Optimization of damp-proof excipients for Gushuling Granules / 中草药

Objective: To evaluate the effect of the excipients on hygroscopicity of Gushuling Granules and optimize the damp-proof excipients. Methods: Moisture absorption rate was used to optimize the type and ratio of materials; The concentration of ethanol, moisture absorption rate, formability, angle of repose, and appearance of Gushuling Granules were used to optimize the molding technology. Results: The best damp-proofing excipients were as follows: the hybrid materials were lactose-mannitol 4:1, medicine-auxiliary ratio of 1:2, and with 85% ethanol to granulate. Gushuling Granules were good uniform, damp-proofing, and formability, the critical relative humidity was 76%. Conclusion: The preparation technology is stable. The study provides the experimental evidences for the research and development of Gushuling Granules.

The impact of ischemic postconditioning on the tumor necrosis factor-α/IL-6/signal transducers and activators of transcription-3 signal pathway of liver regeneration / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the impact of the ischemic postconditioning on the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α/IL-6/signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT)-3 signal pathway of liver regeneration.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Ninety healthy clean grade male Sprague-Dawley rats weighting 230 to 280 g were selected and assigned into three groups randomly: group I subtotal hepatectomy (SH), group II ischemia reperfusion (IR), group III ischemic postconditioning (IPO). The left and middle liver was resected, and the remnant liver was treated as followed: the blood flow was not blocked in SH group, but blocked 30 minutes in IR group, then reperfused; IPO groups received three cycles of 30 s-30 s intermittent interruptions of blood flow at onset of reperfusion. At 1, 6, 12, 24, 48 h after reperfusion, the serum TNF-α, IL-6 was detected and the mRNA of cyclinD1, Cdk4, STAT-3 was assayed by real-time PCR as well as the protein expression of cyclinD1 and Cdk4 by Western blot.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with SH group, the expression of IL-6 declined at each set time point in IR group (t = 5.076 to 8.334, P = 0.000), but the content of TNF-α increased in early stage (1 to 12 h) (t = 2.972 to 7.215, P = 0.000 - 0.014). The expression of STAT-3, cyclinD1 and Cdk4 mRNA and protein of cyclinD1 and Cdk4 at 24 and 48 h after reperfusion were lower in IR group than in SH group (t = 2.857 to 6.684, P = 0.000 to 0.017). However, there was a significant decrease in TNF-α from 1 to 12 h after reperfusion (t = 2.995 to 4.112, P = 0.002 to 0.017), but a significant increase in IL-6 in IPO group than in IR group (t = 2.458 to 3.543, P = 0.005 to 0.034). The expression of STAT-3, cyclinD1, Cdk4 mRNA and protein of cyclinD1 and Cdk4 at 24 and 48 h after reperfusion were all increased in IPO group in comparison with in IR group (t = 2.383 to 6.803, P = 0.000 to 0.038).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The ischemic postconditioning could promote the remnant liver regeneration after subtotal hepatectomy with ischemia reperfusion injury. Its mechanism relates with the activation of the TNF-α/IL-6/STAT-3 signal pathway of and the cyclinD1-Cdk4 complex which enhances the proliferation of hepatocyte.</p>

Study on treating fungal keratitis of rabbit eyes using collagen shield delivering fluconazole eye drops made by centrifugal method HAN / 中国基层医药

Objective To evaluate the effect of collagen shield delivering fluconazole eye drops made by centrifugal method on treating fungal keratitis of rabbit eyes.Methods Using centrifugal method to make corneal collagen shield,after soaked with fluconazole eye drops,the collagen shields were used to treat fungal keratitis of rabbit eyes.Results The healing focus time of collagen shield delivering fluconazole eye drops group was average 11 days,the healing focus time of only delivering fluconazole eye drops group was average 18 days.The cure rate and effective rate of 2 groups were 78.94%,63.15% and 92.10%,78.94%,there were significance between 2 groups(P<0.05).Conclusion It was innovation for corneal collagen shield delivering fluconazole eye drops made by centrifugal method to cure fungal keratitis,which had broad development foreground.

Expression of PRAME gene in acute leukemia and its clinical significance / 中国实验血液学杂志

This study was aimed to detect the expression levels of preferentially expressed antigen of melanoma (PRAME) gene in acute leukemia (AL) and to evaluate the clinical significance of PRAME gene. The quantitative detection method was established by SYBR Green I real-time quantitative RT-PCR, then PRAME mRNA was measured by this method in 55 cases of acute leukemia, out of which 43 cases were acute myeloid leukemia (AML), 9 cases were acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) and other types leukemia were 3 cases. In addition, expression of PRAME gene was also analyzed in 7 cases of non-malignant hematological diseases and 8 healthy volunteers. K562 cell line was used as a positive control. The results showed that the expression of PRAME gene was found in 35 cases of acute leukemia, the positive percentage was 64%. No expression could be detected in any of the non-malignant hematological diseases and healthy volunteers. In 35 PRAME positive cases, 28 cases were AML, which mainly belonged to M3, M4 and M2 subtypes, and 5 cases was ALL. In 31 fusion gene positive cases, 23 cases were PRAME positive, and in 24 fusion gene negative cases 12 cases were PRAME positive. No significant relationship was found between PRAME expression level and clinical characteristics (age, sex, WBC count, blast cells in BM). The expression of PRAME gene decreased or disappeared in 6 patients achieving complete remission (CR). It is concluded that the PRAME gene expresses in 64% AML patients, which mainly belonged to M3, M4 and M2 subtypes, no expression could be detected in any of the non-malignant hematological diseases and healthy volunteers. There is remarkable difference in the level of PRAME transcript of the 35 cases and the expression of PRAME gene decreases or disappears when the patients achieved complete remission. These results suggest that PRAME expression in acute leukemia may be a useful marker to detect the minimal resi-dual disease (MRD) and to determine the response to therapy in AL patients.