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Objective:To calibrate the absorbed doses of the configured ray water with different gears of energies in accelerator based on<The use of plane-parallel ionization chambers in high-energy electron and photon beams>of International Atomic Energy Agency(IAEA)277 and 381 reports,so as to ensure the accuracy of the output dose of the linear accelerator during clinical radiotherapy.Methods:Elekta Infinity linear accelerator was used in this study,and the photon beam energies were respectively 6MV flattening filter(FF)mode and 6MV flattening filter free(FFF)mode.The electron beam energies were respectively 4,6,8,10,12 and 15MeV.According to the IAEA TRS277 and TRS381 reports,the calibrations of output doses in photon and electron beam waters were performed respectively by using the PTW dosimeter,PTW30013 finger type of ionization chamber and PTW34001 parallel plate ionization chamber.The error of each step was analyzed,and the accuracies of the calibrations of using different standards for the output waters of linear accelerator were compared.Results:The output amounts of photon beams of FF mode and FFF mode of 6MV at the maximum dose point in water were respectively 1.003 and 1.008cGy/MU.The output amounts of the energy of each gear of electron beams of 4,6,8,10,12 and 15MeV at the maximum dose point in water were respectively 1.003,1.002,0.998,0.999,1.000 and 1.003 cGy/MU.The calibration of the output of each gear of energy rays at the maximum dose point in water was 1cCy corresponded to 1MU,which error was less than 1%.Conclusion:The calibration for the output dose amount of accelerator in water on the basis of IAEA TRS277 and trs381 can ensure the accuracy of the output dose of the accelerator.
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Abstract Objectives Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is an aggressive epithelial cancer. The expression of miR-186 is decreased in a variety of malignancies and can promote the invasion and metastasis of cancer cells. This study aimed to explore the role and possible mechanism of miR-186 in the metastasis and epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT) of NPC. Methods The expression of miR-186 in NPC tissues and cells was detected by RT-PCR. Then, miR-186 mimic was used to transfect NPC cell lines C666-1 and CNE-2, and cell activity, invasion and migration were detected by CCK8, transwell and scratch assay, respectively. The expression of EMT-related proteins was analyzed by western blotting analysis. The binding relationship between miR-186 and target gene Zinc Finger E-Box Binding Homeobox 1 (ZEB1) was confirmed by double luciferase assay. Results The expression of miR-186 in NPC was significantly decreased, and transfection of miR-186 mimic could significantly inhibit the cell activity, invasion, and migration, and regulate the protein expressions of E-cadherin, N-cadherin and vimentin in C666-1 and CNE-2 cells. Further experiments confirmed that miR-186 could directly target ZEB1 and negatively regulate its expression. In addition, ZEB1 has been confirmed to be highly expressed in NPC, and inhibition of ZEB1 could inhibit the activity, invasion, metastasis and EMT of NPC cells. And co-transfection of miR-186 mimic and si-ZEB1 could further inhibit the proliferation and metastasis of NPC. Conclusion miR-186 may inhibit the proliferation, metastasis and EMT of NPC by targeting ZEB1, and the miR-186/ZEB1 axis plays an important role in NPC.
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Objective @#To investigate the role and mechanism of bone formation caused by the ratio of advanced platelet-rich fibrin (A-PRF) and β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) in rabbit femur defect model, which provides a new idea for clinical treatment of bone defect.@*Methods @#Twenty-four New Zealand white rabbits were divided into model group, 1∶1 complex group (A-PRF∶β-TCP=1∶1), 2∶1 complex group (A-PRF∶β- TCP=2∶1) and 4∶1 complex group (A-PRF∶β- TCP=4∶1）, with 6 rabbits in each group. Femoral defect models were constructed in each group. In the composite group, the bone defect was filled with composite material, while in the model group, no material was filled. After 8 weeks, the animals were euthanized and specimens were collected. Bone mineral density (BMD), bone volume fraction (BV/TV), trabecular thickness (Tb.Th), trabecular separation (Tb.SP) and trabecular number (Tb.N) in femoral defect tissue were measured by micro-CT and photographed. Hematoxylin - eosin staining was used to detect the pathological changes of new bone tissue. The morphological changes of the new bone tissue were observed by scanning electron microscopy. Determination of phospho-mitogen activated protein kinase p38 (p-p38MAPK), CCAAT/enhancer binding protein homologous protein (CHOP) and phospho-cysteine aspartic protease-3 (p-Caspase3) in newborn femur by ELISA. The mRNA expressions of osteoprotegerin (OPG), bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2), receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) and p38MAPK were detected by real-time quantitative PCR. The expression of OPG, BMP-2, RANKL, p-p38MAPK and p-Caspase3 protein in the new bone tissue was observed by immunohistochemistry. @*Results @#In the model group, bone formation in the femoral defect area was slow and osteogenic quality was poor. Compared with the model group, the bone formation and neocapillaries of femoral defect area in the complex group was good, BMD, BV.TV, Tb.Th, Tb.N were increased, and Tb.Sp were decreased, the expressions of p-p38MAPK, CHOP and p-Caspase3 were decreased, and the mRNA and protein expressions of OPG and BMP-2 were increased. The mRNA expression of RANKL and p38MAPK was decreased. Apoptosis in new bone tissue of each group showed the lowest apoptosis rate in samples of the 2∶1 complex group (P<0.05); A-PRF: β-TCP=2∶1 ratio has the best osteogenic effect. @*Conclusion@#The complex composed of A-PRF and β-TCP can promote the expression of OPG, inhibit the expression of RANKL and phosphorylation of p38MAPK, reduce the apoptosis of new bone tissue cells, and promote osteogenic differentiation.
