Mapping of QTL associated with rice cooking quality and candidate gene analysis / 生物工程学报

Excavating the quantitative trait locus (QTL) associated with rice cooking quality, analyzing candidate genes, and improving cooking quality-associated traits of rice varieties by genetic breeding can effectively improve the taste of rice. In this study, we used the indica rice HZ, the japonica rice Nekken2 and 120 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) populations constructed from them as experimental materials to measure the gelatinization temperature (GT), gel consistency (GC) and amylose content (AC) of rice at the maturity stage. We combined the high-density genetic map for QTL mapping. A total of 26 QTLs associated with rice cooking quality (1 QTL associated with GT, 13 QTLs associated with GC, and 12 QTLs associated with AC) were detected, among which the highest likelihood of odd (LOD) value reached 30.24. The expression levels of candidate genes in the localization interval were analyzed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), and it was found that the expression levels of six genes were significantly different from that in parents. It was speculated that the high expression of LOC_Os04g20270 and LOC_Os11g40100 may greatly increase the GC of rice, while the high expression of LOC_Os01g04920 and LOC_Os02g17500 and the low expression of LOC_Os03g02650 and LOC_Os05g25840 may reduce the AC. The results lay a molecular foundation for the cultivation of new high-quality rice varieties, and provide important genetic resources for revealing the molecular regulation mechanism of rice cooking quality.

Multidisciplinary team strategy for treatment of diabetic foot / 中华普通外科杂志

Objective:To explore the team construction and treatment strategy of the Diabetic Foot-Multidisciplinary Team.Methods:The clinical data of 19 patients with severe ischemic diabetic foot treated by our Diabetic Foot-Multidisciplinary Team Center from Apr 2021 to Mar 2022 were collected, and the overall amputation rate, above-ankle major amputation rate, minor amputation rate and mortality, Diabetic Foot-Multidisciplinary Team consultation discipline participation rate and treatment participation degree were retrospectively analyzed.Results:Nineteen patients (15 males and 4 females) were enrolled, aged 26 to 94 (68.6±14.2). All were with severe ischemic diabetic foot ulcer:Rutherford grade 5 or up and dysfunction in 2 or more organs. Complications included arteriosclerosis obliterans of the lower extremities in 18 cases, heart diseases in 18, hypertension in 15, and renal insufficiencies in 10. The overall amputation rate was 36.8%, major amputation rate in 21.1%, minor amputation rate in 15.8%, and mortality rate was 15.8%. A total of 16 disciplines participated in Diabetic Foot-Multidisciplinary Team; the main participating disciplines were vascular surgery (19 times), endocrinology (12 times), and cardiology (11 times). The main treatment disciplines were vascular surgery (14 times), plastic surgery (3 times), and cardiology (2 times).Conclusion:For the diagnosis and treatment of diabetic foot, it is necessary to set up a multidisciplinary team as early as possible to control the causes of diabetic foot ulcer, prevent the recurrence of diabetic foot ulcer, reduce the mortality and amputation rate, and improve the quality of life of patients.

Value of quantitative parameters of enhanced MRI in predicting collateral circulation in patients with renal cell carcinoma and inferior vena cava tumor thrombus / 中华放射学杂志

