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@#Ocotillol(3)and its epimer(4)have been synthesized from 20(S)-protopanaxatriol ［20(S)-PPT］ via two routes, and their formation mechanism has been speculated. Route 1: Compounds 3 and 4 were obtained from 20(S)-PPT by oxidation with m-CPBA at the yield of 44. 1% and 28. 6%, respectively. Route 2: Compounds 3 and 4 were prepared from 20(S)-PPT by acetylation, oxidation and saponification at the yield of 16. 4% and 16. 2%, respectively. The formation mechanism of compounds 3 and 4 is speculated as below: 1)The chemical environments of both sides of C24(25)double bond in 20(S)-PPT are different due to the existence of intramolecular hydrogen bond, which led to the different oxidation ratio of the two sides, and the different yields of compounds 3 and 4. 2)There is not intramolecular hydrogen bond in acetylated 20(S)-PPT, and the chemical environments of both sides of C24(25)double bond are similar, which resulted in almost equal yields of compounds 3 and 4 synthesized through oxidation with m-CPBA, intramolecular SN2 and saponification.
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Objective To evaluate the effect of early endoscopic treatment for patients with severe acute biliary pancreatitis.Methods Ninety patients with severe acute biliary pancreatitis were divided into three groups: Thirty patients underwent early endoscopic treatment(group A),30 patients underwent expectant treatment(group B) and 30 patients receive surgical treatment(group C),respectively.complications and safety were evaluated.Results The symptoms and signs disappeared in all 30 cases after early endoscopic treatment.All the 30 patients(100%) of endoscopic treatment(group A) were cured which significantly better than the other groups(group B 83.3% and group C 93.3%,respectively).Conclusions Early endoscopic treatment relieves the orifice obstruction of biliary and pancreatic ducts,decreases the pressure of biliary and pancreatic ducts,it is safe,mini-invasive and highly effective for the treatment of severe acute biliary pancreatitis.
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Objective To investigate the expression of BRMS1 in different metastatic breast cancer cells and its relation to HDAC activity.Methods The gene expression of BRMS1 in 3 types breast cancer cell lines(non-metastasis MCF-7(A cell line),low metastasis MDA-MB-453(B cell line)and high metastasis MDA-MB-231(C cell line)) was determied by RT-PCR technique;the protein expression of BRMS1 was measured with Western blot technique and HDAC activity by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Results(1) Gene expressive ratio of BRMS1 was 3.1∶2.0∶1.0 in the A、B、C cell lines,respectively.The gene expression of BRMS1 in the C cell line decreased 210% compared to A cell line,and expression of BRMS1 was markedly reduced as the degree of metastasis increased(P