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Objective@#To explore the ideal sagittal position of the lower third of the face in high-angle patients with different forehead forms and to provide a reference for clinical treatment. @*Methods@#Informed consent and portrait authorization were obtained from all patients, and the study passed the ethical review of the unit. We categorized forehead forms into four types: straight, rounded, type I angular (angled at the middle third of the forehead) and type II angular (angled at the upper third of the forehead). Profiles of high-angle patients with different forehead forms were collected. The initial position was when the facial axis point (FA point) was positioned at the goal anterior-limit line (GALL). After being silhouetted, the lower third of the face was moved forward and backward by 1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm, and 4 mm each, plus the initial silhouetted picture, to obtain 9 images for each patient. A survey was created with these lateral profile silhouettes, and the silhouette images were ranked by 30 orthodontists and 30 laypersons. @*Results@# There were significant differences in profile scores at different movement distances of the lower third of the face among high-angle patients with different forehead shapes (P<0.05). Overall, high-angle patients with straight or type II angular foreheads had higher scores when the lower third of the face did not move. For high-angle patients with a rounded forehead, orthodontists and laypersons gave the highest scores when the lower third of the face was moved backward by 2 mm and 4 mm, respectively. For high-angle patients with a type I angular forehead, orthodontists thought the scores of backward movement of 4 mm were the highest, and laypersons thought the scores of backward movement of 3 mm were the highest. No significant difference was found in scores between orthodontists and laypersons (P>0.05). @*Conclusion @#The forehead forms and the sagittal position of the lower third of the face will affect the face’s profile aesthetics. Patients with straight and type Ⅱ angular foreheads has the best profile when the FA point is located on the GALL line. For patients with rounded and type Ⅰ angular foreheads, a posterior location of the lower third of the face is more desirable than the initial position.
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@#Abstract: Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of the migratory bird population with hypertension in Hainan and to provide a basis for the health management of the migratory bird population. Methods One hundred and eighty migratory birds with hypertension who had lived in in the Mangrove Bay community of Chengmai, Hainan for 3 months or more were selected as the study population. Demographic data, including gender, age, ethnicity, occupation, medication use, family history of hypertension, hometown living environment, Hainan living environment (presence of water area and greenbelt around the residence, type of water area and greenbelt), smoking and alcohol consumption, and height and weight were collected by questionnaire and physical examination to investigate the epidemiological characteristics of the study subjects, and unconditional dichotomous logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors affecting the reduction of blood pressure among the hypertensive migratory bird population before and after taking medication in Hainan. Results A total of 180 study subjects were included, including 77 (42.8%) males and 103 (57.2%) females, with 78 (43.3%) subjects aged ≤65. The hypertension levels were: 87 (48.3%) had normal high blood pressure, 56 (31.1%) had grade 1 hypertension and 37 (20.6%) had grade 2 hypertension. The higher the blood pressure classification, the lower the percentage of migratory individuals whose blood pressure dropped during their stay in Hainan. Age, hypertension classification, dietary habits, living environment, body mass index (BMI), and alcohol consumption were associated with a decrease in blood pressure during Hainan among the study participants who took hypertension medication regularly. Salty diet (OR=2.778, 95%CI:1.070-7.213, P=0.036) and alcohol consumption (OR=2.686, 95%CI:1.042-6.925, P=0.041) were unfavorable factors for lower diastolic blood pressure before taking medication; overweight (OR=3.487, 95%CI:1.306-9.310, P=0.013) was an unfavorable factor in the reduction of diastolic blood pressure after taking medication. Conclusion The blood pressure reduction is more significant in migratory individuals in migratory individuals under 65 years old, with a light diet, no alcohol consumption and normal BMI. Environmental factors, age, dietary habits and lifestyle are the main causes of blood pressure, which can provide a reference basis for the health management of the migratory birds with hypertension in Hainan.
