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OBJECTIVE：To st udy the effects of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonists （PNU282987）on improving cardiac remodeling of mice and Janus kinase 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3（JAK2/STAT3）signaling pathway. METHODS：Male Kunming mice were randomly divided into normal control group ，model group ，propranolol group （positive control，i.g. 40 mg/kg）and PNU 282987 low-dose，medium-close and high-dose groups （intraperitoneal injection of 0.5，1.0，3.0 mg/kg），with 10 mice in each group. Except for the normal control group ，mice in the other groups were given isoproterenol （ISO，30 mg/kg） subcutaneously for 7 days to induce the cardiac remodeling model. After 30 minutes of ISO injection ， administration groups were given relevant liquid ，once a day ，for 7 consecutive days. Twelve hours after last administration ，the left ventricular ejection fraction （EF）and left ventricular short axis shortening rate （FS）of mice in each group were measured ，and the whole heart mass index （HMI）was calculated ；the pathological changes of myocardium were observed. The serum contents of lactate dehydrogenase （LDH），creatine kinase （CK），tumor necrosis factor α（TNF-α），interleukin 6（IL-6），the protein expression of intercellular adhesion molecule 1（ICAM-1）and adhesion molecule 1（VCAM-1）were also determined. The ratios of p-JAK2/JAK2，p-STAT3/STAT3 in myocardial tissue were detected. RESULTS ：Compared with normal control group ，EF and FS of model group were significantly reduced ，HMI，the contents of LDH，CK，TNF-α and IL-6，the protein expression of ICAM- 1 and VCAM- 1，the ratio of p-JAK 2/JAK2 and p-STAT 3/STAT3 were increased significantly （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）； blue collagen deposition in the interstitium of myocardium was obvious，and the degree of fibrosis was severe. Compared with model group ， the EF and FS of the mice in the medium-dose and high-dose groups were increased significantly ， HMI （except for PNU 282987 medium-dose group ），the contents of LDH （except for PNU 282987 medium-dose group ），CK，TNF-α and IL-6，the protein expression of ICAM- 1 and VCAM- 1，the ratio of p-JAK 2/JAK2 and p-STAT 3/STAT3 were decreased significantly （P＜0.05 or P＜ 0.01）；blue collagen deposition in the myocardial interstitium was significantly reduced ，and the degree of myocardial fibrosis was significantly reduced. There was no significant difference in the comparison of the above indicators in PNU 282987 low-dose group （P＞0.05）. CONCLUSIONS ：PNU282987 can improve cardiac remodeling of mice ，the mechanism of which may be associated with inhibiting JAK 2/STAT3 signaling pathway.
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From April to November 2019, 5 community health service centers in Shanghai Hongkou District were randomly selected for thematic group interviews to investigate the current status, problems and challenge for further development of chronic disease management. The community chronic disease management was mainly divided into growth period (typically hypertension and diabetes) and introduction period (cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, respiratory diseases, dementia, osteoporosis). The management of hypertension and diabetes in the growing stage mainly faced difficulties such as refusal or non-cooperation of patients, loss of follow-up, incomplete quality control, not meeting quality control indicators, repeated management of comorbidities, insufficient information sharing, and discrepancy in assessment indicators of multiple parties. The management of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, respiratory diseases and other diseases in the introduction period mainly faced poor awareness rate of patients, loss of follow-up, difficulty in diagnosis, irregular medication, insufficient information sharing, lack of management plan, insufficient resource investment, and few variety of medicines in the community. The current management system should be refined to provide more effective and efficient chronic disease management in the community. Meanwhile, the awareness of residents, the information network and multi-center collaborative research also need to be strengthened.
