ABSTRACT
Purpose: To compare the anatomical, morphological, and functional outcomes of the conventional internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling versus temporal inverted ILM flap technique for large full?thickness macular holes (FTMHs). Methods: Sixty eyes of 60 patients with a minimum base diameter >600 ?m were included in this retrospective interventional study. Patients were divided into conventional ILM peeling (Group 1) and temporal inverted ILM flap (Group 2) groups. The hole closure rate, best?corrected visual acuity (BCVA), ellipsoid zone (EZ), and external limiting membrane (ELM) defects were analyzed at baseline and 6 months after surgery. Results: Hole closure was achieved in 24/32 (75.0%) cases of Group 1 and 27/28 (96.4%) cases of Group 2 (P = 0.029). The mean BCVA (logMAR) changed from 1.23 ± 0.47 to 0.70 ± 0.29 logMAR in Group 1 and from 1.03 ± 0.36 to 0.49 ± 0.24 logMAR in Group 2 at 6 months (P < 0.001 in both cases). U?shaped closure was observed in 5 (15.6%) eyes in Group 1 and 19 (67.9%) eyes in Group 2 (P < 0.001). The total restoration rates of ELM and EZ were significantly higher in the temporal inverted ILM flap group (P = 0.002, P = 0.001, respectively). Conclusion: The study results suggested that the FTMH closure rate, recovery of the outer retinal layers, and, consequently, the post?operative BCVA were better with the temporal inverted ILM flap technique than with the conventional ILM peeling for larger than 600 ?m macular holes.
ABSTRACT
Abstract Objective: Poor sleep quality have affect on neuronal structure in central nervous system. We aimed to investigate the effects of sleep quality on the thickness of retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), macula, and ganglion cell complex (GCC) obtained by optical coherence tomography (OCT) in healthy Caucasian adolescents. Methods: In this prospective cross-sectional study,100 healthy adolescents were evaluated for determining of sleep quality score by the Pittsburgh sleep quality index(PSQI) and were monitored for detection of sleep efficiency(%) by Sense Wear PRO3 Armband mobile monitor(SWA). The sleep quality is evaluated based on the PSQI score and PSQI ≤5 was defined as "good sleep", and a score >5 was defined as "poor sleep". All subjects were scanned by spectral-domain OCT for the thicknesses of RNFL, GCC, and macular subfields. Results: Thirty nine of the subjects (39%) have poor sleep quality while 61 of them (61%) have good sleep. Inner superior (P=0.017), inner nasal (P=0.007), inner inferior (P=0.025), outer nasal (P= 0.011), and outer inferior (P=0.007) segments of macular thicknesses in the subjects with poor sleep are significantly thicker than those of the subjects with good sleep, whereas average RNFL of the adolescents with poor sleep is significantly thinner (P=0.02). All these parameters and central macular thickness have significant correlations with sleep efficiency and PSQI score (P<0.05). Conclusion: Sleep quality may have effects on macula and the nerve fiber layer of retina in adolescents and poor sleep may be related to decrease in the thickness of retinal nerve fiber layer.
Resumo Objetivo: A má qualidade do sono afeta a estrutura neuronal do sistema nervoso central. O objetivo do presente estudo foi investigar os efeitos da qualidade do sono sobre a espessura da camada de fibras nervosas da retina (CFNR), a mácula e o complexo de células ganglionares (CCG) de adolescentes caucasianos saudáveis submetidos a tomografia de coerência ótica (TCO). Metodologia: O presente estudo transversal prospectivo avaliou 100 adolescentes saudáveis a fim de determinar o escore de qualidade do sono através do índice da qualidade do sono de Pittsburgh (PSQI); os participantes foram monitorados através do monitor móvel Sense Wear PRO3 Armband (SWA) a fim de detectar a eficiência do seu sono (%). A qualidade do sono foi avaliada com base no escore do PSQI; PSQI ≤ 5 foi definido como "sono de boa qualidade" e valores > 5 foram definidos como "sono de qualidade ruim". Todos os participantes foram submetidos a TCO no domínio espectral para avaliar a espessura dos subcampos CFNR, CCG e macular. Resultados: Trinta e nove participantes (39%) apresentaram sono de qualidade ruim, enquanto 61 (61%) apresentaram sono de boa qualidade. Os segmentos interno superior (P = 0,017), nasal interno (P = 0,007), inferior interno (P = 0,025), nasal externo (P = 0,011) e inferior externo (P = 0,007) de espessuras maculares dos indivíduos com sono de qualidade ruim foram significativamente mais espessos do que os de indivíduos com sono de boa qualidade, enquanto a CFNR média dos adolescentes com sono de qualidade ruim foi significativamente mais fina (P = 0,02). Todos esses parâmetros e a espessura macular central apresentaram correlações significativas com a eficiência do sono e com o escore do PSQI (P < 0,05). Conclusão: A qualidade do sono pode ter efeitos sobre a mácula e a camada de fibras nervosas da retina de adolescentes; além disso, o sono de qualidade ruim pode estar relacionado à diminuição da espessura da camada de fibras nervosas da retina.