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ABSTRACT Introduction: The step movement in volleyball is a fundamental skill that volleyball players must master, being the basis of the support of all other techniques of this sport. Objective: Explore the effect of ladder training on the mobility of high school volleyball players. Methods: Twenty high school male volleyball players aged 16-17 were selected as experimental volunteers. Randomly divided into experimental and control groups, 10 individuals in each group received a training intervention for 8 weeks, with ladder training added to the experimental group. Results: Both pieces of training resulted showed positive effects on the improvement of movement ability and speed and could effectively improve the athletes' movement speed ability. Conclusion: Through systematic ladder training, the excitatory conduction time in the reflex arc of athletes was significantly reduced, leading to a faster response to various signal stimuli, bringing the athletes' central nervous system to a state more prepared for sports practice. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.
RESUMO Introdução: O movimento dos passos no voleibol é uma habilidade fundamental que os praticantes de voleibol devem dominar, sendo a base da sustentação de todas as demais técnicas desse esporte. Objetivo: Explorar o efeito do treinamento de escada sobre a mobilidade dos jogadores de voleibol do ensino médio. Métodos: Vinte jogadores de voleibol masculino com idade entre 16 a 17 anos do ensino médio foram selecionados como voluntários experimentais. Divididos aleatoriamente em grupo experimental e controle, 10 indivíduos em cada grupo, receberam uma intervenção de treinamento por 8 semanas, sendo acrescido ao grupo experimental o treinamento em escada. Resultados: Ambos treinamentos resultaram apresentaram efeitos positivos na melhoria da capacidade e velocidade de movimento, podendo efetivamente melhorar a capacidade de velocidade de movimento dos atletas. Conclusão: Através do treinamento sistemático por escada, o tempo de condução excitatória no arco reflexo dos atletas foi reduzido significativamente, levando a uma resposta mais rápida a vários estímulos de sinal, aproximando o sistema nervoso central dos atletas a um estado mais preparado para a prática esportiva. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação dos resultados do tratamento.
RESUMEN Introducción: El movimiento de paso en el voleibol es una habilidad fundamental que los jugadores de voleibol deben dominar, siendo la base del apoyo de todas las demás técnicas de este deporte. Objetivo: Explorar el efecto del entrenamiento en escalera sobre la movilidad de los jugadores de voleibol de secundaria. Métodos: Se seleccionaron 20 jugadores de voleibol masculinos de secundaria de entre 16 y 17 años como voluntarios experimentales. Divididos aleatoriamente en grupo experimental y grupo de control, 10 individuos en cada grupo, recibieron una intervención de entrenamiento durante 8 semanas, con entrenamiento de escalera añadido al grupo experimental. Resultados: Ambos entrenamientos mostraron efectos positivos en la mejora de la capacidad de movimiento y la velocidad, y pudieron mejorar efectivamente la capacidad de velocidad de movimiento de los atletas. Conclusión: Mediante el entrenamiento sistemático en escalera, se redujo significativamente el tiempo de conducción excitatoria en el arco reflejo de los atletas, lo que condujo a una respuesta más rápida a diversos estímulos de señal, llevando el sistema nervioso central de los atletas a un estado más preparado para la práctica deportiva. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.
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ABSTRACT Introduction: Physical training is essential to physical fitness in freestyle skiers. The domain of stability in the technical movements is a determinant of the competition, always constantly improving. Objective: Develop a physical training program adapted to freestyle skiing. Methods: Twelve freestyle skiers were selected as volunteers for the experiment. This paper compares athletes' physical qualities and individual abilities before and after physical training. Through recent research, the athletes' physical condition was comprehensively evaluated to test the effectiveness of their physical training. results: Freestyle skiers showed good anaerobic fitness. A relationship was found between the maximum number of thrusts, the degree of spin in the air, the maximum power duration, and the power decay rate (P<0.05). In the body balance test, the lower limbs showed deficiencies in anteroposterior mobility, while bipodal balance showed no significantly statistical differences (P>0.05). Conclusion: This paper systematically studies body composition, the center of gravity strength, anaerobic capacity, and balance in freestyle skiers. The results provide a good assessment of the effect of fitness training on freestyle ski athletes. These results have particular guiding significance for formulating and implementing training programs focused on the sport. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.
