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Objective To analyze the advantages, disadvantages, opportunities and challenges for schistosomiasis elimination in Laos, so as to propose the corresponding healthy policies and suggestions. Methods A SWOT analysis was performed to analyze the strength, weakness, opportunity and threat for the schistosomiasis elimination program in Laos, and the corresponding policy suggestions were proposed. Results The national schistosomiasis elimination program of Laos receives governmental emphases and great supports. A strategy based on mass drug administration was proposed and a sentinel site-bases surveillance system has been built for schistosomiasis elimination in Laos; however, there are several challenges for the national schistosomiasis elimination program in Laos, including insufficient financial supports, inadequate professional capability, weak schistosomiasis control awareness in community populations and difficulty in vector control. Conclusions Persistent governmental leadership, increasing financial supports, strengthening professional team building and improving schistosomiasis control awareness in community populations are required to facilitate the progress towards schistosomiasis elimination in Laos.
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Objective To investigate the effect of short-term global health training on tropical diseases in China,so as to provide the reference in professional trainings.Methods The study took the short-term global health training project on tropical diseases in China as an example.The structured questionnaires were distributed to each trainee pre-and post-training course. Results A total of 89 trainees were included in the survey,and 68.5%(61 cases)of the trainees were older than 35 years and 85.4%(76 cases)of the trainees came from provincial institutes.The passing rate for the test of global health knowledge was sig-nificantly improved from the pre-training test(18.0%,16/89)to the post one(68.2%,58/85)(χ2=44.930,P<0.05).The knowledge of global health was closely related to the professionals'capacity,i.e.,the education level,age,professional title, and experience of international cooperation,but was not statistically related to their genders. Conclusion This kind of short-term trainings not only greatly improves the professionals'knowledge of tropical diseases control,but also is expected to play a leading role in the international cooperation of global health and tropical diseases control in the future.
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Objective To investigate the management and control of hypertension in patients with chronic kidney disease(CKD) and its associated factors.Methods Data of 726in-patients with CKD and hypertension who hospitalized in our hospital from March 2009 to April 2010 were studied.Results 91.74％ of patients was treated with antihypertensive medications,and 21.21％, 22.59％, 19.56％, 28.37％ of patients received 1, 2, 3, ≥4 antihypertensive drugs,respectively.42.4％ of patients with CKD and hypertension could be controlled up to the standard,and the mean blood pressure was(137.86±20.75)/(76.30±11.35) mm Hg.There was significant difference among stage 1 plus 2, 3, 4 plus 5 (non-dialysis), 5 (dialysis) kidney diseases, with the hypertension control rate being 50.8％, 46.7％, 42.0％, 33.5％, respectively.The hypertension control rate of non-dialysis patients was significantly higher than that of dialysis (44.9％ vs 33.5％,P＜0.05).There was no significant difference between blood dialysis group and peritoneal dialysis group(32.3％ vs 38.7％, P＞0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that female (OR=1.787, 95％CI 1.045-3.056)and ACEI application (OR=4.378, 95％CI1.830-10.472) were positively associated with hypertension control.Whereas, diabetes (OR=0.415, 95％CI 0.188-0.919)and pulse pressure (OR =0.847, 95％ CI 0.811-0.885) were associated with inadequate blood pressure control.ConclusionsDespite almost universal hypertension treatment is used in patients with CKD and high blood pressure, the hypertension control rate is still suboptimal.Female and ACEI are positively associated with adequate hypertension control, whereas diabetes and pulse pressure are negatively associated with the standard.
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<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Significant progress has taken place over the past 50 years in the control of schistosomiasis japonica in China. However, the available data suggested that schistosomiasis has re-emerged shortly after the World Bank Loan Project which was conducted from 1992 to 2001. The national control program with a revised strategy to control schistosomiasis by using integrated measures has been implemented since 2005. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of the national program on schistosomiasis control from 2005 to 2008.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A retrospective study was carried out to analyze the epidemic patterns of acute infections with Schistosoma japonicum (S. japonicum), based on the number of acute cases annually collected from the web-based national communicable diseases reporting system from 2005 to 2008.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 564, 207, 83 and 57 acute cases infected with S. japonicum were reported nationwide in 2005, 2006, 2007 and 2008, respectively, with an average annual reduction rate of 46.35% during last four years. Six outbreaks of acute infection with S. japonicum were reported in 2005 but none in the period of 2006 to 2008. All acute cases that were reported mainly came from the lake regions and became infected during the higher risk periods from the 27th to 43rd weeks of the year. Most of these cases are students (44.87%), farmers (31.51%) and fishermen (7.79%) who got the infection by water contact mainly through swimming (41.49%) and production activities (40.25%). With time, the proportion of imported cases among all acute cases increased due to more frequent movement of people that has occurred with a more mobile population.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The national control program on schistosomiasis aliened with the revised control strategy has been effectively brought into effect. However, there is still a significant risk of infection among students, farmers and fishermen living in the lake regions. Therefore, it is important to strengthen control measures among risk populations in the high risk areas of transmission, or the lake regions.</p>
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Animals , Humans , Acute Disease , Epidemiology , China , Epidemiology , Retrospective Studies , Schistosoma japonicum , Virulence , Schistosomiasis , EpidemiologyABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the schizontocidal activity of recrystallized or crude daphnetin against malaria parasites in vivo.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Schizontocidal activity of recrystallized or crude daphnetin at various dosages was assessed in mice infected with Plasmodium berghei ANKA using a "4-day suppress assay".</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The comparison of the reduction rate of parasitemia caused by either recrystallized or crude dephnetin showed that ED(50) of crude daphnetin was 18.36 mg/kg, with 95% confidence limit of 5.96-56.54 mg/kg while ED50 of recrystallized daphnetin was 11.46 mg/kg, with 95% confidence limit of 8.63-15.22 mg/kg.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The results indicate that the efficacy of recrystallized daphnetin is 37.6% higher than that of crude daphnetin.</p>