Comparative effect of petroselinum sativum extract and rutin on liver functions

Serum enzymes are very important in clinical diagnosis of diseases and estimation of liver damage of intoxicated rats by CCL[4]. In this study the effect of Petroselinum sativwn extracts was measured on the enzyme activities of liver transaminase "ALT, AST, ALP, and LDH". Also, the activity of lysosomal enzymes "ACP; beta-GAL, and beta-NAG In addition to superoxide dismutase as an antioxidant enzyme were determined after oral treatment with two concentrations "50 and 100 mg/kg b.w" for 21 days after injection i.p. of CCL[4] to evaluate the possible curative effect for the ethanolic extract of parsley. The activity of SOD as an antioxidant enzyme was also studied. Rutin as a standard antioxidant was orally administered as single dose "100 mg/kg b.w" for the same periods "10, and 20 days". This experiment was performed in two groups of rats "intoxicated and nontoxicated treatments". The results revealed that the liver enzymes activity "ALT, AST, ALP, and LDH" were markedly increased in hepatotoxic rats after the duration time. The higher activities of these enzymes could be referred to induced cell damage after CCL[4] treatment. Also, the lysosomal enzymes such as "ACP, beta-GAL, and beta-NAG" were markedly increased in parallel to the hepatoxic rats, SOD activity was significantly decreased. After plant extract administration by the two concentrations and Rutin by single dose, the enzyme activities of "ALT, AST, ALP, LDH, ACP, beta-GAL, and beta-NAG" were ameliorated and decreased significantly as compared to the control group. SOD activity was increased. Petroselinum sativum ethanolic extract exerted a curative effect on the enzyme activities of transaminase, "ALP, LDH, and the activities of lysosomal enzymes of rat liver. Also, this extract suppressed the oxidative stress by enhancement of the SOD activity

Effect of interferon alfa-2-beta on the DNA, RNA, proteins and the O[2]-uptake of Rat liver mitochondria and homogenates

The effect of interferon alfa-2-b [IFN] on O[2]-uptake of isolated rat liver homogenate and mitochondria at 37°C over two hours were examined in two concentrations "6428.5 and 3214.3 IU/kg rat". The results of the rates of aerobic respiration of rat liver homogenate revealed the occurrence of uniform reductions in total O[2]-consumption after 1, 2, 3 and 4 hours exposure to the two concentrations of interferon. On the other hand, the O2-uptake of mitochondria exerted an enhancement effect after the exposure time under the effect of the drug. Protein patterns were determined and identified by SDS/PAGE method, genomic DNA was extracted and purified, then isolated on 1% agarose for analysis the molecular size of DNA after treatment with interferon by the two doses. RNA was extracted and purified and then isolated on agarose 1.3% for determining the differences in the molecular size between the treated and nontreated samples. The protein concentration was significantly increased by the two doses of the drug. The protein patterns on SDS/PAGE revealed different bands with different molecular Daltons. The genomic DNA isolated from rat liver mitochondira or homogenate have a high molecular size [more than 1.0 kbp.]. In addition, interferon at the low dose decreased the RNA concentration either in rat liver homogenate or mitochondria, while the high dose of the drug increased the concentration of RNA. The molecular weight of isolated RNA on agarose either from rat liver homogenate or mitochondria after drug treatment exhibited a molecular size more than 1031 bp. PCR amplification was conducted on genomic DNA of rat liver homogenate after interferon alpha 2-b treatment by the high dose only. All PCR products appeared to be identical and the bands had the same molecular weights

Protective effect of two anti-hepato toxic agents: silymarin and alpha-tocopherol against the subcellular toxicity induced by the hypolipidemic agent etofibrate

Etofibrate, a nicotinoyl derivative of clofibrate which belongs to the family of fibric acids. Both nicotinic acid and clofibrate are known for their hypolipidemic action and are used for the treatment of hyperlipoproteinemia. In the present study, the effect of three concentration levels of etofibrate on four rat liver lysosomal enzymes [Acid phosphatase, beta-Galactosidase, B, N-Acetyl glucosaminidase and b-Glucuronidase] for three incubation periods [30, 60 and 120 minutes] were studied in vitro, and were then compared with their combined effects together with a single therapeutic dose of each of two anti-hepato toxic agents. Silymarin and alpha-tocopherol [vitamin E] separately on the same enzymes for the same incubation periods. The results obtained showed that the three doses of etofibrate induced a marked releasing effect on the four lysosomal enzymes irrespect of the incubation time. Meanwhile, a considerable stabilization of these enzymes was observed when each of the two single doses for alpha-tocopherol and silymarin were used separately with etofibrate at the lowest concentration level

Effect of the hypolipidemic agent gemfibrozil and its combination with two anti-hepato toxic agents silymarin and alpha-tocopherol on rat liver lysosomal enzymes in vitro

Gemfibrozil, is a potent hypolipidemic agent used for the treatment of elevated levels of plasma triglycerides and very low density lipoprotein cholesterol [VLDL]. In this study, the effect of three sole graded concentrations of gemfibrozil on four rat liver lysosomal acid hydrolases [Acid phosphatase, beta-Galactosidase, b.N. Acetyl glucosaminidase and beta-Glucuronidase] were studied for three incubation periods [30, 60 and 120 minutes] in vitro. The effect of the same concentration levels of gemfibrozil, each combined with a single therapeutic dose of two anti-hepatotoxic agents: silymarin and alpha-tocopherol on the same lysosomal enzymes for the same incubation periods were also investigated. The results of this study showed that gemfibrozil displayed a highly significant releasing effect on the four lysosomal enzymes regardless of the dose or the incubation time, and that such effect presists even in the presence of the two membrane protecting agents: silymarin and alpha tocopherol