RESUMO Introdução: O treinamento físico é parte essencial da aptidão física em esquiadores de estilo livre. O domínio da estabilidade nos movimentos técnicos é determinante sobre as competições, estando sempre em constante aprimoramento. Objetivo: Elaborar um programa de treinamento físico adaptado ao esporte do esqui de estilo livre. Métodos: Selecionou-se 12 esquiadores de estilo livre como voluntários ao experimento. Este artigo compara as qualidades físicas e habilidades individuais dos atletas antes e depois do treinamento físico. Através de pesquisas recentes, avaliou-se de forma abrangente a condição física dos atletas para testar a eficácia de seu treinamento físico. Resultados: Os esquiadores de estilo livre apresentaram uma boa praticabilidade anaeróbica. Foi encontrada uma relação particular entre o número máximo de propulsões e o grau de giro no ar, a duração máxima da potência e a taxa de decaimento da potência (P<0,05). No teste de equilíbrio corporal, os membros inferiores apresentaram deficiências de mobilidade anteroposterior, enquanto o equilíbrio bipodal não apresentou diferenças significativamente estatísticas (P>0,05). Conclusão: Este artigo fornece um estudo sistemático da composição corporal, força do centro gravitacional, capacidade anaeróbica e equilíbrio em esquiadores de estilo livre. Os resultados proporcionam uma boa avaliação do efeito de treinamento de aptidão física nos atletas de esqui de estilo livre. Estes resultados têm um significado orientador particular para a formulação e implementação de programas de treinamento focados na modalidade. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação dos resultados do tratamento.
RESUMEN Introducción: El entrenamiento físico es una parte esencial de la aptitud física en los esquiadores de estilo libre. El dominio de la estabilidad en los movimientos técnicos es determinante sobre las competiciones, estando siempre en constante mejora. Objetivo: Desarrollar un programa de entrenamiento físico adaptado al deporte del esquí de estilo libre. Métodos: Se seleccionaron doce esquiadores de estilo libre como voluntarios para el experimento. Este artículo compara las cualidades físicas y las capacidades individuales de los atletas antes y después del entrenamiento físico. Mediante una investigación reciente, se evaluó exhaustivamente la condición física de los atletas para comprobar la eficacia de su entrenamiento físico. Resultados: Los esquiadores de estilo libre mostraron una buena aptitud anaeróbica. Se encontró una relación particular entre el número máximo de empujes y el grado de giro en el aire, la duración de la potencia máxima y la tasa de disminución de la potencia (P<0,05). En la prueba de equilibrio corporal, los miembros inferiores mostraron deficiencias en la movilidad anteroposterior, mientras que el equilibrio bipodal no mostró diferencias estadísticas significativas (P>0,05). Conclusión: Este artículo proporciona un estudio sistemático de la composición corporal, la fuerza gravitatoria central, la capacidad anaeróbica y el equilibrio en esquiadores de estilo libre. Los resultados proporcionan una buena evaluación del efecto del entrenamiento físico en los atletas de esquí de estilo libre. Estos resultados tienen una especial importancia orientativa para la formulación y aplicación de programas de entrenamiento centrados en este deporte. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.
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ABSTRACT Introduction: The start of a sprint race is one of its most important stages. The reaction time at the start lays a psychological foundation for normal performance and performance improvement in its next three stages. Objective: To research the reaction time of athletes in the starting stage of the 100-meters sprint race. This helps analyze the internal reaction mechanism of the body, which receives signals and responds to actions. Methods: We use a bibliographical research, experimental comparison, and mathematical statistics to study the starting reaction time of sprinters. Results: The starting reaction time of male and female sprinters was basically at the same level. Conclusion: The starting time of Chinese sprinters needs to be improved. 400-m sprinters, especially, should devote more training to their starting reaction time. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.
RESUMO Introdução: A partida é uma etapa importante na corrida de cem metros. A velocidade de reação no início estabelece a base psicológica para o desempenho normal e a melhoria do desempenho nas três fases seguintes. Objetivo: Investigar o tempo de reação de atletas no estágio inicial da corrida de 100 metros rasos. Isso ajudará a analisar o mecanismo de resposta interno do corpo, que recebe sinais e responde a ações. Métodos: Pesquisa bibliográfica com comparação experimental e estatísticas matemáticas para estudar o tempo de reação inicial de corredores. Resultados: O tempo de reação inicial de corredores do sexo feminino ou masculino foi basicamente o mesmo. Conclusões: O tempo de reação inicial dos corredores chineses precisa ser melhorado. Corredores dos 400 metros, especialmente, devem dedicar mais tempo de treinamento ao tempo de reação inicial. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação de resultados de tratamento.
