ 0.05),but there were no significant differences in the levels of IgM,IgE,IgA between the two groups(P ＞0.05).The ratios of CD4+T and CD4+T/CD8+T in lobar pneumonia group and bronchopneumonia group were significantly lower than that of the normal control group(P ＜ 0.05).The levels of PCT and CRP in lobar pneumonia group and bronchopneumonia group were significantly higher than that of the normal control group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Humoral immunity and cellular immune dysfunction plays an important role in pathogenesis of MPP.They are important for PCT and CRP in evaluating clinical condition and immunotherapy.
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Objective To study the effect of obesity and overweight on the hospital stays and total course of common pneumonia in children and the possible reasons.Methods A total of 455 children with common pneumonia aged from 2 to 7 years were enrolled in this study,including 147 obese children,141 overweight children and 167 normal weight children.Then all the children were divided into 2 groups based on age:≥ 2-4 years group and ≥ 4-7 years group.The information of the patients was collected from the medical records management system of our hospital,and including gender,age,weight,height,hospital stays,total course,peripheral blood cell counts (white blood cell,neutrophil,monocyte and lymphocyte),C-reactive protein (CRP),erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR),IgG,IgA,CD4 + T,CD8 +T and the history of recurrent pneumonia.Results In ≥ 2-4 years group,the average length of the hospital stays of common pneumonia in obese and overweight children was longer than that in the normal weight children(P =0.037,0.009),and the total course of common pneumonia in obese children was longer than that in the normal weight children (P =0.014).In ≥ 4-7 years group,the average length of the hospital stays and total course of common pneumonia in obese and overweight children were longer than those in the normal weight children (the hospital stay:P =0.002,0.000,the total course:P =0.004,0.001).In ≥2-4 years group,the peripheral blood cell counts(white blood cell,neutrophil,monocyte and lymphocyte),CRP,ESR,IgG,IgA,CD4 + T,CD8 + T,CD4 + T/CD8 + T and the history of recurrent pneumonia were of no significant difference among obese,overweight and normal weight children (all P ＞0.05).In ≥4-7 years group,the peripheral blood cell counts(white blood cell,neutrophil,monocyte and lymphocyte),and ESR were of no significant difference among obese,overweight and normal weight children (all P ＞ 0.05),but the levels of IgG,CD4 + T and CD4 + T/CD8 + T in obese and overweight children were lower than those in the normal weight children,and the obese children were more notable in this aspect (P ＜ 0.05).And obese and overweight children were more likely to suffer from recurrent pneumonia.Conclusions Obese and overweight children with common pneumonia aged from 2 to 7 years may need longer hospital stay and total course than normal weight children.Impaired immunity may be the main reason for the ≥4-7 years group,but in the ≥2-4 years old group,it may be attribute to some non-immune factors.
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Objective To explore the mechanism of glucocorticoids in the treatment of acute lung injury(ALI) by studying the expression changes of aquaporin-1 (AQP-1) in the lung.Methods SpragueDawley rats were randomly divided into 3 groups,which were ALI group injected by lipopolysaccharide (LPS group),therapy group treated by methylprednisolone (Mp) after LPS injection (Mp group) and control group injected by normal saline.PaO2 and wet/dry mass ratio were assayed at 6 hours after the injection.Changes of AQP-1 expression in the lungs were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR),and pathological examination was performed in each group.Results RT-PCR results showed that the expression of AQP-1 in LPS group was lower than that in control group (0.28 ± 0.05 vs 0.50 ± 0.24,P ＜ 0.05),while the expression of AQP-1 in Mp group was higher than that in LPS group (0.47 ±0.16 vs 0.28 ±0.05,P ＜0.05).The immunohistochemistry results were consistent to the RT-PCR results,meanwhile glucocorticoids therapy could improve the blood oxygen level (P ＜ 0.01),reduce the wet/dry mass ratio (P ＜ 0.05) and relieve the lung injury.Conclusion Glucocorticoids may have beneficial effects on ALI by affecting the expression of AQP-1 in the lungs of rats.