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Objective:To understand the clinical research knowledge, attitude and practice of pediatrics residents in standardized residency training, and to provide scientific basis for improving their capability of clinical medical scientific research.Methods:A self-complied questionnaire survey including demographic information, knowledge and attitudes toward capability of medical scientific research as well as personal interview was conducted in 22 pediatric residents during the standardized residency training from April to July, 2017. Data were analyzed by (mean±standard deviation) and percentage for description, and qualitative data were analyzed by classification and induction. SPSS 18.0 was used to analyze the data.Results:Firstly, the total score of basic knowledge in clinical scientific research was (54.14±23.06), with the scores between 31 and 60 being the most. Secondly, all these residents believed that capability of clinical medical scientific research was very important for them and clinical research training was necessary for them during the standardized residency training. Thirdly, the residents had the scientific research practices but no article published during the standardized residency training. Fourthly, the residents hoped to improve their capability of clinical scientific research by various means during the training.Conclusion:It is indicated that basic knowledge on capability of clinical medical research is still insufficient in standardized residency training of pediatrics residents, so relevant measures should be taken to cultivate their capability of clinical scientific research.
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Objective@#To understand the status quo and differences of the rights and interests of primary medical staff in a community, and to provide targeted suggestions for improving the rights of such staff.@*Methods@#From October to November 2018, a questionnaire survey was conducted on all the medical staff of 8 community health service centers in a district of Shanghai, and 562 valid samples were obtained.@*Results@#The primary medical staff had the highest demands for " pay rise" (4.783±0.598), " paid vacation" (4.569±0.873)and " additional reserve fund" (4.553±0.963); the lowest demands were placed on " education-based promotion" (3.797±1.382), " refresher training" (3.801±1.314), and " opinion feedback mechanism" (4.018±1.223). At the same time, the rights and interests of these staff in different occupational categories were significantly different(P<0.05)in " daily reimbursement" , " housing subsidy" , " refresher training" and " opinion feedback mechanism" .@*Conclusions@#The salary demands of the primary medical staff are the most obvious, and there are differences in the demands of medical staff in different occupational categories. It is suggested to establish a more reasonable salary system and pay attention to the differentiated appeals of different medical personnel.
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Objective To explore application on improving basic knowledge of clinical scientific research based on PDCA circle in the standardized training of pediatrics residents and to provide scientific basis for improving the capability of clinical scientific research in standardized training of pediatrics residents. Methods Based on previous research results, the training courses of improving the capability of clinical scientific research based on conception of PDCA were practiced . The examination of basic knowledge of clinical scientific research before and after training and satisfaction questionnaire in pattern, contents , time arrangements as well as effect of training courses were conducted among 22 pediatrics residents from April to July, 2017. Data were analyzed using Mean, Standard deviation and proportion for description and the data before and after training were given a independent-sample t test. The training courses were taken for 3 months. Results ①Compared with the training courses before, the average scores of basic knowledge in capability of clinical scientific research were improved after training [(54.14±23.06) vs. (73.63±21.05)]. ②Insufficiency of some basic clinical scientific research knowledge still existed and there was no statistical difference between the results before and after the training in those areas. ③ In the standardized training, pediatrics residents were satisfied with the pattern, contents and results of training courses, except for the time arrangement. Conclusion The training courses based on PDCA circle can significantly improve the capability of clinical scientific research in the standardized training of pediatrics residents.
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About 80％ of children with malignant cancer in developed countries could be cured, while the sur-vival rate in developing countries that account for 80％ of the cases was lower than that of the developed countries. Treatment abandonment is the primary cause leading to the therapeutic failure and mortality in developing coun-tries. This paper discussed the current situation of treatment abandonment of pediatric cancer, the ethical issues and put forward the corresponding solutions, in order to attract more attention of scholars and take corresponding measures, thus to help improve the prognosis of pediatric cancer.