RESUMEN Introducción: La partida es una etapa importante en la corrida de cien metros. La velocidad de reacción en el inicio establece la base psicológica para el desempeño normal y la mejoría del desempeño en las tres fases siguientes. Objetivo: Investigar el tiempo de reacción de atletas en la etapa inicial de la corrida de 100 metros. Esto ayudará a analizar el mecanismo de respuesta interno del cuerpo, que recibe señales y responde a acciones. Métodos: Investigación bibliográfica con comparación experimental y estadísticas matemáticas para estudiar el tiempo de reacción inicial de corredores. Resultados: El tiempo de reacción inicial de corredores del sexo femenino o masculino fue básicamente el mismo. Conclusiones: El tiempo de reacción inicial de los corredores chinos necesita ser mejorado. Corredores de 400 metros, especialmente, deben dedicar más tiempo de entrenamiento al tiempo de reacción inicial. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de resultados de tratamiento.
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Objective@# To explore the design and manufacture of anatomical healing abutment for mandibular first molar implant in order to provide more choices for clinical healing abutment@*Methods@# The buccal lingual diameter and mesial distal diameter of the tooth neck, as well as the slope data of the four axial surfaces of the natural isolated teeth, were obtained by scanning the isolated mandibular first molar with a shining scanner. After statistical analysis of the data, the anatomical healing abutment of the mandibular first molar was designed and constructed using computer aided design/computer aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM).@*Results@#The mean buccal and lingual diameters of the mesial and distal diameters of the isolated mandibular first molars were (8.54 ± 0.78) mm and (7.87 ± 0.86) mm, and the tooth neck slopes of each axial surface of the isolated mandibular first molars were 17.53 °(buccal), 14.41 °(lingal), 13.40 °(mesial) and 13.43 °(distal), respectively. Three anatomical healing abutments with different peripheral diameters and heights of 5 mm were obtained according to a certain proportion of reduction of the natural teeth of the mandibular first molars@*Conclusion@#The anatomical healing abutment of the mandibular first molar can be quickly obtained by Shining scanning and CAD/CAM technology.
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Asiatic acid (AA) is a ursane pentacyclic triterpenoids, which possesses a wide range of pharmacological activities, such as anti-tumor, hypoglycemic, anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial. Due to poor solubility and low bioavailability, clinical application of asiatic acid is limited. To address these defects, the structural modifications of AA have been carried out, and large numbers of AA-based derivatives with novel structure and eximious biological activity have been developed. In this paper, the research progress of structural modifications, biological activity, structure-activity relationship and mechanism studies in recent twenty years are reviewed, which provides reference for development of AA-related drugs.
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@#Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hospital admission cases with chemical poisoning in Guangdong Province from 2016 to 2020. Methods Data of hospital admissions for chemical poisoning in Guangdong Province from 2016 to 2020 were collected through Guangdong Province Health Statistics Network Reporting System，and descriptive analysis was conducted. The seasonal characteristics of the number of hospitalized poisoning cases were analyzed by the concentration method，the seasonal index（SI）was calculated by the weighted annual ratio averaging method，and the spatial auto-correlation of regional poisoning trend was analyzed by the global and local spatial autocorrelation. Results From 2016 to 2020，the number of hospital admissions for chemical poisoning in Guangdong Province was 54 656，showing a general decreasing trend. The sex ratio（male to female）was 0.90 ∶1.00. The top three types of hospitalization rates were carbon monoxide poisoning，alcohol poisoning and organic solvent poisoning. The main poisoning groups were students and children， farmers，workers and unemployed people，accounting for 31.74%，18.53%，13.91% and 10.39%，respectively. The 74.37% of poisoning cases were cured or improved and discharged，and the case fatality rate was 0.48%. The top three hospitalization rates in age group of 0-<5 years were organic solvent，metal and carbon monoxide poisoning. The hospitalization rate of carbon monoxide poisoning ranked the first among all age groups of ≥5 years. The top three regions with the highest average annual hospitalization rate were Shaoguan City （25.14/105 ），Qingyuan City （17.04/105 ） and Meizhou City （16.09/105 ）. Carbon monoxide poisoning had a strong seasonality（M=0.77），with high incidence months of January，February and December（SI were 3.60，3.08 and 2.48，respectively）. The inpatients with chemical poisoning showed non-random distribution and spatial correlation（all P<0.01），with a high-high clustering among 13 districts and counties in northern Guangdong（all P<0.05）. Conclusion The number of hospital admission cases of chemical poisoning showed an overall decreasing trend in Guangdong Province from 2016 to 2020. The main types of poisoning were carbon monoxide poisoning，alcohol poisoning and organic solvent poisoning. The spatial distribution of chemical poisoning types showed spatial correlation and there were high-high clustering areas.
