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ObjectiveTransforming growth factor-β1 （TGF-β1） was used to stimulate human fetal lung fibroblast 1 （HFL1） for simulating the pathological process of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis （IPF） and thereby the effects and mechanism of medicated serum of Bupleuri Radix against IPF were investigated. MethodTGF-β1 （10 μg·L-1） was employed to stimulate HFL1， and cells were treated with medicated serum of Bupleuri Radix （5%， 10%， 15%， 20%） for 24 h. Then cell proliferation rate was determined with cell counting kit-8 （CCK-8）. Subsequently， cells were classified into the control group （20% blank serum）， TGF-β1 group （20% blank serum and 10 μg·L-1 TGF-β1）， TGF-β1 + medicated serum of Bupleuri Radix group （5% blank serum， 15% medicated serum， and 10 μg·L-1 TGF-β1）， and TGF-β1 + SIS3 group （3 μmol·L-1 SIS3， 20% blank serum， 10 μg·L-1 TGF-β1）. Based on in situ end labeling （TUNEL） staining， the apoptosis rate was examined， and mRNA expression of apoptosis-related proteins B-cell lymphoma 2 （Bcl-2）， Bcl-2 associated X protein （Bax） and myofibroblast marker α-smooth muscle actin （α-SMA） was detected by Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR）. The protein expression of α-SMA， Ras homolog enriched in brain （Rheb）， and phosphorylated （p）-Smad3 was determined by immunofluorescence. Expression of Rheb， p-Smad3， and Smad3 was examined by Western blot. ResultThe cell proliferation rate of TGF-β1 group increased compared with that of the control group （P<0.05）. The cell proliferation rate of TGF+15% medicated serum of Bupleuri Radix group and TGF+20% medicated serum of Bupleuri Radix group decreased compared with that of the TGF-β1 group （P<0.01）. Compared with the control group， TGF-β1 group showed decrease in apoptosis rate， increase in mRNA expression of Bcl-2 and α-SMA， reduction in Bax mRNA expression， and rise of α-SMA and Rheb protein expression and p-Smad3 level （P<0.05）. Compared with TGF-β1 group， TGF-β1 + medicated serum of Bupleuri Radix group and TGF-β1 + SIS3 group demonstrated high apoptosis rate， low Bcl-2 and α-SMA mRNA expression， high Bax mRNA expression， and low α-SMA and Rheb protein expression and p-Smad3 level （P<0.05）. ConclusionMedicated serum of Bupleuri Radix can inhibit TGF-β1-induced HFL1 proliferation and fibroblast-myofibroblast transition and promote fibroblast apoptosis by regulating the Smad3/Rheb axis.
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Objective:To investigate the mechanism of neurofibromin 1 (NF1) in gallbla-dder cancer.Methods:The experimental study was conducted. Human gallbladder cancer cell lines, including GBC-SD, NOZ, SGC996, EH-GB1, ZJU0428, human embryonic kidneys cell line 293T and human cervical cancer cell line HELA, were cultured. The recombinant plasmids (mRFP-YAP1 FL-FLAG and eGFP-MYC-NF1 2650?2750-HA) were constructed for co-immunoprecipitation experiment. The truncated Yes associated protein 1(YAP1) and NF1 recombinant proteins were purified in vitro. The interaction between NF1 and YAP1 in vitro or in vivo were verified by isothermal titration calori-metry (ITC) assay, GST pull-down experiment, co-immunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence, laser confocal microscopy, and the expression of NF1 protein in different gallbladder cancer cell lines was verified by Western blot experiments. Observation indicators: (1) interaction between NF1 and YAP1 in vitro; (2) interaction between NF1 and YAP1 in cells; (3) expression of NF1 protein in different human gallbladder cancer cell lines. The dissociation constants were exported from ITC 200 software and represented as Mean± SD. Count data were represented as absolute numbers. Results:(1) Interaction between NF1 and YAP1 in vitro. ① Results of ITC assay showed that there was interac-tion between PPQY and YAP1-WW1, between PPQY and YAP1 (Amino acid residues 162?275), and the dissociation constants between PPQY and YAP1-WW1, between PPQY and YAP1(Amino acid residues 162?275) were (0.42±0.06)mmol/L, (0.69±0.14)mmol/L, respectively. ② GST pull-down results indicated