Comparison of Macrophage Activation and Tumor - cytotoxicity in Mouse and hamster Peritoneal Macrophages by Cold Stress / 대한면역학회지

No abstract available.

A Study on the Signal Transduction of Peritoneal Macrophages in the cold - Adapted Mice / 대한면역학회지

No abstract available.

A Study of the Mechanism on Hibernation

The present study was performed in order to test the effects of diphenylhydantoin (DPH) and two central nervous system (CNS) stimulants, intermittent light stimulation(ILS) and pentylenetetrazol (Metrazol) on body temperature (Tb) during cold exposure in the bat DHP delayed the onset of entry into hibernation in both the oriental discoloured bats and the little brown bats and formed long and prominent plateaus that were not found in the normal and the controls. The responses of body temperature to the ILS were sensitive and the body temperature fell dramatically in the big brown bats. Metrazol effects on body temperature were obvious but; seemed dose-dependent. The experimental results further support the hypothesis that hibernation is an epileptic fit as suggested by serveral researchers.

A Karyotype Study in Chiroptera (Bats)

The bat (Chiroptera) is the only mammal that is able to fly as birds do and forms a peculiar taxonomic group in that the diploid number of chromosomes seldom are of the same number in the same genus and the different species in contrast to the other eutherian mammals. At the present time, many karyological problems remain unsolved in Korean bats. It is easy enough to imagine that many interesting things have happened in the chromosomes of the Korean bats as well. The present study was designed in order to get karyotypic data on living species of Korean bats (Vespertilio superans THOMAS and Miniopterus schreibersii fuliginosus (HODGSON). The diploid number of chromosomes of the Vespertilio superans was 38. The autosomes consisted of 6 pairs of the large metacentric, a pair of the small submetacentric and 11 pairs of tile small acrocentric chromosomes. The X chromosome was medium sized and metacentric in type and the Y was a small acrocentric type. The fundamental number was 50. The diploid number of chrmosomes of the Miniopterus schreibersii fuliginosus was 46. The autosomes consisted of 8 pairs of the metacentric type including a pair of minute metacentric chromosomes. and 18 pairs of the small acrocentric type chromosomes. The X chromosome was medium-sized and submetacentric, and the Y was a small acrocentric chromosome. The fundamental number was 52.

Cytomorphic Effects of Chemical and Hormonal Agents, and Electronic Stimulation on the Peritoneal Mast Cells of the Rat

After the intraperitoneal injections of alloxan, carbon tetrachloride, cortisone acetate, adrenocorticotrophic hormone, morphine hydrochloride, toluidin blue, physiological saline solution, distilled water, and direct stimulation with electronic current, the peritoneal mast cells of the rat were observed in order to document and study the cytomorphic changes. Adult Sprague-Dawley strain albion rats were used. The substances tested were dissolved in physiological saline solution and injected into the abdominal cavity. Three to twenty four hours later the rats were sacrificed and the morphological changes of the peritoneal mast cells were observed by means of phase contrast microscopy and ordinary light microscopy. Cytomorphic effects of alloxan on the mast cells were comparatively marked and those effects of CC14, cortisone, ACTH, morphine-HCI, and physiological saline solution were slight and similar to each other. But the distructive effects of toluidin blue, distilled water, and electronic stimulation on the mast cells were severe and noticeable in this study. These results indicate that the intraperitmeal mast cells of rats show more sensitive reactions to a metabolic poisn alloxan, a low osmotic pressured-material distilled water, and a histamine liberator toluidin blue, and a physical stimulus electronic stimulation than the other similar chemical agents.