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Objective@#To understand the sanitary condition of rural school toilets in Laibin City, and to provide scientific basis for the government and education departments to improve the sanitary condition of rural school toilets and to rebuild and build new harmless sanitary toilets.@*Methods@#The sanitary condition of toilets and feces treatment of the rural areas of 6 counties of Laibin City were thoroughly investigated through file review, on-site inspection and interviews.@*Results@#There were 36 schools without toilets, all of which were primary schools. Those schools distributed in Jinxiu County (31), accounting for 35.63% in its primary schools(31/87). Among the 651 schools with toilets, there were 1 559 sanitary toilets and 90 unsanitary toilets (all distributed in primary schools). and the percentage of unsanitary toilets in primary schools was that Jinxiu County 44.64% and Heshan City 31.25%. The proportion of sanitary toilets in teaching buildings, offices or dormitory buildings in primary schools, middle schools and nine-year schools was 77.36%, 94.20% and 30.95%, respectively. Hierarchical analysis found that outdoor toilets accounted for the largest proportion of middle schools in Xiangzhou County (72.46%), followed by nine-year schools in Xingbin District (71.79%). Among sanitary toilets, the proportion of harmless sanitary toilets was 95.51%, which was 100% in middle schools and nine-year schools, and 94.30% in primary schools. Four of the six counties (cities and districts) accounted for 100%, and the proportion of primary schools of Xingbin District was lowest, which accounted for 89.79%.@*Conclusion@#At present, the sanitary condition of toilets in rural schools in Laibin City has been obviously improved, but there are still many schools lack of toilets or sanitary toilets, in some counties (cities, districts), especially in primary schools. Quality of toilet management should be improved while strengthening the construction of harmless sanitary toilets in schools.
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This paper explores the potential mechanism of microRNA-143–5p regulation effects on pulmonary arterysmooth muscle cells (PASMCs) functions in hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (HPH) via targeting HIF-1a,which may offer a new idea for HPH therapy. PASMCs were transfected with mimics control/miR-143–5pmimics or inhibitor control/miR-143–5p inhibitor. We used Western blotting and RT-qPCR to detect the proteinand mRNA expressions, CCK-8 assay to detect cellular viability, Annexin V-FITC/PI staining and caspase3/cleaved caspase-3 protein to evaluate cellular apoptosis, transwell migration experiment for cellularmigration measurement and Dual luciferase reporter gene assay to prove the target of miR-143–5p. Cells underhypoxic condition presented the decreased protein and mRNA expressions of a-smooth muscle actin (SM-aactin), Myocardin, smooth muscle myosin heavy chain (SMMHC), and smooth muscle-22a (SM22a),Calponin1 and Hypoxia-inducible factor-1a(HIF-1a), the increased cell viability and miR-143–5p level; Overexpression of miR-143–5p obviously reduced vascular smooth muscle-specific contraction marker proteinlevels and cellular apoptosis, increased cellular migration of PASMCs with hypoxia stimulation; Low-expression of miR-143–5p caused the opposite changes, while co-transfected with Si HIF-1a blocked thebeneficial effects of miR-143–5p inhibition on PASMCs under hypoxia. MicroRNA-143–5p can promote thephenotype conversion, proliferation and migration of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells under hypoxiccondition through direct targeting of HIF-1a.
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@#[Abstract] Objective ： ：To investigate the long-chain noncoding RNA (Lnc RNA) PCGEM1 regulating the lung cancer (LC) cell invasion and metastasis through the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathways. Methods： ：From March 2016 to May 2018, total 62 cases of LC patients receiving surgical treatment in our hospital were collected, including cancer tissues and normal tissues more than 2 cm away from the cancer tissues. qRT-PCR was used to detect the expression of lncRNA PCGEM1 and miR-148a in LC, corresponding para-cancer tissues and different LC cell strains. LncRNA PCGEM1 silenced cell line A549-siPCGEM1 and negative control A549-NC were constructed, and A549 was used as blank control. MTT and plate cloning assay were used to detect the effect of PCGEM1 on the proliferation of A549 cells. Transwell and scratch assay were used to detect the effect of PCGEM1 on the invasion and migration of A549 cells. The bioinformatics website StarBase was used to predict the complementary binding miRNAof PCGEM1. Furthermore, according to the website Targetscan, the genes that the corresponding miRNAs could target and bind were predicted. Results： ：qRT-PCR results showed that the expression of PCGEM1 in LC tissues and lung cancer cell lines was higher than that in normal tissues, and the expression level of miR-148a was lower than that in normal tissues (all P<0.05). The expression level of PCGEM1 in A549 cells was the highest, and the difference was statistically significant compared with other cell lines (P<0.05). After successful construction of PCGEM1 silenced cells, compared with the blank control group and A549-NC group, the cell OD492nm value of A549-siPCGEM1 group was significantly decreased, the number of cell clones and the number of matrigel matrix gels was significantly reduced, the cell migration rate was significantly reduced, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). According to the prediction results of StarBase website, PCGEM1 could be complementary to miR-148a, and the prediction analysis on microRNA.org website shows that miR-148a had a targeted binding site with TGF-β2. qRT-PCR and Western blotting results showed that the expression of miR-148a was significantly increased in the A549-siPCGEM1 group compared with the blank control group and A549-NC group, and the expression of TGF-β2 and p-Smad 2 was significantly decreased (P<0.05), while the expression of the above indicators in the blank control group and A549-NC group was not statistically significant (P>0.05). Conclusion： ：Lnc RNA PCGEM1 is highly expressed in lung cancer. High expression of PCGEM1 may enhance the TGF-β2/Smad2 signaling pathway by downregulation of miR-148a, thus promoting the development of LC and the malignant biological behavior.