Objective:To explore the value of quantitative parameters of enhanced MRI in predicting the establishment of inferior vena cava collateral circulation in patients with renal cell carcinoma and inferior vena cava tumor thrombus.Methods:Sixty-seven patients with renal cell carcinoma and inferior vena cava tumor thrombus who underwent radical resection and inferior vena cava venography in First Medical Center, PLA General Hospital from May 2006 to January 2021 were included retrospectively. According to the results of inferior vena cava venography, the patients were divided into two groups: the well-established collateral circulation group ( n=41) and the poor-established collateral circulation group ( n=26). Quantitative parameters were measured on preoperative enhanced MRI images, including tumor size, the maximum diameter of bilateral lumbar veins, the length of tumor thrombus, and the long and short diameters of tumor thrombus. Student′s t test or Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison between the two groups. The independent risk factors related to the establishment of collateral circulation were obtained by binary logistic regression analysis and the model was established. The receiver operating characteristic curve was employed to evaluate MRI quantitative parameters and the logistic model, and the area under the curve (AUC) was compared by the DeLong test. Results:Between the well-established collateral circulation group and the poor-established collateral circulation group, the maximum diameter of the right lumbar vein, the maximum diameter of the left lumbar vein, the length of the tumor thrombus, the long diameter of the tumor thrombus, and the short diameter of the tumor thrombus were different significantly ( P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the tumor size between the two groups ( t=0.30, P=0.766). The AUC of the maximum diameters of the right lumbar veins and left lumbar veins, length of tumor thrombus, long and short diameters of tumor thrombus in predicting the collateral circulation were 0.917 (95%CI 0.824-0.971), 0.869 (95%CI 0.764-0.939), 0.756 (95%CI 0.636-0.853), 0.886 (95%CI 0.785-0.951), and 0.906 (95%CI 0.809-0.963). The AUC of the maximum diameter of the right lumbar vein and the short diameter of the tumor thrombus were larger than those of the length of the tumor thrombus, and the differences were statistically significant ( Z=2.25, 2.04, P=0.025, 0.041), but the AUC between other parameters had no significant difference ( P>0.05). The maximum diameter of the right lumbar vein (OR 24.210, 95%CI 2.845-205.998), the maximum diameter of the left lumbar vein (OR 20.973, 95%CI 2.359-186.490), and the length of the tumor thrombus (OR 23.006, 95%CI 2.952-179.309) were independent risk factors for predicting the establishment of inferior vena cava collateral circulation. The AUC of logistic model was 0.969 (95%CI 0.931-1.000). Conclusion:Quantitative parameters of tumor thrombus and lumbar vein based on enhanced MRI have a good ability in predicting the establishment of inferior vena cava collateral circulation in patients with renal cell carcinoma and inferior vena cava tumor thrombus. The maximum diameter of bilateral lumbar veins and the length of the tumor thrombus were independent risk factors for inferior vena cava collateral circulation.

STIP1 correlates with tumor immune infiltration and prognosis as a potential immunotherapy target: a pan-cancer bioinformatics analysis / 南方医科大学学报

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the correlation of stress-inducible phosphoprotein 1 (STIP1) expression level with prognosis of different cancers and its potential role in immunotherapy.@*METHODS@#TCGA, TARGET and GTEx databases were used for bioinformatic analysis of STIP1 expression level and its prognostic value in different cancers. We also detected STIP1 expression immunohistochemically in 10 pairs of colorectal cancer and adjacent tissues. We further analyzed the correlation of STIP1 expression level with tumor mutational burden, microsatellite instability, immune cell infiltration, immune regulators and outcomes of different cancers. STIP1- related proteins were identified using protein- protein interaction (PPI) network analysis, and functional enrichment analysis was performed to analyze the regulatory pathways involving STIP1.@*RESULTS@#Bioinformatics analysis showed that STIP1 was highly expressed in most tumors compared with the normal tissues (P < 0.05), which was confirmed by immunohistochemistry of the 10 pairs of colorectal cancer tissues. STIP1 expression level was correlated with clinical stages of multiple cancers (P < 0.05), and in some cancer types, an upregulated STIP1 expression was correlated with a poor prognosis of the patients in terms of overall survival, disease-specific survival, disease-free survival and progression-free survival (P < 0.05). STIP1 expression was significantly correlated with tumor mutational burden, microsatellite instability, immune cell infiltration and immunomodulatory factors in most tumors (P < 0.05). PPI network analysis indicated that STIP1-related proteins included HSPA4, HSPA8, and HSP90AA1. KEGG enrichment analysis suggested that the high expression of STIP1 in liver cancer was related mainly with valerate metabolism, tryptophan metabolism, and butyrate metabolism pathways; HALLMARK enrichment analysis suggested high STIP1 expression in liver cancer was involved in bile acid and fatty acid metabolism.@*CONCLUSION@#STIP1 is up-regulated in multiple cancer types and its expression level is correlated with clinical tumor stage, tumor mutational burden, microsatellite instability, immune cell infiltration and immunomodulatory factors.