Effect of piroxicam, pirprofen and primobolanon the lysosomal acid hydrolases activity and on the total protein and nucleic acids in rat kidney

The aim of this work was to study the effect of the administration of piroxicam [Feldene], pirprofen [Rengasil] alone and in combination with the anabolic agent methyl androstenolone acetate [Primobolan] on the total enzymatic activity and extralysosomal release of four selected renal lysosomal enzymes markers; namely, acid phosphatase [ACP], B-N-acetyl-glucosaminidase [B-NAG], B-galactosidase [B-GAL] and alpha- galactosidase [alpha-GAL]. The effect of these drugs on the total protein and the nucleic acids [RNA and DNA] in rat kidney homogenate was also investigated

Comparative effects of anti-inflammatory drugs and an anabolic agent on the subcellular components, lysosomal enzymes and oxygen consumption of mitochondria in rat liver

The effect of oral administration of piroxicam in dose 1.8 mg/Kg [L.D] and 5.4 mg/Kg [H.D.], pirprofen in doses 8 mg/Kg [L.D.] and 24 mg/Kg [H.D.] and primobolan in dose 1.8 mg/Kg b.wt for 8 successive weeks, on the total activities and extralysosomal release of B-galactosidase [B-GAL], N-acetyl 8-glucosaminidase [B-NAG] and alpha-galactosidase [alpha-GAL] in rat liver were examined [on 10 groups]. The collective data showed that primobolan and piroxicam by the two doses has no effect on alpha-GAL activity and the enzyme release. B-NAG and B-GAL activities were affected by the high dose of piroxicam and the combined mixture with primobolan. The total enzymatic activity was inhibited, while the extralysosomal release was significantly increased. Primobolan inhibited B-GAL activity, also the low dose of piroxicam in combined mixture suppressed the total enzymatic activity of B-NAG. In addition, the high dose of pirprofen exerted an enhancement on the total enzymatic activity and the extralysosomal release while the low dose of this drug resulted in a significant increase the total activity of B-NAG and release of B-GAL. Comparative studies of the test anti-inflammatory drugs on the O[2]-consumption of rat liver mitochondria showed that the enhancement effect on the respiration, were dose dependent

Time course of udp-gal: N-acetylglucosamine B- [1- -4] galactosyltransferase in homogenates of chinese hamster ovary cells at either

The effect of different temperatures and time of incubation on the activity of UDP-Gal: GlcNAC beta [1- ->4] galactosyltransferase were studied in this paper. The time course has been done on 150 mu l of cell sonicate of the Chinese Hamster Ovary cells [CHO cells], 2 mu l of UDP-[3H] galactose [2.5 mM.], 100 mu l of 50 mM. GlcNAC, and 50 mu l of assay mixture [500 mM. MnCl2, H2O, 10% triton X-100, 1.25 M. of galactonolactone, and 125 mM. ATP], at either temperature 20C or 37C. At each time, point zero, 30, 60 and 90 minutes, about 25 mu l from aliquot was removed and 1 ml of water was added in an Eppendorf tubes. Samples were boiled for 5 min to denature the enzyme, then all the samples were desalted by passing over a column of Dowax-Borate to isolate the product of N-acetyllactosamine. The degree of formation of this compound was dependent on the enzymatic activity of galactosyltransferase of CHO cells which is correlated with time and temperature. The product was diminished at 20C, while at 37C, the amount of this product was increased. Also, it was found in this study that the enzymatic activity of UDP-Gal: GlcNAC beta [1- >/4] galactosyltransferase in CHO cells was affected by temperature and was time-dependent

factors affecting the glycoproteins synthesized by embryonal carcinoma cell line F9 and the differentiated cells

To evaluate other factors important in the biosynthesis of the glycoproteins, the effect of low temperature 20C and 37C, and the time course of incubation of F9 cells and differentiated F9 cells media containing 6-3H-galactose, and in the other experiment in media containing 2-3H-mannose were examined. This study investigated the effect of 20C on the biosynthesis of glycoproteins in the mouse teratocarcinoma cell line. These cells were unusual in that upon treatment with 0.1 uM all-trans-retinoic acid the cells differentiate within 3 days to parietal endoderm-like cells and begin to synthesize basement membrane proteins, such as type IV collagen and laminin. In addition, the differentiated were cells no longer tumorigenic and synthesize different types of oligosaccharides on their glycoproteins than those that were made by undifferentiated F9 cells. Glycoproteins biosynthesis by either type was unaffected by low temperature treatment

Studies on some steroidal hormones III- Evaluation of steroid hormone interaction with specific nuclear proteins in-vitro

Five steroidal hormones were used for the aim of this investigation namely: testosterone, progesterone, 17-beta-oestradiol, ethynyloestradiol [EO] and norethisterone acetate [NEA]. The effect of test hormones on specific nuclear proteins and nuclear DNA of liver cells was studied. Results were compared and analyzed statistically

Studies on some steroidal hormones: II the effect of ethinyl estradiol on the actual release of some enzymes of rat liver lysosomes in-vitro

The rate of some lysosomal enzyme release was studied under the influence of varying concentrations of ethinyl-oestradiol. The release was recorded after 3 time intervals of 30, 60 and 120 minutes. The recorded release, direct effect and the actual release were calculated. Data were compared and analysed statistically

Studies on some steroidal hormones

The release of lysosomal enzyme isolated rat liver following exposure to varying concentrations of 17 beta- oestradiol in-vitro is hereby presented. The direct effect of the hormone on the enzyme activities was determined, and the actual release of the enzymes was recorded. Differences between enzyme patterns in relation to hormonal concentration levels and time of exposure were compared