that the target protein His-Sumo-YAP1 WW1 was obviouly observed in protein lane of reaction system between GST-PPQY recombinant protein and His-Sumo-YAP1 WW1, relative to the reaction system between GST protein and His-Sumo-YAP1 WW1. The target protein His-Sumo-YAP1 WW2 was obviouly observed in protein lane of reaction system between GST-PPQY recombinant protein and His-Sumo-YAP1 WW2, relative to the reaction system between GST protein and His-Sumo-YAP1 WW2. (2) Interaction between NF1 and YAP1 in cells. ① Co-immunoprecipitation results indica-ted that NF1 protein was observed in cell lysis solution which was incubated by FLAG gel beads and cotransfected with mRFP-YAP1 FL-FLAG and eGFP-MYC-NF1 2650?2750-HA. ② Immuno-fluorescence and laser confocal microscopy results indicated that YAP1 and NF1 with obvious fluorescence were co-localized in the cytoplasm of human gallbladder cancer NOZ cells. However, YAP1 with obvious fluorescence was localized in the nucleus of human gallbladder SGC996 cells and NF1 showed weak fluorescence. (3) Expression of NF1 protein in different human gallbladder cancer cell lines. Western blot results showed that with the expression level of NF1 protein in HELA cell line as the standard, the relative expression levels of NF1 protein in EH-GB1, GBC-SD, NOZ, SGC996, ZJU0428 cell lines were 1.28, 0, 1.01, 0, 0, respectively. Conclusion:NF1 affects the gallbladder cancer by directly acting on YAP1 protein.
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OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for improving the pharmaceutical care of chain drug stores.METHODS:By convenience sampling,questionnaire survey about pharmaceutical care of drug stores was conducted among the customers in 5 chain drug stores (selecting each one branch drug store with certain scale) from Chengdu.The data were analyzed statistically.RESULTS:A total of 413 questionnaires were issued,of which 400 were valid,with effective recovery rate of 96.9％.Only 25.5 ％ respondents could identify the licensed pharmacist;higher educated respondents and respondents with academic background of medicine were more likely to make distinction (P＜0.05).The respondents who had often received the service of medication guidance,the service of recommending same effect medicine with low price and the service of medication instruction was only 45.5％,19.0％ and 48.3％ respectively,5.3％,13.0％ and 10.8％ of those who had never received such services.Respondents' satisfaction with the general service staff (64.0％) was much higher than with licensed pharmacist (34.3％).Respondents believed that the three most important pharmaceutical care were medication guidance,helping boiling TCM and free health test.CONCLUSIONS:Consumers can not clearly distinguish the licensed pharmacist in drug stores.The situation that consumers can get major items of pharmaceutical care is still unsatisfactory.Consumers are less satisfied with licensed pharmacists,but their attention to medication guidance services reflects their strong awareness of medication safety.
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OBJECTIVE:To improve the automation of hospital pharmaceutical warehouse management by using Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) language so as to improve work efficiency. METHODS:Through editing VBA language of Microsoft of-fice software,the experience of our hospital was swmmarized,such as letting the computer automatically sort,split and encrypt, pharmaceutical email and track purehase plan. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS:By adopting VBA programming,our hospital has re-alized automatic splitting of the pharmaceutical purchase plan,sending pharmaceutical shortage warning and automatic warning doc-ument management. Pharmaceutical purchase plans are sent faster and drug distribution to our hospital is becoming more timely. The management of document that have a period of validity is becoming more intelligent. Massive manpower and resoure are saved,and the work efficiency is greatly improved. New ideas and methods for smart warehouse management are provided.
