Study of anti-atherosclerosis effect and potential mechanisms of piperine in ApoE / 中国药理学通报

Aim To investigate the therapeutic effects of piperine (PIP) on atherosclerosis in ApoE mice fed with high fat diet and the potential mechanisms. Methods After PIP was administered for 20 weeks, aorta was stained by oil red O with the area of aortic plaque analyzed. The levels of blood lipids and serum inflammatory factors were detected. Hepatic expressions of oxidative stress related factors were determined. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were cultured and treated with a series of concentrations of PIP after LPS induction. The levels of NO and oxidative lipids were detected and factors of PI3K/Akt/eNOS pathway were analyzed. Results Serum levels of TG, LDL-C, TNF-α and CRP were significantly reduced by PIP in ApoE

Curcumin mediates IL-6/STAT3 signaling pathway to repair intestinal mucosal injury induced by 5-FU chemotherapy for colon cancer / 中国中药杂志

This study aims to investigate the potential mechanism of curcumin in mediating interleukin-6(IL-6)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3) signaling pathway to repair intestinal mucosal injury induced by 5-fluorouracil(5-FU) chemotherapy for colon cancer. SD rats were intraperitoneally injected with 60 mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1) 5-FU for 4 days to establish a model of intestinal mucosal injury. Then the rats were randomly divided into model group(equal volume of normal saline), curcumin low, medium and high dose groups(50, 100, 200 mg·kg~(-1)), and normal SD rats were used as control group(equal volume of normal saline). Each group received gavage administration for 4 consecutive days, and the changes of body weight and feces were recorded every day. After administration, blood was collected from the heart, and jejunum tissues were collected. The levels of serum interleukin-1β(IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) were detected by ELISA, and at the same time, the concentration of Evans blue(EB) in jejunum was measured. Hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining was used to observe the pathological state of jejunum, and the length of jejunum villi and the depth of crypt were measured. The positive expression levels of claudin, occludin and ZO-1 were detected by immunohistochemistry. Western blot was used to detect the protein expression of IL-6, p-STAT3, E-cadherin, vimentin and N-cadherin in jejunum tissues. The results showed that, curcumin significantly increased body weight and fecal weight(P<0.05 or P<0.01), decreased fecal score, EB concentration, IL-1β and TNF-α levels(P<0.05 or P<0.01) in rats. In addition, curcumin maintained the integrity of mucosal surface and villi structure of jejunum to a large extent, and reduced pathological changes in a dose-dependent manner. Meanwhile, curcumin could increase the positive expression of occludin, claudin and ZO-1(P<0.05 or P<0.01), repair intestinal barrier function, downregulate the protein expression of IL-6, p-STAT3, vimentin and N-cadherin in jejunum tissues(P<0.05 or P<0.01), and upregulate the protein expression of E-cadherin(P<0.05). Therefore, curcumin could repair the intestinal mucosal injury induced by 5-FU chemotherapy for colon cancer, and the mechanism may be related to the inhibition of IL-6/STAT3 signal and the inhibition of epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT) process.

Comparison of implantable collamer lens implantation and FS-LASIK for moderatetohigh myopia / 眼科新进展

