ABSTRACT
Objective To establish spastic cerebral palsy model of macaque by partial resection of motor cortex and explore its evaluation method.Methods Four individuals of 3-month-old macaques were divided into healthy control group and operation model group according to random number table.Partial resection of the motor cortex was carried out in operation model group,in which precentral gyrus cortex from above the right lateral cerebral fissure to the inter-hemicerebral fissure,together with the posterior-superior frontal gyrus (about 0.3 to 0.5 cm in front of the anterior median sulcus) cortex were removed with the depth of about 0.5 to 0.6 cm.After the operation,the continuous camera shooting was used to record whether left limb motor dysfunction and abnormal posture existed or not.Muscle tension was assessed by manual examination of muscle tone with reference to the modified Ashworth scale.The quantitative indexes of the two groups were detected by using the gross motor and fine motor assessment scale.9.4T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to detect the brain imaging changes.Results After operation,the macaque in the operation model group immediately showed left hemiparesis,left upper limb abnormal lifting,left lower limb paralysis,left limb claudication,and eating mainly relied on the right side of the body.After 6 weeks of operation,left limb activity of the operation model group was significantly lower than that of the healthy control group,and the gross motor scores and fine motor scores were significantly lower than those of the healthy control group(Friedman test:χ2=33.939,P<0.05;χ2=37.526,P<0.05).The macaque in the operation model group showed some symptoms that abnormal posture mainly tilted to the left for the rest,sitting in a corner of the monkey cage,left arm was put on the cage to maintain postural balance,and movement was left slightly inclined,which had simulated the typical clinical manifestations of human spastic hemiplegic cerebral palsy.Muscle tension was checked by hand,and the left limb paralysis and muscle tension decreased after operation in the model group,and the left muscle tension increased gradually after 5 weeks,and gradually increased to score 4 points and the score remained 3 after 10 weeks.Brain MRI of 3 weeks postoperatively suggested scar tissue formation after right motor cortex resection,which supported the pathological changes of the hemiplegic cerebral palsy models.Conclusions Through the partial resection of the motor cortex,the model of spastic cerebral palsy was established successfully.The results of behavioral evaluation and MRI showed that the model was consis-tent with spastic hemiplegia.
ABSTRACT
The objective of the research was to detect the enhancement effect of sodium taurocholate on the absorption of cefquinome both in Caco-2 cells and rats. The absorption efficiency of cefquinome was determined by high performance liquid chromatography and calculated with apparent permeability coefficients [Papp] after Caco-2 cell monolayers treated odium taurocholate [2 mmol/L] and cefquinome. The results showed that the absorption of cefquinome in Caco-2 cell monolayers was significantly increased with the sodium taurocholate [2mmol/L]. Similar results were also detected in the rats orally administrated with 1 mL PBS of cefquinome [20mg/mL] containing different concentration of sodium taurocholate [5 mmol/L, 10mmol/L and 20mmol/L] respectively. Compared with control group, sodium taurocholate at 10 and 20 mmol/L increased the absorption of cefquinome in rats from 0.26 +/- 0.04micro g/mL to 0.57 +/- 0.03micro g/mL, 0.78 +/- 0.07micro g/mL respectively. These results indicated that sodium taurocholate could increase the intestinal permeability in a concentration-dependent mode, which will be useful for clinical treatment