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OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for promoting the further development of pharmaceutical service in chain phar-macies and the regulation of related departments. METHODS:Field investigation and questionnaire survey were used to investigate the basic situation of pharmaceutical care in 5 chain pharmacies in Chengdu city and analyze the results. RESULTS:In terms of core service,it showed that 2 pharmacies had no suspension of pharmacists license and the pharmacist was not on-the-job;there was significant difference in the medication guidance frequency of pharmacists in those pharmacies(P<0.05);more than 50% sur-veyed consumers received medication guidance when buying drugs in pharmacy B,C and E. In terms of perceived service,3 phar-macies existed illegal drug advertising and 3 existed illegal promotion;drug partitions of all pharmacies were good;service archive material showed best in pharmacy C and worst in pharmacy D;in service advisory zone setting,setting of independent advisory zone was worse. In terms of extended service,5 pharmacies had different preferential ways for memberships except for the prefer-ence in membership day;the unbundling service in those pharmacies was worse,and no pharmacies had no less than 10 unbun-dling varieties. CONCLUSIONS:Pharmaceutical service in chain pharmacies in Chengdu city is barely satisfactory. Pharmacy should strengthen the assessment and management of pharmacists and improve pharmaceutical service,and regulatory authorities strengthen the supervision of advertising and promotion of drugs. What’s more,it is suggested to establish cloud supervision plat-form with the internet information technology,carry out remote service and cloud service and strengthen brand marketing service on the internet to improve the pharmaceutical service levels in chain pharmacies.
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BACKGROUND:Class II malocclusion is commonly observed in clinics, with the main manifestation of skeletal malocclusion, and mandibular retrusion is the main reason. Class II malocclusion should be treated early to correct skeletal malformation and improve facial appearance. OBJECTIVE:To compare the biomechanics change in early treatment of Class II division 1 malocclusion with Twin-Block appliance and straight wire appliance combined with face-bow and Class II drawing. METHODS: Thirty patients with malocclusion who were at peak velocity on the growth curve were randomly divided into two groups, with 15 cases in each group. Patients in each group were treated with Twin-Block appliance and straight wire appliance combined face-bow and Class II drawing, respectively. The cephalometric records of al patients were examined before and after the treatments. The acquired data were processed by statistical analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After treatment, al molars and cuspid teeth achieved or reached Class I, and ANB angle decreased to normal range. The bone effect of Twin-Block appliance was more significant than straight wire appliance. Using Twin-Block appliance, the length of mandible body and lower face height increased significantly. Experimental findings indicate that, Twin-Block appliance has significant therapeutic effects in treatment of early skeletal Class II division 1 malocclusion patients, who are at peak velocity on the growth curve. With the biomechanical effects, this treatment corrects asymmetrical jaw relation, reconstructs the tissue, and obtains satisfactory lateral facial profile of soft tissues. The therapeutic effect is more obvious for patients with obvious mandibular retrusion, flared upper incisors and upright lower incisors.
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OBJECTIVE: To discuss the optimal operation mode for the management of donated drugs.METHODS: The possible problems existed in the management of donated medicines were found out through summarizing our practical experience in the inventory,storage and use etc of the donated drugs.RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS: In the management of donated medicines,emphasis should be attached to the inventory,storage and use of the donated medicines,meanwhile,a sound supervising system for the donation affairs should be set up to standardize the donation behavior,strengthen expiration date management and gradually establish the practical and effective work mode.
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Objective The application of intraoperative evoked EMG monitoring during lumbar pedicle screw fixation and to find new stimulus threshold criterion.Methods The validity of the evoked EMG monitoring in detecting the malposition of the pedicle screws was tested again by animal experiment.Nineteen patients was inserted pedicle screws with persistent evoked EMG monitoring via tap stimulator,and the electric current was set at 30% of bone threshold of the same pedicle,all patients were ohecked by CT scan to prove the outcome.Results Thirty-two pedicles of six dogs were inserted Kirchner wires.The stimulate thresholds of mal-position wires had significant difference with those of normal-position wires.During clinical trial,122 screws were inserted in to nineteen patients.Four screws were positive during intraoperative evoked EMG monitoring.Of which one screw was confirmed as mal-position during operation and was then adjusted;another screw was found to be mal-positioned by CT scan post-operation;the other two screws were found normal by CT scan.The sensitivity of this technique was 100% and the specificity was 98%.Conclusion Intraoperative evoked EMG monitoring during lumbar pedicle screw fixation can detect the mal-positioned screws and to protect the nerve roots.The stimulate current may set at 30% of the bone threshold of the relevant pedicle.