Objective To evaluate and compare the primary clinical efficacy in high myopia patients undergoing implantable collamer lens (ICL) implantation or femtosecond laser-LASIK (FS-LASIK).Methods Totally 73 patients with myopia from August 2016 to March 2017 in our hospital were collected and divided into ICL group(35 patients with 69 eyes) who receiving ICL implantation and LASIK group (38 patients with 76 eyes) who underwent FS-LASIK.There was no significant difference in gender composition and age between the two groups (both P ＞ 0.05).In addition,there was no significant difference in contrast sensitivity function (CSF) and glare CSF (GCSF) between the two groups before operation (both P ＞ 0.05).After 6 months of follow-up,the patient's uncorrected visual acuity,best corrected visual acuity and equivalent spherical degree were detected,and efficacy index and safety index were calculated.Meanwhile,CSF and GCSF examination were performed,followed by the observation of the occurrence of complications.Results There was no significant difference in the uncorrected visual acuity and best corrected visual acuity between the two groups before surgery (all P ＞ 0.05).The preoperative spherical equivalent in the ICL group was -4.000 to-12.00 (-8.86 ±3.70)D,and-4.00 to-11.75 (-8.51 ±4.20)D in the LASIK group,with no statistically significant difference (P ＞ 0.05).There was no significant difference in the uncorrected visual acuity,best corrected visual acuity and spherical equivalent between the two groups after surgery (all P ＞ 0.05).The efficacy coefficient and safety index of the ICL group were better than those in the LASIK group after 6 months,and the differences were statistically significant (all P ＜ 0.05).The CSF in the ICL group was at 1.5 c · d-1,3.0 c · d-1,6.0 c · d 1,12.0 c · d-1,and 18.0 c · d-1 after surgery,which was superior to the LASIK group,and the differences were statistically significant (all P ＜ 0.05).The GCSF in the ICL group was at 1.5 c · d-1,3.0 c · d-1,6.0 c · d-1 and 18.0 c · d-1 after surgery,which was superior to the LASIK group,and the differences were statistically significant (all P ＜ 0.05).Four hours after operation,there were 4 patients (7 eyes) with increased intraocular pressure,which were controlled by anterior chamber puncture,but no lens opacity presented.Conclusion Both ICL and FS-LASIK can effectively correct moderateto highmyopia,but ICL is better than FS-LASIK at the effectiveness index,the safety index,CSF and GCSF.

Efficacy and safety of Choudongning capsule (CDN)in children with Tourette's syndrome of spleen deficiency and phlegm accumulation / 中国中药杂志

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Choudongning (CDN)capsule in children with Tourette's syndrome of spleen deficiency and phlegm accumulation through a randomized double-blind three-arm controlled phase Ⅲ study in 588 patients from 8 hospitals. The included patients were randomly divided into test group, positive control group and placebo group at the ratio of 3∶1∶1. Patients in the test group orally took CDN capsules and simulated Tiapridal tablets; the patients in positive control group took Tiapridal tablets and simulated CDN capsules; whereas the patients in placebo group orally took the simulated agents of the above two drugs. The treatment course was 6 weeks for three groups. The global grading rates, YGTSS scores and its factor scores, the degree of social function damage, as well as traditional Chinese medicine syndrome efficacy were evaluated as the outcome measures on efficacy. The AEs/ADRs, vital signs and laboratory testing were observed as outcome measures on safety. The total effective rate of YGTSS was 75.92% in the test group, 72.65% in the positive control group, and 37.29% in the placebo group. Non inferiority test stands between the test group and the positive control group, and they were superior to placebo group in efficacy with statistical difference. Significant difference had also been found among the 3 groups in YGTSS tics score, motor tics score, vocal tics, degree of social function damage and traditional Chinese medicine syndrome efficacy. During the study, there were 5 (1.42%)ADRs in the test group, 10 (8.55%)in the positive control group and 3 (2.54%)in the placebo group. The incidence of ADRs in the test group was lower than that in the positive control group, with statistical difference. It is clear to say that CDN capsule can effectively treat the Tourette's syndrome of spleen deficiency and phlegm accumulation. Its efficacy is not inferior to the commonly used Tiapridal tablets, with even less adverse reactions, so it has clinical application value.

Synthesis and antifatigue activities of new benzamide derivatives / 药学学报

To explore novel antifatigue agents targeting with AMPA receptor, 10 compounds were synthesized and their structures were confirmed by 1H NMR, ESI-MS and elemental analysis. 1-BCP was treated as the leading compound. The antifatigue activities were evaluated by weight-loaded forced swimming test, and the AMPA receptor binding affinities were tested with radioligand receptor binding assays. The results unveiled that 5b appeared to possess potent antifatigue activities and high affinity with AMPA receptor, which deserved further studies.

