Determination of anti-oxidative, anti-microbial activity and heavy metal contents of Leucoagaricus leucothites

Mushrooms, a treasure of diverse bioactive scaffolds, have been widely admired due to their nutritional and medicinal significance all over the world. The current study intended to evaluate the therapeutic potentiality of an edible mushroom, Leucoagaricus leucothites [Vittad.] Wasser. Thus, anti-oxidant potential of L. leucothites was determined using DPPH assay and for the determination of anti-microbial potential agar dilution procedure was followed. TOS [total oxidant status], TAS [total anti-oxidant status], and OSI [oxidative stress index] values were evaluated utilizing Rel Assay Kits. For the assessment of heavy metal contents, wet decomposition approach with atomic absorption spectrophotometry was adopted. Screening of phytochemicals present in ethanolic extract of L. leucothites were determined by HPLC. TAS, TOS and OSI values were found to be 8.291mmol/L, 10.797ìmol/L and 0.130 respectively. Our results declared that heavy metal contents are generally in the safe range. Phytochemical analysis of L. leucothites has affirmed the presence of important phenolics such as gallic acid, catechin, and hesperidin. Investigations on antioxidant and anti-microbial potential of L. leucothites has uncovered the fact that this naturally occurring, biologically active, and therapeutically effective mushroom specie has natural borne anti-oxidant and anti-microbial potential and it would be worthwhile to use it for nutritional as well as medicinal purpose

Synthesis, antioxidant and anti-microbial properties of two organoselenium compounds

The aim of this study is synthesis of two different series of organoselenium compounds and available in vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of these synthetic compounds. The synthetic compounds were identified by [1]HNMR [300 MHz], [13]C-NMR [75.5 MHz], FT-IR spectroscopic techniques and micro analysis. Antioxidant properties of two synthetic organoselenium compounds were determined by 1, 1- diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl [DPPH] radical method, reducing power assay and beta-carotene bleaching method as in vitro. Antimicrobial effects of samples were assessed by the agar dilution procedure and using gram positive and gram-negative bacteria and yeast strains. Although 1, 3-di-p-methoxybenzylpyrimidine- 2-selenone showed better antiradical activity in DPPH test and higher protective activity on beta- carotene, 1-isopropyl-3-methylbenzimidazole-2-selenone was found to be better in reducing power and antimicrobial activity

Effects of propolis on blood biochemical and hematological parameters in nitric oxide synthase inhibited rats by N omega -Nitro-L-arginine methyl ester

This study showed the effects of propolis on biochemical and hematological parameters in chronic nitric oxide synthase inhibited rats by N [omega] -Nitro-L-arginine methyl ester [L-NAME]. Rats are given L-NAME for 15 days and the propolis for the last 5 days with L-NAME together. The levels of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase and gamma glutamyltransferase in the L-NAME group compared to control group have increased [P<0.05]. The levels of these parameters in L-NAME+propolis group compared to the L-NAME group have decreased [P<0.05]. L-NAME caused increase [P<0.05] in levels of glucose, albumin, globulin, creatinine, urea, triglyceride and cholesterol. Erythrocyte number, total leukocyte, hemoglobin, hematocrit, neutrophil and monocyte decreased [P<0.05], platelets and lymphocyte increased [P<0.05] in L-NAME+propolis group compared to the L-NAME group. The study concluded that homeostasis is modulated in L-NAME administrated rats by adding propolis which causes increasing generation of vascular nitric oxide

Propolis attenuates oxidative injury in brain and lung of nitric oxide synthase inhibited rats

The blocking of nitric oxide synthase [NOS] activity may reason vasoconstriction with formation of reactive oxygen species. Propolis has biological and pharmacological properties, such as antioxidant. The aim of this study was to examine the antioxidant effects of propolis which natural product on biochemical parameters in brain and lung tissues of acute nitric oxide synthase inhibited rats by Nco-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester [L-NAME]. Rats have been received L-NAME [40 mg/kg, intraperitoneally], NOS inhibitor for 15 days to produce hypertension and propolis [200mg/kg, by gavage] the lastest 5 of 15 days. There were the increase [P0<001] in the malondialdehyde levels in the L-NAME treatment groups when compared to control rats, but the decrease [P<001] in the catalase activities in both brain and lung tissues. There were statistically changes [P<001] in these parameters of L-NAME+propolis treated rats as compared with E-NAME-treated group. The application of L-NAME to the Wistar rats resulted in well developed oxidative stress. Also, propolis may influence endothelial NO production. Identification of such compounds and characterisation of their cellular actions may increase our knowledge of the regulation of endothelial NO production and could provide valuable clues for the prevention or treatment of hypertensive diseases and oxidative stress

The effects of synthetic organoselenium compounds on nitric oxide in DMBA - induced rat liver.

DMBA (7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene) is known to generate DNA-reactive species during their metabolism, which may enhance oxidative stress in cells. Since selenium is known as a non-enzymic antioxidant, health problems induced by many environmental pollutants, have stimulated the evaluation of relative antioxidant potential of selenium and synthetic organoselenium compounds. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate chemopreventive potential of synthetic organoselenium compounds by monitoring level of liver nitric oxide. In this study, adult female Wistar rats were treated with DMBA and the novel organoselenium compounds (Se I) and (Se II) in the determined doses. DMBA-induced in rats, the effects of organoselenium compounds on nitric oxide levels in rat liver was studied. In this study, it has been observed a statistically significant increase in (Nitric Oxide) levels for the liver of rat exposed to DMBA (p<0.05). However with administration of Se I and Se II there was a statistically significant decrease in NO levels (p<0.05). The ability of the organoselenium compounds to prevent oxidative damage induced by DMBA in rat livers was rationalized. Protection against nitric oxide measured in Se I and Se II treated groups were provided by synthesized organoselenium compounds. Se I and Se II both provided chemoprevention against DMBA-induced oxidative stress in rat liver.