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ObjectiveTo investigate whether hypothalamic silencing of suppressor of cytokine signaling 3( SOCS3 ) by RNA interference ( RNAi ) attenuates diet-induced obesity and leptin resistance in rats.Methods Hypothalamic SOCS3-deficient rats were established by means of lentiviral vector ( LV ) mediated RNAi technique,and then were fed with a high-fat diet for 8 weeks.After the rats were sacrificed,the serum leptin and insulin concentrations were measuredbyRIA, andthe expressionof SOCS3inhypothalamus was detectedby immunohistochemistry and realtime PCR.ResultsThe immunostaining showed that SOCS3 protein expression was significantly reduced and the expression of SOCS3 mRNA was decreased by 49％ in SOCS3 RNAi group compared to the controls( P＜0.01 ).The rats with hypothalamic SOCS3 knockdown exhibited a significant hampering in gaining body weight with lowered concentrations of leptin[ ( 8.18±2.10 vs 10.85±2.23 ) ng/ml ],insulin[ ( 18.89±4.88 vs 26.78±6.01 )mU/L],glucose [ (4.89±0.91 vs 6.26± 1.41 )mmol/L] and triglyceride [ (0.47 ±0.10 vs 0.62 ±0.16)mmol/L] when exposed to a high-fat diet(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01 ).ConclusionThe results provide evidence that rats with hypothalamic SOCS3 silencing by RNAi are resistant to diet-induced obesity,leptin resistance,and metabolic disorder.
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Objective To analyze the false-positive results of Treponema pallidum antibody caused by 3 different assay in comparison with Treponema pallidum hemagglutination assay (TPHA).Methods Research group included 3957 clinically asymptomatic syphilis patients,and control group was 344 outpatients with sex-transmitted diseases (STD).The serum samples from the patients who were TPHA-positive were tested in parallel by enzymeimmunoassay (EIA) and syphilis toluidine red untreated serum test (TRUST).Western blot (WB) was performed as confirmatory test.Results In the clinically asymptomatic patients,60 were TPHA-positive.Among them 57 were confirmed by western blot assay,and 1 was false-positive and 2 were borderline in WB.Of the 60 TPHA-positive patients,53 were positive in EIA and 23 were positive in TRUST.In STD patients 40 were TPHA,WB and EIA-positive but 32 were TRUST-positive.Conclusions The results of TPHA and EIA were consistent for diagnosis of syphilis patients who may suffer from previous or latent infection.
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OBJECTIVE: To determinate the catalpol contents in dried rehmannia root and Taohong Siwu Decoction containing rehmannia root with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). METHODS: Catalpol was separated on a YWG-C18 column using water-acetonitrile (99.4:0.6) as mobile phase and detective wavelength at 210 nm. RESULTS: The linear curve of tested catalpol concentration within the range of 0.0536-5.3600 microg/microl was ideal (n=5, r=0.999 7). The average recovery rate of the dried rehmannia root and Taohong Siwu decoction was 98.7% (RSD=0.48%) and 98.2% (RSD=1.29%) respectively. CONCLUSION: HPLC method is accurate and valuable for the quality control of Radix Rehmanniae and Taohong Siwu Decoction.
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AIM: To develop the methods for the quantitative analysis of gallic acid and total phenolic acid in Sedum Aizoon L. METHODS: Gallic acid was analyzed by HPLC on a Hypersil BDS C_(18) column and detected at 271 nm.The mobile phase was methol-water(adjusted to pH=3.0 with H_3PO_4)(90∶10)at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min.Total phenolic acid was analyzed by spectrophotometry at 720 nm.The colour-developing agent was the mixture solution of 0.6%FeCl_3—0.9%K_3[Fe(CN)_6](1∶0.9). RESULTS: Calibration graphs were constructed in the range of 0.343 0-1.200 ?g(r=0.999 7) for gallic acid and 0.4640-2.320 ?g/mL(r=(0.999 3)) for total phenolic acid.The average recoveries were 97.91%(n=6) for gallic acid and 99.21%(n=6) for total phenolic acid.The RSD of the methods were 1.8% and 2.0%,respectively. CONCLUSION: The methods were fast,reliable,accurate and suitable for analysis of gallic acid and total phenolic acid and quality control in Sedum Aizoon L.