Detection of guanylate cyclase C mRNA and cytokeratin 20 mRNA in peripheral blood and analysis of prognosis in early to moderate colorectal cancer patients / 中华胃肠外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the associations of guanylate cyclase C (GC-C) mRNA and cytokeratin 20 (CK20) mRNA with metastasis and prognosis in early to moderate colorectal cancer patients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>GC-C mRNA and CK 20 mRNA in peripheral blood of 74 colorectal cancer patients without distant metastasis were detected by fluorescent quantitative PCR (FQ-PCR). Based on their clinicopathological and postoperative follow-up data, the relationship and clinical significance of these data with metastasis hazards and prognosis factors were analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The positive rate of GC-C mRNA in 74 colorectal cancer patients was 33.8% (25/74), and CK20 mRNA was 31.1% (23/74). The 1-, 2-, 3- year disease-free survival rates of patients were 94.6%, 82.4% and 78.4% respectively. There were significant differences in positive rates of GC-C mRNA and CK20 mRNA, tumor differentiation, mesentery lymph node metastasis, tumor embolus in vessel and postoperative chemotherapy associated with 3-year disease free survival rate by Kaplan-Meier analysis (all P<0.05). While mesentery lymph node metastasis and tumor embolus in vessel were independent risk factors of 3-year disease-free survival (P<0.05). CK20 mRNA and tumor embolus in vessel were independent risk factors of 3-year disease-free survival by analysis stratified with clinical stage (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Detection of CK20 mRNA and GC-C mRNA in peripheral blood may be important for early detection of early metastasis of colorectal cancer.</p>

Effects of naringin on proliferation, differentiation and maturation of rat calvarial osteoblasts in vitro / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of naringin on the proliferation, differention and maturaion of rat calvarial osteoblasts (ROB).</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Segregated neonatal SD rat skull, enzyme digestion to obtain ROB. The culture medium was replaced every three days. Serial subcultivation proceeded when cells covered with 80% culture dish. Naringin supplemented into the culture at 1 x 10(-4), 1 x 10(-5), 1 x 10(-6), 1 x 10(-7) mol x L(-1) respectively. MTT method was adopted in proliferation analysis and the activity of ALP was examined after induced 9 days. Search the best concentration and supplemented into the medium, then the osteogenic differentiation markers including the secretion amount of osteocalcin, osteopontin and bone morphogenetic protein-2 were compared between the naringin-supplemented group and the control. Total RNA was isolated and the mRNA level of bFGF, IGF-1, Runx-2, Osterix, ERa and ERbeta was investigated by Real time RT-PCR. Total protein also was isolated and the expression ERa, ERbeta and collagen I was examined by Western blot. After the addition of ICI 182.780, an inhibitor of the estrogen signal pathway, these index also was examined and the changes were compared.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The ROB proliferation was motivated by naringin dose-dependently. And it evidently leads to osteogenic process and maturation. 1 x 10(-5) mol x L(-1) is the best concentration. Naringin improved the secretion of osteocalcin, osteopontin, bone morphogenetic protein-2 and collagen I significantly. Besides, it can also enhanced the mRNA level of bFGF, IGF-1, Runx-2, Osterix, ERalpha and ERbeta. While all these effects can be restrained by ICI 182.780.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The naringin with final concentration of 1 x 10(-5) mol x L(-1) enhances the osteogenic differentiation and maturation of ROB significantly, while the promoting effects vanished after the addition of ICI 182.780. These results suggesting that naringin is one of the phytoestrogens and have the activity of bone formation may via estrogen signal pathway, it can be developed into a new drug for osteoporosis therapy.</p>

