ABSTRACT
@#Objective To analyze the status and trends for the prevalence，morbidity，mortality， and DALY of tuberculosis ( TB) in China from 1990 to 2017，so as to provide scientific basis for TB pre- vention and control． Methods From 1990 to 2017 in China，the United States，India，Japan，and the global，the TB ( standardized) prevalence，( standardized) morbidity，( standardized) mortality，and ( standardized) DALY rates were obtained from Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation ( IHME) web- site，and comparative analysis of changes in these indicators with years were carried out． Ｒesults In 2017， the prevalence，morbidity，mortality，and DALY rate of TB in China were higher in the high-age group than in the low-age group． The prevalence，morbidity，mortality，and DALY rates were all higher for males than females． The prevalence was 29 641. 59/100 000 and 28 803. 26/100 000 for male and female，respectively． The male and female mortality rates were 72. 23/100 000 and 44. 85/100 000． The male and female mortali- ty rates were 3. 85/100 000 and 1. 67/100 000，and the DALY rate of male and female were 156. 95/100 000 and 84. 73/100 000． From 1990 to 2017，the prevalence of TB decreased from 32 178. 39/100 000 in 1990 to 29 231. 80/100 000 in 2017，the morbidity rate of TB decreased from 141. 83/100 000 in 1990 to 58. 83/100 000 in 2017，the mortality rate of TB decreased from 13. 82/100 000 in1990 to 2. 78/100 000 in 2017，and the DALY rate of TB decreased from 582. 87/100 000 in 1990 to 121. 60/100 000 in 2017． Conclusions The burden of TB in China declined markedly from 1990 to 2017． Although some progress has been made in the prevention and treatment of TB in China，but there is still a certain gap compared with de- veloped countries． It is still necessary to further reduce the morbidity rate and mortality rate of TB．
ABSTRACT
In this study, formulas containing Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma-Carthami Flos in the database of Dictionary of Chinese Medicine Prescription (DCMP) were extracted by using traditional Chinese medicine inheritance support system (TCMISS). The drugs pairs and formula composition rules were analyzed with data mining methods, such as association rules, improved mutual information method and complex system entropy clustering. Totally 39 formulas were included in this study and involved 280 Chinese medicines. The top 5 Chinese medicines most frequently used were Danggui (Angelica sinensis), Chuanxiong (Ligusticum chuanxiong), Xiangfu (Cyperi Rhizoma), Baishao(Radix Paeoniae Alba), Taoren(Prunus persica) and Shengdihuang (Radix Rehmanniae Recens). Six core medicinal pairs were obtained through clustering analysis, namely Danshen (Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma)-Xiangfu (Cyperi Rhizoma)-Honghua (Carthami Flos), Danshen (Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma)-Baishao (Radix Paeoniae Alba)-Honghua (Carthami Flos), Danshen (Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma)-Danggui (A. sinensis)-Xiagnfu (Cyperi Rhizoma)-Honghua (Carthami Flos), Danshen (Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma)-Danggui (A. sinensis)-Baishao (Radix Paeoniae Alba)-Honghua (Carthami Flos), Honghua (Carthami Flos)-Danshen (Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma)-Baishao (Radix Paeoniae Alba)-Danggui (A. sinensis), Danshen (Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma)-Baishao (Radix Paeoniae Alba)-Honghua (Carthami Flos)-Danggui (A. sinensis). The support degree was set at 11 (38.46%), with a confidence coefficient of 80%, and then 38 associated pairs were screened. These results suggested that Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Carthami Flos is often combined with herbs for activating blood and promoting circulation of qi to treat gynecopathy, stasis blood pain syndrome, stroke and other syndromes.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explain the essence of pungent-hot herb property express according to in vivo and in vitro studies on its effect on calmodulin on the base of the observation of the adjustment in hypothalamic-pituitary-gonad axis functions of Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata, Curculiginis Rhizoma, Cinnamomi Cortex and bitter-cold herb Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex in rats under the state of yang deficiency.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The yang-deficient model was duplicated by intramuscularly injecting hydrocortisone sodium succinate powder injection. After the intervention with Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata, Curculiginis Rhizoma, Cinnamomi Cortex and bitter-cold herb Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex for seven days, TSH, T3, T4, 17-OHCS, COR, T, E2 of hypothalamus-pituitary-target gland axis and other relevant indexes were detected. The calmodulin expression in livers and L02 cells cultured in vitro was detected by using Western blot.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Pungent-hot herbs Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata, Curculiginis Rhizoma, Cinnamomi Cortex can significantly correct indicators of hypothalamic-pituitary-gonad axis and calmodulin, whereas the bitter-cold herb Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex showed no obvious effect.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The pungent-hot herb property expression may be closely related to calmodulin.</p>