Implementation and quality control of human immunodeficiency virus laboratory diagnosis strategy / 中华预防医学杂志

The laboratory diagnostic strategy for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a process to accurately detect HIV patients through a combination of available HIV tests. Laboratory tests for HIV infection are mainly serological antibody and antigen testing and HIV RNA testing. With the update of testing reagents, the sensitivity and specificity have improved substantially and the window period of detection has shortened, but there is a risk of false positives. Various guidelines have recommended different diagnostic strategies for different target populations and different prevalence regions to guide patients to confirm the diagnosis and receive standardized antiretroviral therapy as early as possible. How to refer to the diagnostic strategies, reduce false positives and shorten the window period while increasing the detection rate is an urgent issue for laboratories to address. This article describes the characteristics and advantages and disadvantages of testing methods related to HIV infection from the perspective of laboratory diagnostic strategies, as well as the impact of the development of treatments on diagnostic strategies, in order to provide theoretical support for the practical application of HIV diagnostic strategies.

Effects of extramedullary disease on patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma / 中华血液学杂志

Objective: To summarize the characteristics of patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) admitted at Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine. We compared the clinical characteristics and prognoses among patients with non-extramedullary disease (EMD), bone-related extramedullary (EM-B) disease, and extraosseous extramedullary (EM-E) disease and further explored the effects of autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (ASCT) for EMD. Methods: From January 2015 to January 2022, data of 114 patients (22%) with EMD out of 515 patients with NDMM were retrospectively analyzed; 91 (18%) and 23 (4%) patients comprised the EM-B and EM-E groups, respectively. The clinical characteristics of patients in all groups were compared with the Chi-square test. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) of patients were analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method. Independent prognostic factors were determined using multivariate Cox proportional hazard model. Results: There were no significant differences in age, gender, ISS stage, light chain, creatinine clearance, cytogenetic risk, 17p deletion, ASCT, and induction regimens among the three groups. Overall, 13% of EM-E patients had IgD-type M protein, which was significantly higher than that in EM-B patients (P=0.021). The median PFS of patients in the non-EMD, EM-B, and EM-E groups was 27.4, 23.1, and 14.0 months; the median OS was not reached, 76.8 months, and 25.6 months, respectively. The PFS (vs non-EMD, P=0.004; vs EM-B, P=0.036) and OS (vs non-EMD, P<0.001; vs EM-B, P=0.002) were significantly worse in patients with EM-E, while those were not significantly different between patients with EM-B and those with non-EMD. In the multivariate analysis, EM-E was an independent prognostic factor for OS in patients with NDMM (HR=8.779, P<0.001) and negatively impacted PFS (HR=1.874, P=0.050). In those who did not undergo ASCT, patients with EM-B had significantly worse OS than those with non-EMD (median 76.8 months vs. not reached, P=0.029). However, no significant difference was observed in the PFS and OS of patients with EM-B and those with non-EMD who underwent ASCT. Conclusions: Compared to patients with either non-EMD or EM-B, those with EM-E had the worst prognosis. EM-E was an independent risk factor for OS in patients with NDMM. ASCT can overcome the poor prognosis of EM-B.

Bioactive ingredients in activated platelet-rich plasma derived from cord blood and adult blood via Luminex technology: a comparative study / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 To compare the bioactive ingredients in activated platelet-rich plasma (PRP) from cord blood and adult blood, explore its reasonable indicators reflecting the inflammatory regulation ability, in order to guide the preparation. 【Methods】 PRP was prepared and activated from 63 healthy adults (31 males, 32 females) and 61 neonates (30 males, 31 females), and 20 cytokines were measured using Luminex technology for assessing the age- and sex-based bioactive differences of PRP. High-sensitivity C-reactive protein(hs-CRP), procalcitonin and MMPs/TIMPs from each sample were measured for their correlations with the 10 inflammation-related cytokines. 【Results】 The activated cord blood PRP released 10 growth factors and chemokines more than the adult blood PRP, whereas IGF-1, HGF and 8 pro-inflammatory cytokines lower than the latter. Most cytokines of adult PRP were more in females than in males (P<0.05), except for IGF-1 and HGF, which showed no difference by gender. Compared with hs-CRP and PCT, MMPs/TIMPs ratio was more closely related with the inflammation-related cytokines, which can reflect the inflammatory regulation of PRP. 【Conclusion】 Due to the lower immunocompetence and no age or gender disturbance, cord blood PRP has the rational MMPs/TIMPs ratio and more cytokines which promote the inflammation and wound healing.