Clinical efficacy of oxcarbazepine suspension in children with focal epilepsy / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of oxcarbazepine (OXC) suspension in children with focal epilepsy.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 118 children aged 2-14 years, who were newly diagnosed with focal epilepsy between October 2009 and December 2011, were randomly divided into experimental group (n=60) and control group (n=58). The experimental group was treated with an orally suspension of OXC and the control group was orally administered with carbamazepine (CBZ) tablets. The two treatment regimens were compared in terms of clinical efficacy and safety.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After 13 and 26 weeks of treatment, the experimental group had response rates of 75% and 72% respectively and seizure-free rates of 53% and 50%, and the control group had response rates of 71% and 66% and seizure-free rates of 50% and 43% respectively. There were no significant differences in the clinical efficacy between the two groups (P>0.05). After 26 weeks of treatment, the adverse event rates of the experimental and control groups were 18% and 40% respectively, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>OXC suspension has a comparable clinical efficacy to that of CBZ tablets in children aged 2-14 years who are newly diagnosed with focal epilepsy, but OXC suspension causes fewer adverse events and has higher safety.</p>

Anti-tumor effect of adenovirus-mediated Bcl-XL shRNA in vitro / 中华胃肠外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the anti-tumor effect of adenovirus-mediated Bcl-XL shRNA on colon cancer cells in vitro.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A recombinant Bcl-xl adenovirus was constructed, amplified, and purified. The effect on mRNA expression of Bcl-XL was assessed by RT-PCR, and the effect on apoptosis-induction of colon cancer(Lovo cell line) in vitro was assessed by MTT assay and cell clonogenic assay.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>RT-PCR showed that Ad/Bcl-XL shRNA significantly down-regulated the mRNA expression of Bcl-XL in Lovo cells. Ad/Bcl-XL shRNA suppressed the proliferation of Lovo cells in a dose-dependent as well as a time-dependent manner compared with Ad/GFP (P<0.05). Treatment with Ad/Bcl-XL shRNA dramatically suppressed the colony formation of Lovo cells in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.05). Ad/Bcl-XL shRNA showed no effect on normal human fibroblast.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Ad/Bcl-XL shRNA exhibits cytotoxic effect on Lovo cells and may have the potential value in the treatment of colon cancer.</p>

Anatomic research on the transposition of accessory nerve to phrenic nerve / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To comprehend the anatomic characteristics and correlations between the accessory nerve and the phrenic nerve in the adult corpses.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The bilateral accessory nerves, phrenic nerves, and their branches of 20 adult corpses (38 sides) were underwent exposure. The morphologic data of the accessory nerves and the phrenic nerves above clavicle were measured. In addition, the minimal and maximal distances from several points on the accessory nerve to the full length of the phrenic nerve above clavicle were measured. Then, the number of motor nerve fibers on different locations of the nerves utilizing the method of immunohistochemistry were counted and compared.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The accessory nerves after sending out the sternocleido-mastoid muscular branches were similar in the morphologic data with the phrenic nerves. Meanwhile, the accessory nerve had a coiled appearance within this geometrical area. The possibly minimal distance between the accessory nerve and phrenic nerve was (3.19 ± 1.23) cm, and the possibly maximal distance between the starting point of accessory nerve and the end of the phrenic nerve above clavicle was (8.71 ± 0.75) cm.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The accessory nerve and the phrenic nerve are similar in the anatomic evidences and the number of motor nerve fibers. And the length of accessory nerve is sufficiently long to connect with phrenic nerve as needed. It is possible to suture them without strain directly.</p>

Detection of chromosomal aberration in sporadic colorectal cancer with comparative genomic hybridization / 中华胃肠外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the chromosomal aberration in sporadic colorectal carcinoma and its association with clinicopathological features.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Comparative genomic hybridization(CGH) was used to screen the changes in the number of DNA sequence copies in 40 sporadic colorectal cancer patients in order to identify regions that contain genes important for the development and progression of colorectal cancer.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In 40 sporadic colorectal cancer, frequent gain at 20 q, 12 q, 13 q, 7 p, 7 q and 16 q were found, while loss was also found at 18 q, 5 q, 4 q, 8 pand 17 p. The number of chromosomal aberration was closely associated with tumor stage(P<0.05). No significant association was found between the number of chromosomal aberration and tumor site, histopathologic type and histologic grade.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Chromosomal aberration exists generally in sporadic colorectal carcinoma. The number of chromosomal aberration and gain of 20q are closely associated with tumor stage.</p>

