Analysis of Dangguibuxue decoction on rabbit schistosomiasis hepatic fibrosis through histopathological evaluation / 中国地方病学杂志

Objective To evaluate the treatment effects on schistosomiasis hepatic fibrosis with Dangguibuxue decoction.Methods Thirty-four rabbits weighing 2.0-2.5 kg were selected.The procedure for the model of schistosomiasis liver fibrosis was as follow.Thirty-four snails infected by schistosoma japonicum were placed in triangle flask to escape cercariain.Abdominal skin of each rabbit wag infected by 100 schistosoma japonicum cercariaes.All rabbits were housed in conventional cages at room temperature.After 13 weeks schistosoma japonicum infected,the rabbits'livers were examined by B-ultrasound examination every week.After 18 weeks of infection,B-ultrasound showed images of schistosomiasis liver fibrosis,the rabbits were thus identified as schistosomiasis liver fibrosis.Praziquantel Was as insecticide to treat rabbits.All rabbits were divided into treatment and control groups according to body weigh.The high and low dosage group were treated with Dangguibuxue decoction at 50 g/kg and 5 g/kg(n=11),respectively,and the control group with no treatment(n=12).Two groups were treated with Dangguibuxue decoction every day for 10 weeks.After 10 weeks of treatment,the rabbits were killed and the livers were obtained to go HE staining and histopathological examination under microscope.Results After 18 weeks of infection,B-ultrasound showed that the liver parenchyma Was coarse and net-shaped.having hyperechoie spots with lightbrand and facula.The liver's shape Was abnormal,portal and splenic vein diameter was widened.Histopathological examination showed that the high dosage group presented fibrosis,which was formed by collagen fiber extending to peripherM regions,low dosage group showed mild fibrosis,mild collagen fiber present with extension without compartment formation, while the control group presented severe fibrosis and severe collagen fiber present with a thickening of the partial compartments and the distribution of eggs nodules. The liver histopathological ranking results from different groups showed that the difference was significant (χ2= 13.585,P < 0.01), the difference between the treatment groups of high and low dosage and control group was significant,respectively(all P < 0.01 ). Conclusions The histopathology results showed that both high and low dosage Dangguibuxue decoction can reverse or eliminate schistosomiasis liver fibrosis in rabbits.

Separation and purification of alkaloids from radix of Zanthoxylum nitidum by macroporous adsorption resin / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To obtain the optimal conditions for separating the alkaloids from the extract of Radix of Zanthoxylum nitidum by selecting appropriate macroporous adsorption resins.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Eight types of macroporous adsorption were evaluated in separating efficiency with measuring the adsorption ratio and eluting ratio of Alkaloids as indexes.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The XDA-5 macroporous adsorption resin had the best separating efficiency. After enrichment and purification with it, the product purity and yield of alkaloids were up to 33.25% and 90.15%, respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>This method is simple, feasible and fit for industry production.</p>

Metabonomics and the modernization of traditional Chinese medicine / 中国医学科学院学报

The rapid development of systems biology and especially the advances in the high-throughput and comprehensive research technologies and research idea in metabonomics provide new strategies in the analysis of active components in the formula of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and pharmacokinetic analysis of their metabolites in vivo. Furthermore, the initiatives of metabonomics may pave a new way to explain the action mode of TCM in the light of modern sciences, while the metabonomic research achievements may contribute to the establishment of a new technique platform for evaluating the efficacy of the formula of TCM.

Analysis of essential oil in herba ephedrae-ramulus cinnamomi by GC-MS and chemometric resolution method / 药学学报

Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, chemometric resolution method ( CRM) and overall volume integration method were used to analyze the essential components of herbal pair Herba Ephedrae-Ramulus Cinnamomi (HP HE-RC) and compare it with that of single herbs HE and RC. 72, 68, and 97 essential components in essential oil of HE, RC, and HP HE-RC were determined, accounting for 90. 08% , 91. 62% , and 89. 76% of total contents of essential oil of HE, RC, and HP HE-RC, respectively. The numbers of essential components of HP HE-RC are almost the summation of that of two single herbs, but some relative contents of them are changed. Some new components, such as 1, 6-dimethylhepta-1,3,5-triene, tetracyclo[4. 2. 1.1 (2,5 ). 0 (9,10) ] deca-3,7-diene, globulol, ( E, E) -6, 10,14-trimethyl-5,9,13-pentadecatrien-2 -one, etc. have been found in HP HE-RC because of chemical reactions and physical changes during the course of decocation.