Pharmaceutical care of patients with antithrombotic therapy after transjugular intrahepatic portal shunt / 中国临床药理学与治疗学

AIM: To explore the role of clinical pharmacist in the treatment of patients with transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt. METHODS: Clinical pharmacist participated in the treatment of a patient with repeated oral bleeding after transjugular intrahepatic portal shunt followed treatment with multiple antithrombotic drugs, which assisted the physician to diagnose and adjust the antithrombotic treatment plan as well as provided the patient with whole-process pharmaceutical care and online management. RESULTS: Based on the inquiry about the patient's past and current medical history and medication consumption, the pharmacist considered that there was weak correlation between oral hemorrhage and antithrombotic drugs and advised for dentist inspection. Thereafter, the patient was diagnosed with chronic gingivitis. The dosage of warfarin was adjusted, and the pharmacists managed it online after discharge to achieve stable INR of the patient. In the later online follow-up, an abnormal increase of INR was encountered, By asking about the history of medication, it was considered that the increase in INR was related to taking amoxicillin capsules. Therefore, the pharmacist suggested to stop amoxicillin capsule and to gradually adjust the dose of warfarin to the original level to improve the treatment. CONCLUSION: The involvement of clinical pharmacists in clinical treatment facilitates comprehensive pharmaceutical care of patients, which plays a positive role in the efficacy and safety of medication therapy.

Histamine H / 中国药理学通报

Aim To determine the effect of histamine H

Analysis of clinical presentation and genetic characteristics of malignant infantile osteopetrosis / 中华儿科杂志

Objective: To investigate the clinical presentation and genetic characteristics of malignant infantile osteopetrosis. Methods: This was a retrospective case study. Thirty-seven children with malignant infantile osteopetrosis admitted into Beijing Children's Hospital from January 2013 to September 2022 were enrolled in this study. According to the gene mutations, the patients were divided into the CLCN7 group and the TCIRG1 group. Clinical characteristics, laboratory tests, and prognosis were compared between two groups. Wilcoxon test or Fisher exact test were used in inter-group comparison. The survival rate was estimated with the Kaplan-Meier method and the Log-Rank test was used to compare the difference in survival between groups. Results: Among the 37 cases, there were 22 males and 15 females. The age of diagnosis was 0.5 (0.2, 1.0) year. There were 13 patients (35%) and 24 patients (65%) with mutations in CLCN7 and TCIRGI gene respectively. Patients in the CLCN7 group had an older age of diagnosis than those in the TCIRGI group (1.2 (0.4, 3.6) vs. 0.4 (0.2, 0.6) years, Z=-2.60, P=0.008). The levels of serum phosphorus (1.7 (1.3, 1.8) vs. 1.1 (0.8, 1.6) mmol/L, Z=-2.59, P=0.010), creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB) (457 (143, 610) vs. 56 (37, 82) U/L, Z=-3.38, P=0.001) and the level of neutrophils (14.0 (9.9, 18.1) vs. 9.2 (6.7, 11.1) ×109/L, Z=-2.07, P=0.039) at diagnosis were higher in the CLCN7 group than that in the TCIRG1 group. However, the level of D-dimer in the CLCN7 group was lower than that in the TCIRGI group (2.7 (1.0, 3.1) vs. 6.3 (2.5, 9.7) μg/L, Z=2.83, P=0.005). After hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, there was no significant difference in 5-year overall survival rate between the two groups (92.3%±7.4% vs. 83.3%±7.6%, χ²=0.56, P=0.456). Conclusions: TCIRGI gene mutations are more common in children with osteopetrosis. Children with TCIRGI gene mutations have younger age, lower levels of phosphorus, CK-MB, and neutrophils and higher level of D-dimer at the onset. After hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, patients with CLCN7 or TCIRGI gene mutations have similar prognosis.