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Autophagy is a catabolic process responsible for the degradation and recycling of misfolded proteins and damaged organelles for cellular homeostasis. This degradative pathway,closely related to many diseases including cancer,has become a focus of cancer research. lt can serve as a tumor suppressor,also functions as a protective cell-survival mechanism against chemotherapies. Of the autophagy-related proteins,vacuolar protein sorting 34(VPS34)has attracted major attention over the past decade because of its role in autophagic procedure. Recently,three specific inhibitors of VPS34,PlK-Ⅲ,VPSlN1 and SlR405,have been invented,showing unique implications for autophagy reduction and therapeutic benefit in tumor treatment. This paper summarizes the different roles of autophagy in clinical settings and the functional regulation of VPS34 upon post-translational modification and also discusses the application prospects of inhibitors targeting VPS34 or autophagy in cancer prevention and treatment.
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Objective To investigate the expression of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and its associated mechanism during the wound healing. Methods The animal model with the full-thickness skin injury was used in the study. Fifty male mice were involved in the study and divided randomly into control group (n = 25) and GM-CSF group (n = 25). Each group had five time points (5 mice per time point). All the mice received full-thickness skin defect (1 cm × 1 cm) through the panniculus camosus on the midline of the back near the neck after anesthesia. Recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (RhGM-CSF) gel (10 μg/cm2) were applied in the GM-CSF group and gel matrix without RhGM-CSF applied in the control group. The wound healing time and rate were observed at days 3, 5, 7, 10 and 14 after injury. The wound specimens were collected to detect the histopathological change. The microvessel density of the wound was counted based on the results of CD31 immunohistochemistry. RT-PCR was employed to detect the expression changes of GMCSF, platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) , vascular endothelial growth factor ( VEGF) and stromal cell derived factor-1 (SDF-1). Results RT-PCR results showed that the gene expression of GM-CSF reached the peak at day 3 after injury (P＜0. 01) and kept the high level at days 3-10 after injury (P＜ 0. 05) , followed by a sharp decrease to a normal level at day 14 after wound. The wound healing time was average (2.4 ±0. 3) days earlier than the control mice after application of rhGM-CSF, with significant increase of the wound healing rate during 7-14 days after injury ( P ＜ 0. 05 ). In the GM-CSF group, the early histology of trauma wound showed a small number of neutrophils, obvious epithelial cell proliferation in the wound margin, marked hyperplasia of the granulation tissue, high cell density with quantity of spindle-shaped and oval-shaped cells and increased number of new blood vessels. The microvessel density was also increased significantly (P ＜ 0. 05) at days 7-14 after injury. The gene expressions of VEGF and SDF-1 were significantly increased at day 7 and day 10 respectively after injury (P＜0.05) and the gene expression of pro-healing factor PDGF was significantly increased in every time point (at days 5, 7 and 10,P＜0.05;at day 14,P＜0.01). Conclusion GM-CSF expresses highly in the early stage after injury and can promote the wound healing, when the mechanism may relate to the up-regulated expressions of pro-angiogenic factors and pro-healing growth factors.
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objective To assess the DNA damage of radiation workers in different grade hospitals,and to explore the correlation between the types of work or work time and the levels of DNA damage.Methods DNA single strand break were detected by using alkaline single cell gel electrophoresis(SCGE),and the comet was analyzed with CASP(Comet Assay Software Project).TDNA,TL,TM and OTM were calculated.Results The parameters of SCGE in the radiation greup were higher than those of control group(F=3.93,P<0.01).The significant difference was found not only among the different types of work or difierent work time,but also among the different grade hospitals(F=1.83,1.9 1,P<0.05).Conclusions Various levels of DNA damage could be detected in the radiation workers of the two hospitals.DNA damage of radiation workers is less serious in the higher-grade hospital than the lower grade one.Different types of work or work time might affect the DNA damage level.
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Objective To study the anti-depressant effect of Xiaoyaofang on mice with behavioral despair. Method The mice were given the forced swimming test and tail suspension test to observe the anti-depressant effect of Xiaoyaofang. Result The high dosage of Xi-aoyaofang significantly shortened fast time in the tail suspension test of mice(P < 0.05). And Xiaoyaofang showed the trend of shortening the needed time in the forced swimming test. Conclusion Xiaoyaofang have an anti-depressant effect on mice with behavioral despair.
