Analysis of 9 cases of pediatric-type follicular lymphoma / 中华儿科杂志

Objective: To summarize the pathological diagnosis, clinical features, treatment methods and outcomes of pediatric-type follicular lymphoma (PTFL). Methods: Clinical data including the pathology, clinical features, treatment methods, and follow-up results of 9 PTFL patients admitted to Henan Cancer Hospital from February 2017 to February 2023 were analyzed retrospectively. Results: The age of onset in 9 children was 6 to 18 years, all the patients were males. The clinical manifestation was local painless lymph node enlargement in the head and neck, with a stage of Ⅰ-Ⅱ. The histomorphological characteristics of PTFL were similar to those of classic follicular lymphoma (FL). The germinal center of most follicles were enlarged, the mantle zone disappeared, centroblasts were easily visible, and the histological grade were mostly grade Ⅲ, which may be accompanied by the "starry sky" phenomenon. Monoclonal peaks can be seen in B cell clonal rearrangements (BCR). Immunohistochemistry (IHC) showed CD20 positive, CD10 positive, Bcl-6 positive, Bcl-2 negative, C-myc negative, and Ki-67 was 70%-95%. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) test was negative for t (14, 18), Bcl-2 translocation, and C-myc translocation. Six cases underwent surgical resection, and 3 cases underwent surgical resection combined with chemotherapy. Up to February 2023, with a follow-up time of 45 to 72 months, all children survived without any recurrence and were in a complete remission state. Conclusions: PTFL is mainly characterized by adolescent male onset, with early clinical manifestations and pathological manifestations of high-level histological status, high proliferation index, and lack of t (14; 18)/Bcl-2 translocation and Bcl-2 expression. It is mainly treated by localized surgical excision and has a good prognosis.

Fecal microbiota transplantation for patients with refractory diarrhea after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation / 中华血液学杂志

Objective: To explore the availability and safety of fecal microbiota transplantation for patients with refractory diarrhea after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) . Methods: Four acute leukemia patients suffered from refractory diarrhea after allo-HSCT. One of them was refractory intestinal infection, the others were intestinal graft versus host disease. One or two doses of fecal microbiota, 3.4-6.0 U for one dose, were infused via nasal-jejunal tube. The curative effect and side effects were reviewed. Results: Three cases achieved complete remission while 1 was stable disease. The side effects included fever, abdominal pain and diarrhea, which all were Ⅰ grade. Conclusion: Fecal microbiota transplantation was effective and safe for refractory diarrhea after allo-HSCT.

The role of mesenchymal stem cells in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for patients with refractory severe aplastic anemia / 中华血液学杂志

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of mesenchymal stem cells in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for patients with refractory severe aplastic anemia (R-SAA) . Method: The clinical data of 25 R-SAA patients receiving co-transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells combined with peripheral blood stem cells from sibling donors (10 cases) and unrelated donors (15 cases) from March 2010 to July 2018 in Zhengzhou University Affiliated Tumor Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Antithymocyte globulin (ATG) treatment was ineffective/relapsed in 11 cases, and cyclosporine (CsA) treatment ineffective/relapsed in 14 cases. Results: There were 13 male and 12 female among these patients. One patient had a primary graft failure, one patient had a poorly engraftment of platelets, and the remaining 23 patients achieved hematopoietic engraftment. The median time of granulocyte engraftment was 12.5 (10-23) days and 15 (11-25) days for megakaryocyte. Incidences of grade Ⅰ/Ⅱ acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) and chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) were 37.5% (9/24) and 21.7% (5/23) , respectively. There was no severe GVHD and no severe complications that related to transplantation. 21 of 25 (84%) patients were alive with a median follow-up of 22.9 (1.6-107.8) months. The 5-year overall survival rate after transplantation was (83.6±7.5) %. Conclusion: The combination of mesenchymal stem cells is reliable and safe in the treatment of R-SAA in peripheral blood stem cell transplantation of unrelated donors and sibling donors, which could significantly reduce the incidence of GVHD and severe transplantation-related complications.

Therapeutic effect of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell lysates on rat arthritis induced by collagen / 中国实验血液学杂志