Application of Modified Intraoperative Axillary Fluoroscopy for Posterior Acromioclavicular Joint Dislocation / 中山大学学报(医学科学版)

ObjectiveThe study aims to determine whether the horizontal posterior displacement of the distal clavicle in patients with acromioclavicular joint dislocation can be corrected via the application of modified intraoperative axillary fluoroscopy. MethodsFrom February 2019 to April 2021， 50 patients with Rockwood type Ⅲ acromioclavicular joint dislocation eligible for inclusion were randomly divided into two groups： the normal （32 cases） and the experimental （18 cases）. The conventional anteroposterior position radiographs were obtained to detect the surgery effect on the patients in the normal group. In experimental group， modified intraoperative axillary radiographs were obtained， with the concept of polar coordinates introduced to reduce the horizontal posterior translation of the clavicle. Then we compared the perioperative parameters， such as average operative time， intraoperative blood loss between the two groups. The Constant score was used for assessing the postoperative function of the shoulder joint in the follow-up visits. ResultsNo statistically significant difference was found in gender， age， duration of injury， underlying diseases， intraoperative blood loss and operative time between the two groups. The postoperative shoulder function score of the experimental group was higher than that of the normal group. ConclusionsThe application of modified intraoperative axillary fluoroscopy is recommendable for accurately reducing posterior translation of the distal clavicle， and meanwhile helpful for the precise placement of the clavicular plate.

Effect of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy on intraocular inflammatory cytokine levels in the treatment of proliferative diabetic retinopathy / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To explore the effects of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)agents(Conbercept)before pars plana vitrectomy(PPV)on inflammatory cytokine levels of patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy(PDR).METHODS: A total of 49 patients(49 eyes)who diagnosed with PDR at the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University from June 2017 to January 2018 were recruited and randomly divided into two groups. A total of 25 cases(25 eyes)who did not receive intravitreal injection before PPV were included in no-intravitreal injection of Conbercept(IVC)group, and 24 cases(24 eyes)who received IVC 5～7d before PPV were included in IVC group. The vitreous samples were collected from all the patients at the start of PPV. Levels of VEGF-A, monocyte chemotactic protein-1(MCP-1)and inflammatory cytokines in the vitreous humor were measured using Luminex technology.RESULTS: Compared with the no-IVC group, the level of VEGF-A decreased significantly(P&#x003C;0.001), the concentration of IL-6(P=0.004), IL-8(P=0.002), IL-18(P=0.04)and TNF-α(P=0.03)increased remarkably in the IVC group. The other inflammatory cytokines in the vitreous humor showed no significant difference between the IVC and no-IVC groups.CONCLUSION: IVC before PPV can effectively decrease the concentration of VEGF-A, but had limited influence on the level of inflammatory cytokines in the vitreous humor of patients with PDR.

