ABSTRACT
The adjacent anatomy of the pelvis is complicated, with digestive, urinary, reproductive and other organs as well as important blood vessels and nerves. Therefore, accurate resection of pelvic tumors and precise reconstruction of defects after resection are extremely difficult. The development of medical 3D printing technology provides new ideas for precise resection and personalized reconstruction of pelvic tumors. The “triune” application of 3D printing personalized lesion model, osteotomy guide plate and reconstruction prosthesis in pelvic tumor limb salvage reconstruction treatment has achieved good clinical results. However, the current lack of normative guidance standards such as preparation and application of 3D printing personalized lesion model, osteotomy guide plate and reconstruction prosthesis restricts its promotion and application. The formulation of this consensus provides normative guidance for 3D printing personalized pelvic tumor limb salvage reconstruction treatment.
ABSTRACT
Bone defect repairing and reconstruction has been a hot research topic in orthopedics for a long time. Tissue engineering and stem cell technology have made a series of important achievements in promoting bone regeneration to treat bone defect. In recent years, 3D bio-printing, which combining with 3D printing, tissue engineering and stem cell technology, has significant advantages in optimizing the geometry, mechanical properties and biological functions of repairing tissue for bone defect by accurately controlling the shape and internal structure of scaffolds, and printing biomaterials, stem cells and (or) cells into three-dimensional biological functional structures. A series of important progress has been achieved. The common printing methods for bio-printing related to orthopedic include: Inkjet 3D bioprinting; microextrusion 3D bioprinting; laser-assisted 3D bioprinting; stereolithography; microvalve based 3D bioprinting. Various printing methods and principles are not the same, and each has advantages and disadvantages, and the applicable "bio ink" is also different. The key technologies of orthopedic bio-3D printing include: the methods of image data acquisition and 3D structure design; development and application of composite bio-scaffold materials suitable for 3D printing, tissue engineering and bone-enhancing effect; stem cell selection for ensuring graft biological performance and induced pluripotent stem cell technology; in vitro bioreactor technology for improving the maturity and biocharacterization of bioprinted tissues. The literature published in the field of biological 3D printing research has continued to grow at a high rate since 2008. Using the bibliometric analysis software VOSviewer to create a co-word matrix for high-frequency keywords and to draw a keyword co-occurrence network map analysis, biological 3D printing research hotspots are the use of tissue engineering methods to 3D printed tissue scaffolds, while studying cell survival and drug effects. The instruments and methods of bio-3D printing are also one of the research hotspots.
ABSTRACT
Bone defect repairing and reconstruction has been a hot research topic in orthopedics for a long time.Tissue engineering and stem cell technology have made a series of important achievements in promoting bone regeneration to treat bone defect.In recent years,3D bio-printing,which combining with 3D printing,tissue engineering and stem cell technology,has significant advantages in optimizing the geometry,mechanical properties and biological functions of repairing tissue for bone defect by accurately controlling the shape and internal structure of scaffolds,and printing biomaterials,stem cells and (or) cells into three-dimensional biological functional structures.A series of important progress has been achieved.The common printing methods for bioprinting related to orthopedic include:Inkjet 3D bioprinting;microextrusion 3D bioprinting;laser-assisted 3D bioprinting;stereolithography;microvalve based 3D bioprinting.Various printing methods and principles are not the same,and each has advantages and disadvantages,and the applicable "bio ink" is also different.The key technologies of orthopedic bio-3D printing include:the methods of image data acquisition and 3D structure design;development and application of composite bio-scaffold materials suitable for 3D printing,tissue engineering and bone-enhancing effect;stem cell selection for ensuring graft biological performance and induced pluripotent stem cell technology;in vitro bioreactor technology for improving the maturity and biocharacterization of bioprinted tissues.The literature published in the field of biological 3D printing research has continued to grow at a high rate since 2008.Using the bibliometric analysis software VOSviewer to create a co-word matrix for high-frequency keywords and to draw a keyword co-occurrence network map analysis,biological 3D printing research hotspots are the use of tissue engineering methods to 3D printed tissue scaffolds,while studying cell survival and drug effects.The instruments and methods of bio-3D printing are also one of the research hotspots.