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OBJECTIVE To investigate the clinical characteristics and drug resistance of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA) among inpatients in Huaxi Hospital in five years.METHODS We analyzed clinical distribution and resistant data on inpatients infected with MRSA between Jan 2003 and Dec 2007 in Huaxi Hospital,and collected the annual consumption of common used antibiotics,amount of MRSA isolates and MRSA isolated rate from Staphylococcus aureus(SA) strains.The data were analyzed by the method of Spearman analysis in SPSS.RESULTS We analyzed totally 1478 MRSA strains.The most common specimens of MRSA were sputum(70.8%),other secretions(14.2%) and blood(4.6%).The MRSA strains were frequently detected in ICU(29.8%),Department of surgery(17.3%) and Department of respiratory Medicine(6.4%).The drug resistance rate to ampicillin,tetracycline,rifampin,imipenem,ciprofloxacin,gentamicin,cefalothin,cefotaxime and cefazolin were beyond 90% in five years.The drug resistance rate against Erythromycin,Clindamycin and Clarithromycin decreased gradually from 93.1%,92.2% and 95.5% in 2003 to 82.3%,76.7% and 81% in 2007.It had not been found the vancomycin-resistant MRSA.Except Cotrimoxazole,the drug resistance rates of MRSA in ICU were almost higher than those in non-ICU departments.Based on the SPSS analysis,we concludea that annual consumption of etimicin had a positive correlation with MRSA,and
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An RP-HPLC was established to determine scutellarin in rabbit plasma and to study pharmacokinetics of breviscapine in rabbits. The analytical column was DiamonsilTM C18(4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 microns), the mobile phase consisted of methanol, 0.02 mol/L phosphate buffer(adjusted by phosphoric acid to pH 3.0) and acetonitrile (65:35:10), the flow rate was 1.0 ml.min-1, the column temperature was 25 degrees C and the detection wavelength was 334 nm. The results of the pharmacokinetics study showed that the concentration-time curve of scutellarin was conformed to two-compartment model, the chief pharmacokinetic parameters were as follows: t1/2 alpha 1.29 +/- 0.53 min, t1/2 beta 10.40 +/- 1.97 min, Vc148.1 +/- 118.6 ml, and CL 57.5 +/- 31.7 ml.min-1.
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Animals , Female , Male , Rabbits , Apigenin , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Methods , Flavonoids , Blood , Pharmacokinetics , Glucuronates , Blood , Injections, IntravenousABSTRACT
Objective To observe curative and side effects of fluconazole in preventing and treating fungal infection in patients with acute leukemia.Methods 112 cases patients with acute leukemia were divided into two groups.Group A was prevented group (25 cases).These patients had fluconazole by oral administration with 100 mg/d for 7 days when the peripheral white blood cell were less than 2.0×109/L.Group B was treated group (87 cases).These patients had intravenous drip fluconazole with 200 mg/d if they reach the fungal infection diagnosis standard.To observe the characters of fungal infection in acute leukemia,the occurrence ratio of fungal infection in these two groups and the side effects of fluconazole.Results The occurrence ratio of fungal infection in Group A and B had obvious difference.(χ2=4.21,P<0.05);Patients with acute leukemia were easily infected by fungal in gastrointestinal,respiratory and urinary systems.There is no sereve side effect observed in using fluconazole.Conclusion:Taking fluconazole by oral administration can safely and effectively prevent fungal infection in patients with acute leukemia.
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OBJECTIVE:To establish an assay method for Sustained-release palmatine tablet in beagle dog. METHODS:Sample separation was performed on Diamonsil ODS C18 column(250 mm?4.6 mm,5 ?m) with mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-water (1∶1,containing NaH2PO4 3.4 g and SDS 1.7 g in every 1 000 mL water,pH was adjusted to 3 by H3PO4) with a flow rate of 1.0 mL?min-1.The column was kept at 35 ℃ and the detective wavelength was set at 342 nm.RESULTS:The linear serum concentration range was 0.005～0.5 ?g?mL-1(r=0.999 9) and the recovery rate was(102.22?2.48)%. CONCLUSION:The method was proved to be simple,accurate,sensitive and reproducible,and it was up to the standards for the study of pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of Sustained-release palmatine tablet in beagle dog.