Efficacy and safety of rituximab in children and adolescents with mature B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: a Meta analysis / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To study the efficacy and safety of rituximab combined with chemotherapy in the treatment of children and adolescents with mature B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (B-NHL) through a Meta analysis.@*METHODS@#The databases including PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrials.gov, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data, and Weipu were searched to obtain 10 articles on rituximab in the treatment of mature B-NHL in children and adolescents published up to June 2022, with 886 children in total. With 3-year event-free survival (EFS) rate, 3-year overall survival (OS) rate, complete remission rate, mortality rate, and incidence rate of adverse reactions as outcome measures, RevMan 5.4 software was used for Meta analysis, subgroup analysis, sensitivity analysis, and publication bias analysis.@*RESULTS@#The rituximab+chemotherapy group showed significant increases in the 3-year EFS rate (HR=0.38, 95%CI: 0.25-0.59, P<0.001), 3-year OS rate (HR=0.29, 95%CI: 0.14-0.61, P=0.001), and complete remission rate (OR=3.72, 95%CI: 1.89-7.33, P<0.001) as well as a significant reduction in the mortality rate (OR=0.31, 95%CI: 0.17-0.57, P<0.001), as compared with the chemotherapy group without rituximab. There was no significant difference in the incidence rate of adverse reactions between the two groups (OR=1.28, 95%CI: 0.85-1.92, P=0.24).@*CONCLUSIONS@#The addition of rituximab to the treatment regimen for children and adolescents with mature B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma can bring significant survival benefits without increasing the incidence of adverse reactions.

Application of "major scientific issues and engineering technology difficulties in traditional Chinese medicine(2019-2021)" in national science and t echnology layout / 中国中药杂志

In order to judge the future development trend of science and technology, plan ahead and lay out the frontier technology fields and directions, China Association of Chinese Medicine(CACM) has launched consultation projects for collecting "major scienti-fic issues and engineering technology difficulties in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)" for the industry for three consecutive years since 2019. Up to now, 18 projects have been selected as major issues for research, and some experience and achievements have been made. These projects have been applied in important scientific and technological work such as scientific and technological planning and deployment at all levels of national, local, and scientific research institutions, the selection and cultivation of major national scientific and technological projects, and the construction of innovation bases, giving full play to the role of the think tank advisory committee of CACM. This study reviewed the selection of major issues for the first time, systematically combed its application in the national layout of science and technology, and put forward the existing problems and improvement suggestions, aiming to provide new ideas for further improving the selection of major issues and research direction, providing a theoretical basis and decision support for the national scientific and technological layout in the field of TCM, and promoting scientific and technological innovation to facilitate the high quality development of TCM.

Rare tumors: a blue ocean of investigation / 医学前沿

Advances in novel drugs, therapies, and genetic techniques have revolutionized the diagnosis and treatment of cancers, substantially improving cancer patients' prognosis. Although rare tumors account for a non-negligible number, the practice of precision medicine and development of novel therapies are largely hampered by many obstacles. Their low incidence and drastic regional disparities result in the difficulty of informative evidence-based diagnosis and subtyping. Sample exhaustion due to difficulty in diagnosis also leads to a lack of recommended therapeutic strategies in clinical guidelines, insufficient biomarkers for prognosis/efficacy, and inability to identify potential novel therapies in clinical trials. Herein, by reviewing the epidemiological data of Chinese solid tumors and publications defining rare tumors in other areas, we proposed a definition of rare tumor in China, including 515 tumor types with incidences of less than 2.5/100 000 per year. We also summarized the current diagnosis process, treatment recommendations, and global developmental progress of targeted drugs and immunotherapy agents on the status quo. Lastly, we pinpointed the current recommendation chance for patients with rare tumors to be involved in a clinical trial by NCCN. With this informative report, we aimed to raise awareness on the importance of rare tumor investigations and guarantee a bright future for rare tumor patients.

Dorsal plate assisted fixation of dorsal lunate fossa fracture of distal radius / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To explore clinical efficacy of dorsal plate assisted fixation of dorsal lunate fossa fracture block of distal radius.@*METHODS@#From January 2019 to January 2022, 30 patients were treated with dorsal plate assisted fixation of dorsal lunate fossa fracture of distal radius, including 13 males and 17 females, aged from 42 to 68 years old with an average of (48.7±5.6) years old;According to Doi fracture classification, 24 patients were type 3 blocks and 6 patients were type 4 blocks. The degree of palmar angle of anterior and posterior distal radius was fixed by dorsal steel plate during operation. Fracture healing and functional recovery of wrist were observed after operation. Functional evaluation was performed by Gartland and Werley scoring system at 12 months after operation.@*RESULTS@#All patients were followed up from 12 to 13 months with an average of (11.3±0.9) months. All fractures healed for 4 to 5 months with an average of(4.7±0.8) months. Median palpal inclination of anterior and posterior distal radius fixed by dorsal plate was 5.30°(4.85°, 6.03°), 12.45°(11.98°, 13.43°) respectively, and had statistical difference( P<0.01). Gartland and Werley scores was (1.1±0.4) at 12 months afteropertaion, and 27 patients got excellent result and 3 good.@*CONCLUSION@#Dorsal plate assisted fixation of dorsal lunate fossa fractures is beneficial to reduction and stabilization of displaced dorsal fractures and restoration of palmar inclination.