Differential expression of guanylin in colorectal cancer / 中华胃肠外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the expression of guanylin in colorectal cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The expression of guanylin was examined by RT-PCR and semiquantitative analysis in 20 cases of colorectal cancer, and its relationship with clinical characteristics was analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The positive expression of guanylin in normal tissue (80%, 16/20) was significantly higher than that in tumor tissue (35%, 7/20) (P<0.01). The same result was found in the semiquantitative analysis of 14 cases with differential expression. Differential expression of guanylin in colorectal cancer was associate with TNM stage (P<0.05), not with sex, Borrmann type and degree of differentiation (all P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>There is differential expression of guanylin in colorectal cancer, and this kind of differential expression is associated with tumor TNM stage.</p>

Studies on the catalytic performance of lignin peroxidase in nonionic reversed micelles / 生物工程学报

Lignin peroxidase (LiP) hosted in Brij 30/cyclohexane/water nonionic reversed micelle could express its catalytic activity, but in Triton X-100/n-pentanol/cyclohexane/water nonionic reversed micelle LiP didn't show any catalytic activity. Some key factors that affected the catalytic activity of LiP in Brij 30 reversed micelle were studied at 20 degrees C. The optimum conditions were:omega0 = 8.5, pH = 2.2, [Brij30] = 600 mmol/L; under these conditions the half time of LiP was ca. 50 hours. As compared with the properties of LiP in aqueous solution, the activity of LiP hosted in Brij 30 reversed micelle dropped, but its stability improved greatly. To reveal the role of normal alcohol, which was a necessary component for forming Triton X-100 reversed micelles, the effect of n-pentanol on the catalytic activity of LiP in Brij 30 reversed micelle was investigated. Results indicated that high concentration of the alcohol deactivated LiP. So it was deduced that the phenomenon that LiP hosted in the Triton X-100 reversed micelles could not express its activity was mainly due to the alcohol co-surfactant.

Correlative Study on Acute Ischemic Cerebrovascular Disease and Chlamydia Pneumoniae in Children / 实用儿科临床杂志

0.05).Between subgroups divided by the clinical restoration time,the CP IgM seropositive rate of the tachy restoration group was significantly higher than that in the deferred group(P0.05).Among subgroups divided by the clinical manifestation,the subgroup of paralysis plus disorder of consciousness had significant higher CP IgM seropositive rate than other groups(Pa

Progress in the pathway engineering of ethanol fermentation from xylose utilising recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae / 生物工程学报

Pathway engineering was the third generation of gene engineering. Its main goals were to change metabolic flux and open a new metabolic pathway in organism. Application of recombinant DNA methods to restructure metabolic networks can improve production of metabolite and protein products by altering pathway distributions and rates. Ethanol is the most advanced liquid fuel because it is environmentally friendly. Enhancing fuel ethanol production will require developing lower-cost feedstock, and only lignocellulosic feedstock is available in sufficient quantities to substitute for corn starch. Xylose is the major pentose found in lignocellulosic materials and after glucose the most abundant sugar available in nature. Recently a lot of attentions have been focused on designing metabolic pathway of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in order to expand the substrate of ethanol fermentation, because it is a traditional ethanol producing strain and has wonderful properties for ethanol industry. However, it can not utilize xylose but convert the isomer, xylulose. Many attempts are based on introducing the genes in the pathway of xylose metabolism. The further research includes overexpressing the key enzyme or decreasing the unimportant flux. The sugars in lignocellulose hydrolyzates, therefore, could be efficiently utilized. Here, we describe the ethanol pathway engineering progress in ethanol fermentation from xylose with recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Hydrogen photoproduction from acetate by Rhodopseudomonas palustris / 生物工程学报