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The epidermis, the outermost layer of the skin, is the first barrier that comes into contact with the external environment. It plays an important role in resisting the invasion of harmful substances and microbial infections. The skin changes with age and external environmental factors. This study aimed to investigate epidermal stem cells during the process of aging. This study enrolled 9 volunteers with benign pigmented nevus for clinical dermatologic surgery. The phenotypes associated with skin aging changes such as skin wrinkles and elasticity of the unexposed/healthy parts near benign pigmented skin were measured, and epidermal stem cells from this region were isolated for transcriptome sequencing. The results showed that epidermal stem cells could be obtained by magnetic activated cell sorting (MACS) with high purity. Results of the transcriptome sequencing revealed that aquaporin (AQP)5 significantly decreased in the epidermal stem cells with age, and further functional experiments revealed that AQP5 could promote the proliferation and dedifferentiation of HaCaT, but did not influence cell apoptosis. In summary, AQP5 regulated the proliferation and differentiation of epidermal stem cells in skin aging, and it may play an important role in the balance of proliferation and differentiation. However, further studies are needed to determine the mechanism by which AQP5 regulates the proliferation and differentiation of epidermal skin cells in aging.
Subject(s)
Humans , Skin Aging , Aquaporin 5/metabolism , Stem Cells , Cell Differentiation , Cell Proliferation , EpidermisABSTRACT
@# Objective: To explore the association between the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of rs175048 in ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) gene and lung cancer susceptibility in Han population. Methods: A total of 225 cases of blood samples from lung cancer patients treated in Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Hengyang City and the Affiliated First Hospital of Nanhua University from October 2015 to August 2016 were collected as case group, and 128 cases of blood samples from healthy people were collected as the control. The polymorphisms of ATM rs175048 of above mentioned participants were detected by using the SNP sensitive On/Off Switch technique. The genotypes and allele frequencies were analyzed to compare the distribution difference between case group and control group as well as its association to the clinical features of lung cancer. Results: The genotype frequencies of AA, AT and TT of ATM rs175048 were 24.9%, 52.9%, 22.2% in case group and 42.2%, 42.2%, 15.6% in control group, respectively (all P< 0.01). Moreover, the frequencies of alleles A and T were 51.0%, 49.0% in case group, and 63.0%, 37.0% in control group (all P<0.01). Genotype TT might increase while genotype AT might decrease the risk of lung cancer. rs175048 SNP was significantly correlated with smoking, age, sex and family history (all P<0.05). Conclusion: rs175048 SNPis significantly associated with lung cancer, and TT genotype may increase the risk of lung cancer.
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Objective@#To investigate the relationships between behavioral problems and family environment in obese children aged 6-15 years to provide a dereference for the analysis of behavioral problems among obese children and the construction of their family environmet .@*Methods@#Family environment dimensions and behavioral problems were investigated among 2 376 obese children and 2 376 non-obese children with Family Environment Scale Symptoms Questionnaire and Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist. Data were analyzed by SPSS 17.0.@*Results@#The incidence of the behavioral problems in obese children (21.12%) was higher than that of non-obese children (15.53%)(χ2=24.93，P<0.01).The scores of Family Environment Scale Symptoms Questionnaire differed between obese children and nonobese children (Z=-2.44, -2.98, -3.38, P<0.05). Binary logistic regression results showed that for obese boys and girls aged 6 to 11 years, high maternal education levels(OR=0.78, 95%CI=0.69-0.88), family cohesion(OR=0.75, 95%CI=0.67-0.84) and less family conflicts(OR=0.81, 95%CI=0.75-0.87) were related to less behavioral problems; for obese boys and girls aged 12 to 15 years, family cohesion(OR=0.79, 95%CI=0.70-0.90) and less family conflicts(OR=0.78, 95%CI=0.71-0.86) were related to less behavioral problems.@*Conclusion@#Family cohesion and less family conflicts might help low the risk of behavioral problems among obese children. The role of family environment on behavioral problems should not be neglected in future mental health promotion and social work service for obese children.