Optimization of the extraction technology for the raw drugs of Sanse powder gel paste / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To optimize the extraction technology for the raw drugs of Sanse powder gel paste. METHODS SD rats were divided into blank group， model group， traditional technology group， water extraction group and ethanol extraction group， with 5 rats in each group. Anterior cruciate ligament transection was used to construct knee osteoarthritis model， and the pharmacodynamic effects of different extraction methods on arthritic rats were investigated. Analgesic experiments were conducted using cold and hot pain thresholds and pain mediators calcitonin gene-related peptide （CGRP）， cyclooxygenase-2 （COX-2）， substance P （SP）， and prostaglandin E2 （PGE2） contents as indicators. HE staining was performed on the synovial membrane of rats to observe the degree of synovial cell proliferation， inflammatory infiltration and vascular invasion， and anti-inflammatory experiments were conducted using protein and mRNA expressions of interleukin-1β （IL-1β）， tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α） and IL-6 as indicators. The analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects were compared among those groups. In the orthogonal test， ethanol dosage， extraction time and extraction times were used as evaluation factors， and the contents of casticin， strychnine and toxiferine were taken as evaluation indicators； comprehensive score was calculated. The validation experiments were carried out after optimizing the extraction technology of the raw drugs of Sanse powder gel paste. RESULTS Compared with the model group， the cold and heat pain thresholds of drug administration groups （except for the traditional technology group） were all increased significantly （P＜0.05）， while the contents of pain （No.Y2021rc02） mediators CGRP， COX-2， SP and PGE2 were all decreased significantly （P＜0.05）. HE staining showed that inflammatory cell infiltration， fibrosis and collagen deposition were 炎。E-mail：liuzixiu3221@126.com decreased in the administration groups； a small amount of capillary proliferation could be found； the protein and mRNA expressions of inflammatory factors such as IL-1β， IL-6 and TNF-α were decreased significantly in synovial tissue of rats in administration groups （P＜0.05）. Compared with the traditional technology group， most indicators of the ethanol extraction group were significantly reduced （P＜0.05）， and only heat pain threshold and mRNA expression of IL-6 in rats were decreased significantly in the water extraction group （P＜0.05）. The optimal extraction technology of the raw drugs of Sanse powder gel paste included suitable dose of Sanse powder， 8-fold 55% ethanol， heating reflux extraction for 90 minutes， extracting twice. The results of 3 times of verification experiments showed that the average contents of casticin， strychnine and toxiferine were 0.007%， 0.092%， and 0.214%， respectively； RSD were all less than 5%. CONCLUSIONS The optimized extraction technology for the raw drugs of Sanse powder gel paste is stable and feasible， which can improve the efficacy of the preparation.

Paternal overweight/obesity and offspring neuropsychological development: association and mechanisms / 中华围产医学杂志

The impact of parental obesity on offspring health attracts increasing attention with the rising obese population worldwide. Much more studies have concentrated on the influences of maternal obesity, while studies regarding paternal obesity were relatively few and mainly focused on glucose and insulin regulation, adiposity, etc. Several large cohort studies and animal experiments have shown that paternal obesity can damage the neuropsychological development in offspring, which has become a risk factor for autistic spectrum disorders, cognitive disorders, and lower intelligence quotient, and epigenetic studies have explored the related mechanisms. This review summarizes the progress in this field, aiming to provide a reference for basic and clinical research in the future.