ABSTRACT
The clinical demands for tissue and organ regeneration ars increasing. three-dimensional bioprinting can not only solve the problem of tissue replacement and regeneration, but also meet the personalized needs of patients by constructing highly bionic tissues and functional substitutes of active tissues and organs. So, it has broad application potential in orthopedics. The authors mainly introduce the main progress of 3D bioprinting in basic research of orthopedics such as bone tissue printing, cartilage tissue printing, biphasic printing of bone and cartilage as well as in clinical application of traumatic orthopedics, which may provide reference for clinical application of 3D bioprinting.
ABSTRACT
3D printing is an important technology occurs in 1980s,which has been about more than 30 years since the first 3D printing machine was developed.Currently,it develops rapidly and its application scope has been greatly expanded.Its most prominent features are the "personalized" printing and the diversification of "printing ink".The "personalized" printing can make it possible to tailor the biological materials for each patient,and the diversity of "printing ink" can make the technology meeting different clinical needs.3D printing can be divided into four aspects:l) the collection and formation of inage of printing object;2) the treatment and the transformation of the image information;3) printing based on the data formatted;4) the post-treatment and pedormance evaluating of the printing object.At present,the common methods related to orthopaedics include:1) stereolithography appearance;2) selective laser sintering;3) fused deposition modeling;4) laminated object manufacturing;5) the direct metal melting technology (selective laser melting or electron beam melting);6) the ink jet printing technology.A variety of materials have been used in 3D printers,including the natural medical materials like collagen and chitosan,the synthetic polymers like polylactic acid,polyglycolic acid and peek,the bioactive ceramic materials like hydroxyapatite,the medical metal materials like titanium.The 3D printed material are mainly used in the following seven aspects in orthopaedics:1) the preoperative planning,such as the printing of the lesion and resection model;2) operation navigation make the surgery procedure more accurate;3) making the customized prosthesis and implant;4) implanting the external fixation;5) the development of new surgical instruments meets the special needs of patients;6) making the personalized tissue engineering scaffold used in regenerative medicine;7) the development of drug and its release study.
ABSTRACT
3D printing is an important technology occurs in 1980s,which has been about more than 30 years since the first 3D printing machine was developed.Currently,it develops rapidly and its application scope has been greatly expanded.Its most prominent features are the "personalized" printing and the diversification of "printing ink".The "personalized" printing can make it possible to tailor the biological materials for each patient,and the diversity of "printing ink" can make the technology meeting different clinical needs.3D printing can be divided into four aspects:l) the collection and formation of inage of printing object;2) the treatment and the transformation of the image information;3) printing based on the data formatted;4) the post-treatment and pedormance evaluating of the printing object.At present,the common methods related to orthopaedics include:1) stereolithography appearance;2) selective laser sintering;3) fused deposition modeling;4) laminated object manufacturing;5) the direct metal melting technology (selective laser melting or electron beam melting);6) the ink jet printing technology.A variety of materials have been used in 3D printers,including the natural medical materials like collagen and chitosan,the synthetic polymers like polylactic acid,polyglycolic acid and peek,the bioactive ceramic materials like hydroxyapatite,the medical metal materials like titanium.The 3D printed material are mainly used in the following seven aspects in orthopaedics:1) the preoperative planning,such as the printing of the lesion and resection model;2) operation navigation make the surgery procedure more accurate;3) making the customized prosthesis and implant;4) implanting the external fixation;5) the development of new surgical instruments meets the special needs of patients;6) making the personalized tissue engineering scaffold used in regenerative medicine;7) the development of drug and its release study.