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Objective To establish a mouse model for short-term exposure to ambient PM and to investigate the impact on the Cytochrome P450 1A1(CYP1A1)and O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase(MGMT)mRNA expression. Methods Twenty 6-week-old BALB/c mice were randomly assigned to one of two groups, each consisting of 5 male and 5 female animals. These mice were then housed in situ concurrently for 2 weeks in our lab located in urban area of Hangzhou. The first group was kept inside an individual ventilated caging(IVC)system equipped with a high-efficiency particulate-air(HEPA)filter, whereas the second was housed inside a IVC with HEPA filter removed. Then it's allowed flow-through of ambient air freely via a pipeline outside. Mice inside the HEPA filtration chamber were therefore protected from exposure to all airborne particulate. The other was in fact exposed to ambient air directly. After the exposure, the bronchoalveolar lavage(BAL)fiuid was collected for each animal and the differentials and percentages of BAL cells were determined. Paraffin sections of lungs of the mice were made and were examined for any inflammation changes. CYP1A1 and MGMT mRNA levels in the lungs were then detected by RT-qPCR. Results The mean concentration of PM2.5was(99.7±51.6)μg/m3in the exposure group. Weight increases were similar between the two groups(P>0.05). The number of total cells and macrophages in BALF from exposure mice was significantly greater than control.A mild inflammation was observed from light photomicrographs of the lung after PM exposure. CYP1A1 and MGMT mRNA levels were significantly up-regulated in the lung from the exposure group. Conclusion A mouse model for short-term exposure to ambient PM was established. CYP1A1 and MGMT may mediate the toxic effect of PM exposure.
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@#Objective: To explore the expression of long non-coding RNA RP11-259P1.1 (lncRNA RP11-259P1.1) in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) tissues and to analyze the relationship between lncRNARP11-259P1.1 expression and SCLC clinicopathological characteristics, as well as to investigate its effect in chemoresistance. Methods: Tissue samples, including 158 cases of tumor tissues from SCLC patients, who underwent bronchoscopic biopsy, puncture biopsy and surgical resection, 48 cases of para-cancerous tissues and 40 cases of normal lung tissues, collected from January 2012 to December 2016 in the Sixth People’s Hospital of Chengdu and General Hospital of Chengdu Military Region，were used in this study. The expression of lncRNARP11-259P1.1 was detected by Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (qPCR). χ2 test was used to analyze the relationship between the expression of lncRNA RP11-259P1.1 and the clinicopathological characteristics as well as chemotherapeutic resistance in SCLC patients. Relationship between lncRNA RP11259P1.1 expression and prognosis of SCLC patients was analyzed by univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis. Results: The expression of lncRNA RP11-259P1.1 in SCLC tissues was significantly higher than that in para-cancerous tissues and normal lung tissues (all P < 0.01). The expression of lncRNA RP11-259P1.1 in cancer tissues of chemosensitive group was significantly lower than that of chemoresistant group (P<0.05). The expression of lncRNA RP11-259P 1.1 was not correlated with gender and age, but significantly correlated with tumor stage, metastasis and chemosensitivity (all P<0.05). PFS and OS in patients with high lncRNA RP11-259P 1.1 expression were significantly shorter than those in patients with low expression ([12.25±1.83] vs [22.29±1.58] months, [23.55±1.35] vs [31.75±2.43] months, all P<0.01). The expression of lncRNA RP11-259P 1.1, tumor stage and distant metastasis were the independent prognostic factors in SCLC patients (all P<0.05). Conclusion: The high expression of lncRNA RP11-259P1.1 in SCLC tissues is associated with chemosensitivity and prognosis of SCLC patients, and may be a potential biomarker for prognosis evaluation in SCLC patients.
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Objective To study maternal toxicity, embryotoxicity and teratogenecity of Chimonanthus salicifolius S. Y. Hu in SD rats.Methods A total of 64 successfully mated female SD rats were randomly divided in to 4 groups (16 per group), in which 3 experimental groups were daily treated with 3.75, 7.5 and 15.0 g/kg. bw test substance by lavage from 7th to 16th day during gestation respectively. Body weight and general conditions of the pregnant rats were recorded during the study. On the 20th day in pregnancy, the rats were anatomized and examined grossly, the fetuses were removed and counted, weight, length, visceral and skeletal changes were then examined. Results There was no significant difference in the conception rate, total weight gain during the pregnancy and the number of living, dead and resorbed fetuses between each dosage groups and the control group (P>0.05) . The number of the rib, sternum, the fifth sternum punctated and the parietal bone which were ossified defectively all showed no difference among the four groups (P>0.05) . Conclusion Chimonanthus salicifolius S. Y. Hu extract had no obvious maternal toxicity, embryotoxicity and teratogenecity in SD rats under this experiment condition.