Based on the characteristics of metabolism of photosynthetic bacteria and the major kinds of organic compounds produced in wastewater degradation, eleven kinds of organic compounds were chosen for hydrogen photoproduction using Rhodopseudomonas palustris Z strain. The maximal volumetric H2 productivity was obtained using acetate as the sole carbon source and electron donor. The kinetics of cell growth and H2 liberation, and the influences of several major limiting factors on photoevolution of H2 were examined using acetate as carbon source. It was shown that hydrogen production was partially correlated with cell growth. The medium composition of the preculture, the preculture time, and inoculation volume were confirmed to have big effects on hydrogen photoevolution. The time delay of H2 production was evidently shortened using the inoculum of late exponential growth phase or stationary phase using ammonium sulfate as nitrogen source or with the inoculum of middle exponential growth phase using glutamate as the nitrogen source. The identity of temperature and light intensity for H2 evolution and cell growth has significant potential application in the technology of splitting organic acid into H2 by photosynthetic bacteria. The concentrations of acetate and glutamate in the medium affected hydrogen photoevolution and cell growth significantly. The productivity of H2 increased with substrate concentrations when substrate concentrations of sodium acetate and sodium glutamate were lower than 70 mmol/L and 15 mmol/L, respectively. Hydrogen production was inhibited but the cell growth was faster when the concentration of sodium glutamate over 15 mmol/L due to forming free NH4+. The highest rate of hydrogen production was 19.4 mL.L-1.h-1 using 30 mmol/L of sodium acetate as hydrogen donor under the standard conditions, respectively. The optimal conditions for hydrogen production were 35-37 degrees C, 6000-8000 lx and pH 7.3-8.3. The effects of oxygen and inoculation volume on photoproduction of hydrogen were also discussed.

Change of Interleukin-2 in Nasopharyngeal Secretion of Children with Acute Respiratory Syncytial Virus Bronchitis / 实用儿科临床杂志

0.05).Conclusion There is no association between IL-2 levels in NS and RSV bronchitis.The IL-2 levels show a heterogenous behavior.

Application of Response Surface Analysis (RSA) in Fermentation Condition Optimization of Penicillium decumbens Ju-A_(10) for CMCase Production / 微生物学通报

Fermentation condition optimization of P. decumbens Ju-A10 for production of CMCase using three kinds of plant cellulosic wastes as carbon sources was made using RSA method. The result was that CMCase was the highest when the level of carbon source was 9. 77 % , 8. 69 % and 9. 97% , and liquid volume was 64. 7 mL, 54. 2 mL, 40. 8 mL for carbon sources of millet straw, wheat straw and paper sludge, respectively. The value of CMCase was 29. 26IU/mL, 29. 14 IU/mL, 29. 81 IU/mL, respectively, in the above cases. The value of R2 is 0. 9117 , 0. 9246, 0. 8655 , respectively. It could be concluded that the fermentation models were quite reliable. The method can be applied in optimization of fungi fermentation medium.

SCREENING OF STRAINS PRODUCING EXTRACELLULAR MELANIN / 微生物学通报

The growth and pigment production of 47 strains on casein medium were studied comparatively.T4 and Neurospora crassa AS 3.1602 were selected for their capacity of producing melanin on five different culture media. Melanin produced by T4 was investigated, and T4 was identified as Proteus mirabilis primarily.

STUDY ON LIQUID CONDITIONS IN SHAKING FLASKS FOR LACCASE PRODUCTION BY A WHITE ROT FUNGUS / 微生物学通报

A white-rot fungi Rigidoporus sp.W-1 which could produce laccase was isolated. The fermentation conditions in shaking flasks were investigated. The optimal carbon source was wheat bran and (NH 4) 2SO 4 was the optimal nitrogen source. The components of the medium were optimized by orthogonal experiment. When W-1 was cultured under the optimum conditions, the activity of laccase could get to 7.1U/mL in 7 days.A great amount of crude laccase could be obtained by adding fresh medium to the 7 days old mycelium.