Clinical efficacy of endovascular stent therapy for treatment of lower extremity atherosclerotic occlusive disease in 40 patients / 中国基层医药

Objective:To investigate the short-term and long-term efficacy of endovascular stent therapy for lower extremity atherosclerotic occlusive disease.Methods:Eighty patients with lower extremity atherosclerotic occlusive disease who received treatment in Lishui Central People's Hospital from January 2020 to January 2021 were included in this study. They were randomly divided into control and observation groups, with 40 patients in each group. The control group received lower extremity artery bypass grafting, and the observation group received endovascular stent therapy. Clinical efficacy, ankle-brachial index, claudication distance, blood flow dynamics of dorsalis artery, nerve conduction velocity of the lower extremities, and postoperative complications were compared between the two groups in the short-term and 1-year follow-ups.Results:Total response rate in the observation group was 87.5% (35/40), which was significantly higher than 67.5% (27/40) in the control group ( Z = 2.00, P < 0.05). At 1-year follow-up, total response rate in the observation group was 70.0% (28/40), which was slightly, but not significantly, higher than 47.5% (19/40) in the control group ( Z = 1.77, P > 0.05). After treatment, the ankle-brachial index and claudication distance in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group ( t = 3.34, 8.30, both P < 0.001). The diameter, peak velocity and blood flow of dorsal foot artery in the observation group were significantly superior to those in the control group ( t = 6.98, 4.46, 5.95, all P < 0.001). Lower extremity nerve conduction velocity in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group ( t = 3.01, 3.70, both P < 0.05). The incidence of postoperative complications in the observation group was slightly, but not significantly, lower than that in the control group [5.0% (2/40) vs. 15.0% (6/40), P > 0.05]. Conclusion:Compared with lower extremity artery bypass grafting, endovascular stent therapy has good short-term and long-term efficacy in the treatment of lower extremity atherosclerotic occlusive disease. Endovascular stent therapy can increase ankle-brachial index and claudication distance, improve the hemodynamic indexes of dorsalis pedis artery, increase lower extremity nerve conduction velocity and has a few complications.

Clinicopathological features of hepatic fibrinogen storage disease in children / 中华病理学杂志

Objective: To investigate the clinicopathological and molecular characteristics of hepatic fibrinogen storage disease (FSD) in children. Methods: The clinical, histopathologic, immunophenotypic, ultrastructural and gene sequencing data of 4 FSD cases were collected from September 2019 to January 2021 in the Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China. Retrospective analysis and literature review were conducted. Results: There were 4 cases of FSD, 3 males and 1 female, aged 3 years and 3 months to 6 years (median age, 3 years and 4 months). The clinical manifestations were abnormal liver function and abnormal blood coagulation function, for which 2 cases had family genetic history. Liver biopsies revealed that, besides liver steatosis, fibrosis and inflammation, there were single or multiple eosinophilic inclusion bodies of various sizes and surrounding transparent pale halo in hepatocytes. Immunohistochemistry showed that the inclusion bodies were positive for anti-fibrinogen. Under the electron microscope, they corresponded to the dilated cisternae of the rough endoplasmic reticulum, which were occupied by compactly packed tubular structures and arranged into a fingerprint-like pattern with curved bundles. Gene sequencing revealed that the 2 cases of FGG mutation were located in exon 8 c.1106A>G (p.His369Arg) and c.905T>C (p.Leu302Pro), and 1 case was located in exon 9 c.1201C>T (p.Arg401Trp). No pathogenic variant was detected in the other case. Conclusions: FSD is a rare genetic metabolic disease and clinically manifests as abnormal liver function with hypofibrinogenemia. In the background of liver steatosis, fibrosis and inflammation, there are eosinophilic inclusions with pale halo in the hepatocytic cytoplasm, which can be identified by anti-fibrinogen immunohistochemical staining. The fingerprint-like structures under electron microscope are helpful for the diagnosis, while FGG sequencing detects the pathogenic mutation of exon 8 or 9 that can clearly explain the phenotype. However, the diagnosis of FSD cannot be completely ruled out if the relevant mutations are not detected.