Our previous work has shown that mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have little therapeutic effect on rat arthritis induced by collagen. This study was aimed to further investigate whether the MSC lysates exhibit beneficial effects on rheumatoid arthritis. Aliquots of cell lysates from 1×10(7) human bone marrow MSC were intraperitoneally injected into collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) Wistar rats weekly for 4 consecutive weeks. Methotrexate at a dose of 1 mg/kg or normal saline was served as positive and negative controls respectively. On week 4 the symptom scores were recorded and the hind joints of the rats were pathologically examined and X-ray examination was performed. The results showed that on week 4, the symptom scores of the rats that received MSC lysates (6.87 ± 0.83) and MTX (6.44 ± 1.13) were significantly lower than that of control rats (7.33 ± 0.77, P < 0.01). Meanwhile, pathological examination on the involved ankle showed that the synovitis and arthritis scores of MSC lysates and control groups were 2.28 ± 0.48 and 2.28 ± 0.55 respectively, significantly higher than that of MTX treatment rats (0.71 ± 0.48, P < 0.05). However, X-ray examination on the ankle joints showed that the injury score of control rats was 4 ± 0.57, greatly higher than those from MSC lysates (2.71 ± 0.75) and MTX treatment groups (2.57 ± 0.78, P < 0.05 for both groups). It is concluded that MSC lysate infusion has beneficial effects on CIA rat, but the effectiveness seems inferior to MTX.

Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells have little preventive or therapeutic effect on rat arthritis induced by collagen / 中国实验血液学杂志

The aim of this study was to investigate if transfusion of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) could exhibit beneficial effects on rheumatoid arthritis. Human bone marrow MSC were intraperitoneally injected into Wistar rats with collagen-induced arthritis at a dose of 10(7) on the next day (preventive group) or 2 weeks (treatment group) after collagen II induction, once a week for 2 weeks (preventive group) or 4 weeks (treatment group). The control group was given normal saline (NS) at corresponding time. The symptom scorings were documented weekly from the second week of the induction. On week 6, the hind joints of the rats were pathologically examined and the activation status of splenocytes was analyzed by flow cytometry. The results showed that all the rats developed arthritis and subsequent joint abnormality. On the sixth week, symptom scores of the rats that received MSC preventive (9.5 ± 0.5) or therapeutic (9.4 ± 0.6) infusions had no significant difference between each other, but were significantly greater than those of the NS controls (7.6 ± 0.6, P < 0.05). Consistently, pathological examination on the involved knees showed that the synovitis and arthritis scorings of MSC treated rats were greatly elevated compared with NS controls. Furthermore, the ratios of CD86(+) cells in the spleens of MSC prevention, MSC treatment and NS control groups were (4.16 ± 1.48), (4.06 ± 1.97) and (4.15 ± 2.04) respectively, while those of CD11b/c(+)CD86(+) cells were (1.04 ± 0.68), (0.95 ± 0.56) and (0.98 ± 0.44), all of which were significantly higher than those of healthy controls [(0.97 ± 0.18) and (0.30 ± 0.17), P < 0.05 for both parameters]. It is concluded that MSC infusion has little beneficial effects on collagen-induced arthritis in rats, conversely, MSC therapy aggravated the damage of the involved joints, its underlying mechanisms need to be further investigated.

Effects of tumor necrosis factor-α on immunoregulatory activities of mesenchymal stem cells in vitro and in vivo / 中国实验血液学杂志

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are characterized by their potent immuno-regulatory activity, however our previous data have shown that MSC have no therapeutic effects on collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). To further clarify the complexity, the effects of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) on the in vitro and in vivo immunoregulatory activity of MSC were investigated in this study, as TNF-α is recognized as the key factor in the development of rheumatoid arthritis. The nuclear translocation of the inflammation-associated factor NF-κB was observed after human umbilical cord MSC were treated with TNF-α and the cell proliferation status was assessed by MTT test. The inhibitory effects of MSC or TNF-α-treated MSC on the mixed lymphocyte reaction, in which Wistar rat spleen mononuclear cells were served as the responders and the splenocytes from SD rat spleens as the stimulators, were also determined by the MTT test. Further, the therapeutic potentials of MSC or TNF-α-treated MSC were observed in a Wistar rat CIA model. The results showed that NF-κB translocated into the nuclei promptly after TNF-α treatment, though TNF-α had little effect on the MSC proliferation. MSC, whether pre-stimulated by TNF-α or not and when different doses were tested, exhibited obviously inhibitory effects on the proliferation of the lymphocytes (P < 0.001 for all groups tested), while MSC-treated by TNF-α displayed more potent suppression especially when low-density were used. Unexpectedly, the infiltration of inflammatory cells into the involved knees was aggravated by cell treatment and the pathological scores were significantly higher than those of controls (P < 0.05). It is concluded that the TNF-α exhibits different effects on immune regulation activity of MSC, and its underlying mechanism needs to further investigate.

Studies on phenolic compounds from Stellera chamaejasme / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the chemical constituents of the roots of Stellera chamaejasme.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The chemical constituents were separated and purified by chromatographic method after solvent extraction and were identified by spectroscopic analysis.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Two phenolic compounds were obtained and determined as stelleranol (1) and umbelliferone-7-O-glucoside (2).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Compound 1 was a new compound, and compound 2 was isolated from this plant for the first time.</p>