An Autoradiographic Study on Metabolism of Serotonin in Cerebral Nerve Cells Using 5-Hydroxytryptophan-C

In order to demonstrate autoradiographically the sites of serotonin metabolism in the brain, DL 5-HTP and DL 5-HTP-C14 were intraperitoneally administered to healthy adult mice. In order to distinguish histochemically serotonin-like substances which have staining characteristics similar to the enterochromaffin cells of the gastrointestinal tract, serotonin-releaser reserpine was administered intravenously to healthy adult rabbits. A stripping film technique for autoradiography, a ferric ferricyanide reduction test by Schmorl, and a Gomori-Burtner methenamine silver staining method for argentaffin cells were used in this study. In the brain tissues of mice treated with 5-HTP, it was observed that the cytoplasm of the nerve cells, of the cerebral cortex had blue positive staining substances by the ferric ferricyanide technique. In similar tissue sites in mice treated with 5-HTP-C14, a number of blackened-par-ticles reduced by beta rays were easily found. especially in the cytoplasm of nerve cells and neuroglia cells. It is suggested that the serotonin precursor, DL 5-hydrox-ytryptophan is metabolized the cerebral tissue, and serotonin is synthesized also in the nerve cells and the neuroglia cells.

A Phase Contrast Microscopic Study on the Induction of Cellular Deformation in Mast Cells

The influence of colchicine, colcemid, ginseng-alcohol extract, saponin, garlic alcohol-ether extract, and X-irradiation on free floating peritoneal mast cells were studied in rats by means of a phase contrast microscope. After the intraperitoneal injection of colchicine or colcemid the mast cells of the albino rat peritoneal fluid show an altered morphology. Ginseng-alcohol extract, allicin extracted from garlic, and X-irradiation do not elicit this cytological response.Mast cells exposed to saponin exhibit a severe destruction and degranulation. The relation of the mast cell-damaging agents, metabolic poisons, and X1-irradiation to the mast cell response is discussed with reference to the morphological changes. These are compared with the data of Padawer (1960, 1966).

Effect of Cortisone and X-ray Irradiation on Mast Cells of the Adrenalectomized Albinor Rats

The effects of cortisone administration and whole body irradiation by X-ray upon mesenteric mast cells of intact and adrenalectomized albino rats were studied. In intact rats, the administration of cortisone (50mg./kg) and whole body irradiation by X-ray (800r) caused severe degranulation and disruption of mesenteric mast cells within 24 hours. However their degranulation and disrupting effects upon mesenteric mast cells were markedly inhibited after the removal of the adrenal gland. Although the adrenalectomy alone hardly caused these morphological changes of mesenteric mast cells of the albino rats. According to this experiment it is fairly clear that the effects of cortisone and whole body X-ray irradiation inducing degranulation and disruption of mesenteric mast cells of the albino rats, were not direct phenomena but they indirectly affected the mesenteric mast cells through some special mechanism mediated by the adrenal gland.

Histological Studies on the Degranulation of Mesenteric Mast Cells of the Rat by Water Extracts of Ginseng

Ever since Fujidani made his report in 1905, many workers have studied the chemical components of Panax Ginseng and their effects on depression of blood pressure. Ri1ey (1952) and other workers have demonstrated the degranulation of mast cells in experimental animaIs treated with some histamine liberators, and the existence of a histamine liberator in the water extract of ginseng has been demonstrated by pharmacological assay by Lee et aI (1960). This present study was intended observe the disruption and degranulation of mesenteric mast cells of rats administered the water extract of ginseng, which might contain the histamine liberator. Variab1e doses of the water extract were injected intraperitoneally, and the degranulation of mesenteric mast cells was histologically demonstrated by means of toluidin blue, Giemsa, May-Gr nwa1d and Wright's stains. Degranulation began in the experimental group given 4ml of the extract mixed with 16cc. of Tyrode solution; the severity of degranulation increased probably with the dose of the extract, and extreme degranulation took place in the groups injected with dose of 6 or 8ml of the extract.

Sex Determination with Sex Chromatin of Epithelial Cells from the Oral Mucosa in Koreans

The authors studied 100 Koreans for sex determination using the sex chromatin of the epithelial cells from the oral mucosa according to Marberger's method. Turbid suspensions obtained by scraping the buccal mucosa were used; these were stained with a modified Feulgen technic for DNA. Summarizing our observations, the percentage of the sex chromatin in the nuclei of the epithelial cells showed a remarkable difference between the male and feamle of 23.6%. The authors confirmed the fact that the method of oral smear which had already been introudced by Marberger and his associates (1955) might be applicable to the Korean, also.