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AIM: To establish HPLC fingerprint of Sishen Pill and a determination of main component of Sishen Pills(Fructus Evodiae, Semen Myristicae, Fructus Psoraleae, etc.) by HPLC. METHODS: The samples were extracted with the solvent methanol. The separation was performed on YWG-C 18(4.6mm?250mm, 10?m) column with water- methanol-acetonitrile as a mobile phase gradient elution. The flow rate was 1.0mL?min -1, the column temperature was at 30℃ and the wavelength of UV detector was at 225nm. RESULTS: There are 21 higher peaks and 12 marker peaks in the fingerprint of eight batches of samples. For evodiamine, the regression equation was Y=147.37X+1186.32, r=0.9999, the liner range was from 5 to 1000?g?mL -1 and the recovery was 99.83%. For rutaecarpin, the regression equation was Y=101.19X+279.81, r= 0.9999, the liner range was from 4.5 to 900?g?mL -1. The recovery was 98.72%. CONCLUSION: The quality standard of Sishen Pill was established firstly. It can be used for quality cantrol of Sishen Pill.
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0.05 ). CONCLUSION: The qualities of Flos lonicerae from the four different areas were almost the same as that of the control. This method can be used to judge the appraisal of the Flos lonicerae and to distinguish between genuine and counterfeit Flos lonicerae.
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Forty-five male mice were used and divided into three groups: i.e. experimental gastric ulcer group, saline control group and normal control group. After experimental gastric ulcer was induced, the mice of three groups received intraperitoneal injection of colchicine and were sacrificed 3h later at 3, 6, 9 and 20 days, respectively. The antral mucosa was removed and processed by Sternberger's immunocytochemical PAP method to show G cells and counterstained with hematoxylin. In normal control group, the mitotic index of the antral mucosal epithelial and glandular cells was 5.93?1.23; the percentage of G cells was 2.76?0.45; the mitotic index I of G cells (the number of the mitotic G cells per 100 G cells) was 0.85?0.18; and the mitotic index II of G cells (the number of mitotic figures of the G cells per 100 antral epithelial, glandular and G cells) was 0.02?0.01. The mitotic index of the antral mucosal epithelial and glandular cells, the percentage and the mitotic index II of G cells on 6th, 9th and 20th days in experimental gastric ulcer group was raised and showed highly significant statistical difference from that of the control group, respectively. The mitotic index I of G cells was raised on 9th day in the experimental gastric ulcer group and significant difference between experimental gastric ulcer group and the control group was found. It also revealed a significant diference in the experimental gastric ulcer group as compared with saline control group on 20th day. The percentage of G cells on 6th day was most high, but the peak of mitotic number of G cells appeared on 9th day in the experimental gastric ulcer group. The distribution of G cells was found upward in the glands near the ulcer on 3rd and 6th day than in normal control. These findings suggest that the number, origin, distribution and shape of the G cells in the pyloric glands exhibited dynamic changes with the passage of time. The results suggested that the G cells might participate in the regulation of regeneration of antral mucosa during experimental gastric ulcer.
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Pancreas of 53 aborted fetuses ranging from 5 to 41 weeks were fixed in Bouin's fluid and embedded in paraffin, and the sections were stained with Alcian bluephloxine and Grimelius silver technique. The A, B and D cell of islet of Langerhans were demonstrated with immunohistochemical PAP method also. 14 pancreas among them were fixed in 2% glutaraldehyde and embedded in Epon 812, and observed with TEM. Typical A, B and D islet cells were observed with LM at 12 weeks of fetal age. Undifferentiated, differentiated and degenerated cells were distinguished in the pancreatic islets at 14 to 41 weeks of fetal age. The secretory granules of the exoerine cells were observed after 14 weeks of fetal age. The functional differentiation of endocrine cells precede that of exocrine cells. The morphometrical measurement testified that the endocrine portion of fetal pancreas was obviously larger than that of adult. This study provides some morphological data for the pancreas transplantation in clinical medicine.