ABSTRACT
To investigate the effect of entangled titanium fibre balls [ETFBs] combined with nano strontium hydroxyapatite [nano-Sr-HAP] on the repair of bone defects in vivo. Twenty-four 6-month-old, specific pathogen-free, male Sprague-Dawley rats were used. Drill defects were created in bilateral femoral condyles. ETFBs combined with nano-Sr-HAP were selected randomly from 72 samples and implanted into the femoral bone defects of left legs, which served as the experimental group, while ETFBs without nano-Sr-HAP were implanted into right legs for comparison. The bone defects on both sides were Xrayed. The anteroposterior positions and histological procedures and evaluations of each sample were performed at 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks post-surgery. Histological results showed that the ETBs allowed new bone to grow within their structure. Additionally, an increase in new bone was seen on the nano-Sr-HAP side compared to the control side. The results of histomorphometric analysis confirmed that the new bone formation on the left side gradually increased with time. There was a statistical increase in new bone at 2, 4 and 8 weeks, and the differences between the two sides were statistically significant at weeks 4 and 8 [p < 0.05 for all comparisons]. The results showed that ETFBs possess a unique 3-dimensional interconnective porous structure and have excellent biocompatibility, cell affinity and osteoconductivity, which makes them useful as scaffold materials for repairing bone defects. On the other hand, nano- Sr-HAP improved the bone defect-repairing capacity of the ETFBs, which showed osteoinductive properties
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:Calcium sulfate has good biocompatibility and biodegradability, which is a safe and effective bone graft substitute. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the osteogenesis ability of calcium sulfate combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. METHODS:After L4/5 posterior lumbar discectomy, 36 rabbits were randomized into three groups:rabbits in autologous bone group were implanted with autologous iliac bone via the intervertebral space;animals in al ogenic bone group were implanted with decalcified bovine bone;rabbits in tissue-engineered bone group were implanted with calcium sulfate combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Bone formation and molding were observed by gross observation, anteroposterior and lateral X-ray, histology and biomechanics at 4, 8 and 16 weeks. Cal us specimens were employed for histological observation of interbody fusion. Biomechanical analysis of spinal fusion site was conducted at 16 weeks. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Sixteen weeks later, interbody fusion was complete in the autologous bone group, the trabecular bone bridged continuously and a large amount of woven bone was merged into pieces;in the al ogenic bone group, incomplete bony fusion was found between the intervertebral space, most of cartilage tissues differentiated into bone, but fibrous tissue was also ful of the central part;in the tissue-engineered bone group, interbody fusion was complete, and a large amount of woven bone was fused into pieces, while the artificial bone was absorbed and ossified with smal residual. Failure strength and stiffness in the autologous bone and tissue-engineered bone groups were superior to those in the al ogenic bone group. These findings indicate that the calcium sulfate/bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells tissue-engineered bone has excellent osteogenic and osteoinductive capacity that can exert a good function of promoting spinal interbody fusion.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: There were disadvantages of animal models in the study of the relationship of muscle and skeleton. Recent study has been demonstrated the effect of Botulinum toxin type A to atrophy local muscle without influencing the surrounding muscle.OBJECTIVE: To construct a reasonable animal model of local muscle atrophy by local injection of Botulinum toxin type A.METHODS: Totally 25 male Wistar rats of 4 months were subjected to ketamine (0.2 mL/kg) and Sumianxin (0.2 mL/kg) by intramuscular injection. A 0.5-cm incision was made on the middle of dorsal femur to expose quadriceps femoris. Right quaddceps femods was injected with 2 Units (0.2 mL) of Botulinum toxin type A, and left quaddcaps femoris of the same rat with the same amount of saline as controls. At 1, 2, 4, 8, 8 weeks after injection, 5 rats were used to take gross observation and histological examination.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Gross observation of the muscle tissue showed that, compared with self-controlled group, the volume and weight of the quadriceps femods were decreased significantly (P < 0.01). The histological examination of muscle tissue showed the atrophy of the quadricaps femods from expedmental group was more obvious, the muscle fiber become thin,and the nuclei of the muscle fiber assemble together, with small distance betWeen muscle fibers. Weight of the quadricaps femods treated with Botulinum toxin type A was decreased at 1 and 2 weeks. The increase in weight of muscle was slow among muscle at 4, 6 and 8 weeks. The muscle weight showed an increased tendency in the saline side at vadous time points. Injecting Botulinum toxin type A into local muscle is a reasonable way to set up an experimental model of the atrophy of a destination muscle with strong practice, good repeatability, high stability, and may be used to examine the relationship of muscle and skeleton.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Geriatric Assessment , Age Factors , Incidence , Cohort Studies , Sex Distribution , Likelihood Functions , Injury Severity ScoreABSTRACT