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Objective:To study the effect of ultramicro-shatter technology on penetrating skin absorption of isorhamnetin-3-O-neohesperidin in Zhongtongxiao Cataplasm.Methods:To apply reformed Frans penetrating skin absorption cell marching extraorgan penetrating skin experiment.HPLC method was used to determine the content of isorhamnetin-3-Oneohesperidin in ultramicro-shatter Zhongtongxiao Cataplasm and in common Zhongtongxiao Cataplasm.Results:The Q-t equation of ultramicro-shatter Zhongtongxiao Cataplasm:Q=3.0382t+47.082,penetrating skin velocity:3.0382(?g.cm2/h);the Q-t equation of common Zhongtongxiao Cataplasm:Q=2.7967t+39.752,penetrating skin velocity:2.7967(?g.cm2/h);Extraction rate of dynamic extracting micro-powder,the ephedrina hydrochloridum,glycyrrhizic acid and glycyrrhizae glycoside were higher than the trdtional cut crude drug decocting.Conclusion:The accumulating osmolality and penetrating skin velocity of isorhamnetin-3-O-neohesperidin in ultramicro-shatter Zhongtongxiao Cataplasm were all better than those in common Zhongtongxiao Cataplasm,it explained that ultramicro-shatter technology accelerate the dissolution of medicine compsitions.
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[Objective]To discuss the influence of posterior cervical titanium internal fixation system on magnetic resonance image(MRI).[Method]Six cases that had operated in Changhai hospital with posterior cervical titanium internal fixation system performed MRI scan.The MRI system were 1.0-T or 1.5-T scanner.Patients all performed sagital T1,T2 and axial T1-weighted image scan under turbo spin echo(TSE)sequence,then the artifacts and its influence on the MRI image were analyzed.[Result]Mean artifact size ranged from 2 to 3 times of actual screw size.The artifact was similar to the primary shape of internal fixation system with low intensity signal on center and high intensity signal on the margin.The details in the spinal canal can be distinguished.The rod had small artifact,but the laminar hook had large artifact which obscured the posterior structure of spinal canal,and the artifact of pedicle screw had influence on lateral spinal canal,nerve root and vertebral artery.[Conclusion]Patients with posterior cervical titanium internal fixation system should choose Turbo spin echo(TSE)sequence for MRI scan,if the spin echo is performed,the TE should be minimized.
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Objective: To optimize the formulation of Ketanning dispersible tablet.Methods: The Ketanning dispersible tablet was prepared by using wet granules.The formulation and preparation technology was optimized by using orthogonal design which took the situation of granules,appearance of taablets,the disintegrating time and the tensile strength as indices.Results: The optimized formulation contained,10%MCC,10% PVPP is inner,10% PVPP is outer,1% magnesium stearate.The tensile strength,the disintegrating time were 70N and 3min respectively.Conclusion: It is successful to prepare immediate release tablet.The optimized formulation is rational and stable,the tablet could be released quickly.
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Object To study the condition of Wenpi Decoction (WPD) with being decocted first and later added medicinal materials. Methods Contents of aconitine and free anthraquinone in WPD were determined by HPCE. Results Aconitine could reach the safe limit after Radix Aconiti Preparata being decocted 30 min first and the content of free anthraquinone was the highest after Radix et Rhizomea Rhei being decocted 10 min later. Conclusion Radix Aconiti Preparata should be decocted first and Radix et Rhizomea Rhei should be decocted later in WPD.
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AIM: To determine the HPLC fingerprint of ultramicro decoction piece of Radix paeoniae Alba. METHODS: HPLC was used to analyze the extracts of ultramicro decoction piece of Radix paeomae Alba from 10 different sources. RESULTS: The fingerprint of ultramicro decoction piece of Radix paeoniae Alba was composed of 20 peaks,among which there were 10 characteristic peaks. CONCLUSION: The fingerprmt can be used to control the ultramicro decoction piece of Radix paeoniae Alba qualities.
