ABSTRACT
Background: Pregnancy has a considerable physiological impact on the thyroid gland and its metabolic unction and to meet the increased demands during pregnancy. Thyroid disease is known to impact pregnancy outcomes, and gestational diabetes is the most common obstetric metabolic disease. Both of these conditions can cause short- and long-term harm to the mother and child, and an increasing number of scholars have therefore begun to investigate whether there is a correlation between thyroid disease and GDM
Objective: evaluation of the relations between different thyroid hormone levels in early pregnancy and the incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus [GDM]
Study design: This prospective observational cross-sectional study was conducted during the January 2018 to June 2018. The study comprised one hundred, euthyroid women with singleton pregnancy who provided early pregnancy serum samples for analyses of thyroid function. GDM was diagnosed using a 2 hours, 75-g oral glucose tolerance test, and the mothers were grouped and compared according to the results
Results: The incidence of GDM in pregnant women tended to increase with age [P< .0001]. The level of free T4 [FT4] in early pregnancy in GDM women was lower than that in non GDM women [P< .0001] also found that high maternal weight was associated with a higher GDM rate in the first trimester [P< .0001]
Conclusion: Low thyroxine levels in early pregnancy could be a risk factor for GDM development
ABSTRACT
Background: there is a controversy about the role of beta-endorphin in the pathogenesis of psoriasis, some reports demonstrated elevated circulating beta-endorphin in psoriatic patients especially with actively spreading plaques while lesion-free patients showed reduction of this neuropeptide. On the other hand, the here is published data denoting that circulating beta endorphin has no primary importance in the manifestation of the psoriasis and that inflammation in psoriatic skin lesions is probably not mediated directly by circulating P-endorphin
Objective: to measure plasma beta-endorphin levels in psoriatic patients and demonstrate whether there are any changes of its peripheral blood levels correlating with the clinical improvement. This in order to determine whether and to which limit this neuropeptide is involved in psoriasis
Subjects and Methods: we measured plasma beta-endorphin concentration by enzyme immunoassay in 46 patients with psoriasis both during the presence of lesions and in symptom Free State. Then compared it with that of 18 non-psoriatic patients with T cell mediated inflammatory diseases [10 atopic dermatitis and 8 systemic sclerosis patients] as control. While 24 age and sex matched, healthy individuals were studied as a negative control
Results: the mean 8- endorphin level of psoriatic patients, atopic dermatitis and systemic sclerosis was significantly higher than healthy controls. After treatment, when the skin lesions cleared in the psoriatic patients there was statistically significant reduction of plasma beta-endorphin level. Significant elevation of beta endorphin was found in patients with long lasting lesions. However, there was no significant difference in P-endorphin levels among patients with and without pruritus, nor in those with and without history of major stress. No significant difference between wide and localized spread lesion. Similarly there was no significant difference between those with high and low PASI scores
Conclusion: beta-endorphin is involved in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Elevated plasma beta-endorphin levels occurs in psoriasis and decline in these levels parallel to clinical improvement and clearance of psoriatic skin lesions. The increased P-endorphin level in psoriasis is not the results of activation of pituitary-adrenal axis by chronic stress, but is produced in psoriatic skin lesions by inflammatory cells. We hope that in the near future neuropeptides will represent a new approach to skin therapy