Analysis of common volatile constituents in herbal pair chuanxiong rhizome-notoperygium root and its single herb / 药学学报

Analysis of common volatile constituents in herbal pair (HP) Chuanxiong Rhizome (CXR)-Notoperygium root (NR) and its single herb was performed by the method of alternative moving window factor analysis (AMWFA). In total, 65, 71, and 79 volatile chemical components in volatile oil of CXR, NR, and HP CXR-NR were separately determined qualitatively and quantitatively, accounting for 83.69%, 96.04% and 95.39% total contents of volatile oil of CXR, NR, and HP CXR-NR respectively. Analysis by the method of AMWFA indicates that there are 45 common volatile constituents in HP CXR-NR and single herb CXR, and 63 common volatile constituents in HP CXR-NR and single herb NR and 31 common volatile constituents among these three systems. The experimental results also show that the number of volatile chemical components in HP CXR-NR is almost equal to the sum of the number in the two single herbs, and volatile chemical components in HP CXR-NR are mainly from single herb NR.

Chemical components in essential oils from tender branches and leaves of Rhododendron / 药学学报

<p><b>AIM</b>To analyze and compare the compositions in essential oils from branches and leaves of Rhododendron simsii Planch. and Rhododendron naamkwanense Merr.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Essential oils were extracted by water distillation according to Chinese Pharmacopoeia and analyzed by capillary gas chromatography-mass spectrometry as well as chemometrics resolution method and authentic compounds. The relative contents of each component in the essential oils were obtained by normalization of peak areas.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 124 components were identified, of which 48 compounds were existed in both of the samples. Ninety four compounds accounted for 84.47% of the essential oil from Rhododendron simsii Planch. and seventy eight components accounted for 90.25% of the total essential oil from Rhododendron naamkwanense Merr. were identified. 72.76% and 88.07% of the components in Rhododendron simsii Planch and Rhododendron naamkwanense Merr., respectively, included oxygen element. They are mainly terpenol, acids and esters. 1-octen-3-ol (4.00%, 7.90%), 1,6-octadien-3-ol, 3,7-dimethyl-(12.60%, 3.48%), 9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid, [Z, Z, Z]- (1.15%, 45.34%), phytol (15.21%, 8.56%), p-menth-1-en-8-ol (2.15%, 3.29%), and 9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid, ethyl ester, [Z,Z,Z]- (9.16%, 8.01%) were their common main compounds, which accounted for 44. 27% and 76.58% of the total amount of the two essential oil samples, respectively. In addition, n-hexadecanoic acid (7.73%), 9,12-octadecadienoic acid (1.85%) and tetracosanoic acid, methyl ester (1.38%) were also the main compounds in essential oil from Rhododendron simsii Planch.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Much higher reliability and accuracy were obtained with the help of chemometrics resolution method and authentic n-alkane standard solutions than those of using GC-MS alone.</p>

Profile-effect on quality control of Houttuynia cordata injection / 药学学报

<p><b>AIM</b>To find corresponding relationship between the fingerprint of Houttuynia cordata injections from different factories and their effects.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Houttuynia cordata injections from six different factories were determined by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectra (GC-MS), and GC fingerprints were classified by hierarchical clustering. The anti-inflammatory activity of Houttuynia cordata injections was characterized through the rat pleurisy model induced by carrageenin and the mice ear edema model by dimethylbenzene.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The anti-inflammatory effect of the injections from the first class factories on the two model was significant, while those from the second class not. GC-MS analysis result indicated that main effect compounds in Houttuynia cordata injections are methyl n-nonyl ketone, decanoylacetaldehyde, lauryl aldehyde, capryl aldehyde, beta-pinene, beta-linalool, 1-nonanol, 4-terpineol, alpha-terpineol, bornyl acetate, n-decanoic acid and acetic acid, geraniol ester etc.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>There is corresponding relationship between the fingerprint of Houttuynia cordata injections and effect to a certain extent.</p>

Determination of adenosine and cordycepin in Cordyceps sinensis and C. militarris with HPLC-ESI-MS / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>HPLC-ESI-MS to establish a method for simultaneous determination of adenosine and cordycepin in Cordyceps sinensis and C. militarris.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>HPLC-ESI-MS method. An electrospray ionization (ESI) interface and selective ion monitoring (SIM) mode were used. The analytical column was a 2.0 mm x 150 mm Shimadzu VP - ODS column and the mobile phase was water (94%), methanol (5%) and formic acid (1%). 2-Chloroadenosine was used as internal standard for this assay.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The regression equations and coefficient were Y = 0.134 6X + 0.001 29 (r = 0.998 4) for adenosine, Y = 0.216 4X + 0.021 5 (r = 0.999 1) for cordycepin. The liner range was 0.5 approximately 124.5 microg x mL(-1) and 0.5 approximately 136.5 microg x mL(-1) for adenosine and cordycepin, respectively. The average recoveries of adenosine and cordycepin were 95.8% and 98.1%, respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>This method is highly sensitive, fast and selective, which can be used for the determination of nucleosides in C. sinensis and its substitutes. This method can also be applied for the quality control of above herbs.</p>