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AIM: To provide application and identification basis for methanol-extratis of Fructus aurantii by constructing the HPLC-FP. METHODS: The C_(18) column was used with a mobile phase of(A)(0.095%) phosphoric acid acetonitrile-(B)(0.095%) phosphoric acid gradient elution.The flow rate was(1.0) mL/min.The wavelength of detecter was set at 330 nm.Naringin was reference standard. RESULTS: By cluster analysis,the eighteen kinds of Fructus aurantii samples were classified as four clusters: the superior in producing area,the ordinary in producing area,the ordinary and the inferior.By similarity calculation,the similarity of the superior in producing area and the ordinary in producing area were(0.9)～(1.0),and the ordinary and the inferior were less than(0.9). CONCLUSION: The HPLC-FP of Fructus aurantii has been established.The method can be used to identify and evaluate the quality of Fructus aurantii.
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AIM: To provide a HPLC fingerprint of Fructus aurantii micropowder in order to create a basis for(identification.) METHODS: With the help of computer similarity evaluation,Seventeen kinds of Fructus aruantii sample were pulverized and micronized separately,then were extracted by methanol and compared correlation between both extracts. RESULTS: In methanol extraction,contents of aurantiamarin,hesperidin and neohesperidin in micropowder were more than that in pulverized powders,correlation of both HPLC fingerprint was 0.9~1.0. CONCLUSION: The method established can be used for identifying and evaluating crud drug of Fructus aurantii,and further prove that micronization is beneficial to increasing flavonoid dissolution.
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AIM: To study the clinical efficacy of Jinchang Capsule for the treatment of type 2 diabetes of blood-stasis syndrome. METHODS: From JAN.2001 to OCT.2004, 48 cases were divided randomly into two groups.32 cases in the treatment group were treated with oral Jinchang Capsule combined with Western medicine therapy, and 22 cases in the control group were simply treated with Western medicine therapy, with a course of 8 weeks. The changes of clinical symptoms, and fasting blood glucose (FBG), 2 h post prandial glucose(2hFBG), HbAlc, total cholesterol (Tc), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL-c), low-density lipoprotein (LDL-c) levels, and hemorheological parameters were analysed. The safety of the medicine was evaluated also. RESULTS: After treatment, the clinical symptomatic integrals were decreased remarkably in the treatment group (P0.05). There was no significant side-effect in the treatment group. CONCLUSION: The results obtained suggest that Jinchang Capsule can improve the clinical symptomatic integrals and remarkably enhance total clinical efficacy. Combining with the basic Western medicinal treatment of diabetes, it can control the obstinate hyperglycemia, and improve fat metabolism as well as bemorheological parameters. It has indicated that Jinchang Capsule has multipurpose therapeutic actions for diabetes mellitus.
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AIM: To investigate the influence of microwave-assisted extraction on flavone contents of Pollen Tyhae micropowder. METHODS: Ultraviolet spectrophotometer and HPLC were applied to analyze Pollen Tyhae micropowder, total flavon and isorhamnetin-3-O-neohespridoside were adopted as the marker, respectively. RESULTS: Appropriate conditions of microwave-assisted extraction included: extraction time of 8min, ethanol concentration of 70%, Solid/liquid ratio of 1∶18 (g?mL -1) and the power of microwave oven of 540w. CONCLUSION: Compared with normal reflux method, microwave-assisted extraction of Pollen Typhae micropowder is more useful and can improve the extraction rate the reduce the extracting time.
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Objective: To provide experiment data for ultra fine prepared mineral drugs Methods: Electron microscope scannin,X ray diffraction were used in identification, atomic emit sectrum was used in determination. Results: The dissolution rate of ca 2+ composition could be high.The ultra fine prepared of minaral drugs could be prepared with powder diameter of K 4。 Conclusion: Ultra fine Prepared fluoritum and gypsum fibrosum may Save clinically dose.