Effect of the course of treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics on intestinal flora and short-chain fatty acids in feces of very low birth weight infants: a prospective study / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To study the effect of the course of treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics on intestinal flora and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in feces of very low birth weight (VLBW) infants.@*METHODS@#A total of 29 VLBW infants who were admitted to the Neonatal Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Children's Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University from June to December 2020 were enrolled as subjects for this prospective study. According to the course of treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics, they were divided into two groups: ≤7 days (@*RESULTS@#There was a significant reduction in Chao index of the intestinal flora in the ≤7 days group and the >7 days group from week 2 to week 4 (@*CONCLUSIONS@#The course of treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics can affect the abundance, colonization, and evolution of intestinal flora and the content of their metabolites SCFAs in VLBW infants. The indication and treatment course for broad-spectrum antibiotics should be strictly controlled in clinical practice.

Drinking water and toilet sanitation of rural schools in Anhui during 2014-2018 / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To understand current status of drinking water and toilet sanitation in rural schools of Anhui Province, and to provide basic knowledge for environmental sanitation improvement among rural schools in Anhui.@*Methods@#One primary school and one secondary school from each of the 5 villages from 24 counties in Anhui were selected during 2014-2018. Data was collected through information review, on-site inspections and interviews.@*Results@#School water supply methods were mainly based on local water supply from villages and towns, the rate was 58.16%, 58.95%, 65.07%, 62.78%, 67.69% from 2014 to 2018, respectively. Self-supplied water in some schools was initially untreated. The proportion of schools with sanitary toilets was 66.39%, 74.88%，76.26%，82.30%，94.20% during 2014 to 2018, respectively. The proportion of schools with toilets in the teaching building is lower than 30%. Proportions of schools with squatting toilets for girls was highest in 2017 (62.78%). The number of schools with no water faucets and no soap decreased by year, the lowest of 4.02% and 56.70% in 2018.@*Conclusion@#During the past five years, improvement has been observed in drinking water supply in rural schools in Anhui Province, however, the construction of toilets and surrounding environmental facilities still needs to be strengthened. The number of female toilet squats and the number of toilets in the teaching building and in the dormitory are relatively insufficient. While increasing the scale of toilet construction, it is also necessary to strengthen the quality of toilet management, and should pay attention to the relevant health education to teachers and students.

Recent progress in the diagnosis of neonatal septicemia / 中国当代儿科杂志

Neonatal septicemia is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide during the neonatal period. It can be classified into two subtypes: early-onset sepsis (EOS) and late-onset sepsis (LOS) depending upon the time of onset. In the western developed countries, group B Streptococcal and Escherichia coli are leading pathogens for EOS, while the most frequent microorganism involved in LOS is coagulase negative Staphylococci, which are different from the domestic data. Clinical manifestations of neonatal septicemia are not specific, so that it is often misdiagnosed. This review describes the progress in diagnostic methods for neonatal septicemia, including blood culture, blood cell counts, cytokine profiles and umbilical cord blood examinations. It provides useful information for early diagnosis and treatment of neonatal septicemia.

Emergency reconstruction of the complex dorsal digital defect using the composite flap with extensor tendon graft from the second toe / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To report emergency reconstruction of the complex dorsal digital defect using the composite flap with extensor tendon graft from the second toe.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From February 2001 to March 2010, 6 fingers in 6 patients with complex dorsal digital defects were repaired using the composite flap. The defect of the extensor tendon was also repaired with the extensor tendon graft harvested from the second toe.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All the flaps survived completely with primary healing. The patients were followed up for 5 to 10 years. The flaps had a good match in skin color and texture. Both the esthetic and functional results were satisfactory either in recipient or in donor sites.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The emergency reconstruction of the complex dorsal digital defect using the composite flap with extensor tendon graft is an effective way to repair the skin defect and extensor tendon defect simultaneously with good long-term results.</p>

Repairing finger's penetrating soft tissue defects with "dumbbell" fascial metacarpal flap pedicled with skin perforator of dorsal metacarpal artery / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To assess the effect of "dumbbell" fascial metacarpal flap pedicled with skin perforator of dorsal metacarpal artery in treating the finger's penetrating soft tissue defect.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From February 2006 to August 2009, according to the courses, branches and distributions of the dorsal metacarpal artery, a "dumbbell" fascial metacarpal flap was designed and transposed to cover the penetrating soft tissue defects in 9 fingers.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All of 9 flaps survived and got primary healing. The shape and function of the fingers were satisfied after 1-18 months period of follow-up.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The "dumbbell" fascial metacarpal flap pedicled with skin perforator of dorsal metacarpal artery is an ideal donor site for repairing the finger's penetrating soft tissue defect.</p>