[Objective]To observe the effect and the safety of the COX-2 inhibitor Celecoxib as the analgesia in orthopaedic post-operative patients.[Method]Sixty-four operative patients were selected in all between 2004～2005 in hospital,and divided into two groups randomly.Celecoxib was used as the postoperative analgesia in the experiment group and the "Patient-controlled analgesia" in the control group.The administration of Celecoxib: 8-12 hours before operation generally,just before the abrosia,and 6 hours after operation when patients can take food.drug withdrawal was depended on the complex of the operation and the severety of pain in 3 to 5 days.Dosage:400 mg first time,if a complicated operation,larger dose would be given.VAS score,adverse reaction and the satisfaction of patients were observed.[Result]The effect of Celecoxib is similar as the PCA,with less adverse reaction and more satisfaction.[Conclusion]Celecoxib has a satisfactory effect and safety as a postoperative analgesia,and is suitable to be a peri-operative analgesia of orthopaedic patients.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of melittin on apoptsis and necrosis of osteosarcoma cell line U2 OS in vitro. METHODS: Osteosarcoma cell line U2 OS was treated with melittin. The growth and proliferation was observed by MTT assay and cell counting, and the necrosis was estimated by Trypan blue staining. The cell apoptsis, Fas and Apo2. 7 expression were detected by cytometer. RESULTS: The data showed that melittin could inhibit the proliferation of U2 OS dose-dependently at 16 and 64 mg/L. Cell apoptsis was detected by cytometer, when the cells were treated by 16 mg/L and 32 mg/L of melittin respectively, and the percentages of Fas and Apo2. 7 positive cells were increased. CONCLUSION: Melittin inhibits the proliferation of osterosarcoma cell line through up-regulating Fas expression and inducing apoptsis.
ABSTRACT
Objective To observe the ultrastructural alteration and healing characteristics of osteoporotic fracture, and to elucidate its cellular mode of healing. Methods Eighty female SD rats of 8 months old, which had the weight of 290 to 340 g, were randomized into two groups of 40 each: the osteoporotic fracture model(OPFM) and the common fracture model(CFM). After anesthesia, the bilateral posterior transperitoneal approach was performed in the OPFM group and the bilateral ovaries were removed; and in the CFM group, only the sham operations were performed. Three months later, the fracture of femoral middle shaft were created and fixed with a Kirschner pin through medullary cavity. The callus of each rat was examined by transmission electron microscopy(TEM) and scanning electron microscopy(SEM) in 5 days and 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12 and 16 weeks postoperatively. Results TEM showed that the number of chondrocyte in OPFM group was greater, but function was lower than that of CFM group. Volume of collagen secreted by the chondrocyte was less and arranged irregularly during the fracture healing period in OPFM group. Number and function of osteoblasts in OPFM group were lower than that of CFM group. Extracellular collagen was disordered and sparse, but function of osteoclasts in OPFM group was more active than that of CFM group. The SEM showed that the collagen in callus of CFM group was dense and arranged in good order or pyknotic. Conclusion The fracture healing of the osteoporotic fractures is due to the decrease of the osteoblastic formation and the increase of the osteoclastic resorption as well as the poor bony healing quality.
ABSTRACT
Objective To observe the expression of platelet-derived growth factor A(PDGF-A) and PDGF-?R in callus during osteoporotic fracture healing and to explore further into the mechanism or effect of PDGF-A and PDGF-?R on osteoporotic fracture healing. Methods The expression and change of PDGF-A and PDGF-?R in different period of osteoporotic fracture healing(5, 7, 14, 28, 42 days) were investigated by means of immunohistochemistry(ABC method). Results There were different cells origin (chondrocyte, osteoblast, osteocyte, vascular endothelial cell, et al) and degree of expression of PDGF-A and PDGF-?R in callus during different period of osteoporotic fracture healing. Conclusion PDGF-A moderates and participates in osteoporotic fracture healing. The decrease of osteoporotic fracture repair capacity may correlate with abnormality of PDGF-A secretion.