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Purpose To investigate the expression of RNF2 in breast disease tissues and cell lines,and to analyze the association between expression of RNF2 and clinicopathological characteristics in breast carcinoma.Methods Expression of RNF2 protein and mRNA levels was detected using immunohistochemistry of EnVision two-step and qRT-PCR in breast carcinoma and benign breast disease as well as in cell lines.Results RNF2 expression was sigmificantly higher in breast carcinoma tissue specimens compared with benign breast disease specimens (P ＜0.05).Besides,the expression of RNF2 protein was significantly associated to tumor size,lymph node status and TNM stage (P ＜ 0.05 for both),but was not related to age,histological grade,the expression of ER,PR and HER-2 (P ＞ 0.05 for both).Higher expression of RNF2 mRNA was detected in breast carcinoma cell lines compared with breast epithelial cell lines (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion RNF2 is overexpressed in breast carcinoma and can be a potential therapeutic target for breast carcinoma.
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Purpose To explore the biological significance of BCL-6 and ZEB2 in invasion,metastasis and prognosis of breast cancer.Methods The expressions of BCL-6,ZEB2 protein and mRNA were detected respectively in 228 cases of breast cancer and 80 cases of breast benign lesions by immunohistochemical SP two-step staining and situ hybridization.Result The expression levels of BCL-6,ZEB2 protein and mRNA in breast cancer tissues were significantly higher than in breast benign lesions (P ＜ 0.05).The expressions of BCL-6 was positively correlated with tumor size,lymphatic metastasis,histological grade,TNM staging and HER-2 expression (P ＜ 0.05).The expressions of ZEB2 was positively correlated with tumor size,lymphatic metastasis,TNM staging and HER-2 expression (P ＜ 0.05).The overall survival and relapse-free survival of BCL-6 and ZEB2 positive expression were significantly less than the negative expression (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion The BCL-6 and ZEB2 are closely correlated with the evolution process of breast cancer,which may become important means for monitoring and warning the metastasis,invasion,and prognosis of breast cancer.
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To investigate the expression of CMaf inducing protein(CMIP) in human laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma and polyps tissues,and to analyze their association with clinicopathological parameters and survival of patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.Methods Real-time PCR assay was used to detect the expression of CMIP mRNA in 28 cases of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma and 23 cases of polyp fresh tissue specimen.Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the expression of CMIP in 86 cases of formalin-fixed and parrffin-embedded laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma and 29 cases of polyp tissue specimens.The clinicopathological and prognostic significance of CMIP expression was investigated in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.Results The expression of CMIP mRNA and protein was both significantly increased in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma compared with polyp tissue specimens.The expression of CMIP was significantly associated with tumor lymph node metastasis and late clinical stage of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.Furthermore,the expression of CMIP was significantly correlated with poor relapse-free survival and overall survival in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.Conclusion CMIP might play an important role in the development and progression of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma and increased expression of CMIP might imply disease progression and poor outcome in patient with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.
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Purpose To explore the expression of two epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) regulators,Sry-related high mobility group box 4 (SOX4) and enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2),in breast cancer tissues and their clinicopathologic significances.Methods The expression of SOX4 and EZH2 was detected by immunohistochemistry of EnVision twostep in paraffin-embedded tissue sections from 241 cases of breast cancer and 126 cases of paracancerous breast tissues.The relationship between their expression and clinicopathologic characteristics was statistically analyzed,and their correlation was also analyzed.Results In breast cancer tissues and paracancerous breast tissues,the high expression rates of SOX4 were 82.2％ and 57.1％ respectively,while the high expression rates of EZH2 were 80.1％ and 47.6％ respectively.Their expression in breast cancer tissues was higher than that in paracancerous breast tissues (P ＜ 0.05).High SOX4 expression was correlated with lymph node metastasis,high TNM stage,and overexpression of HER-2 (P ＜ 0.05),while high EZH2 expression was correlated with high histological grade,lymph node metastasis,ER negativity,EGFR positivity and high poliferation index of Ki67 (P ＜ 0.05).There was a positive correlation between SOX4 and EZH2 expression in breast cancer tissues (rs =0.256,P ＜0.001).Conclusion EMT regulators SOX4 and EZH2 might be responsible for the metastasis of breast cancer,which are upregulated in breast cancer tissues.They may act as potential biomarkers to predict the metastasis of breast cancer.
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Purpose To explore the change of autophagy after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NCT) and its relationship with XIAP expression in breast cancer tissues.Method The expression of p62 and XIAP was detected by immunohistochemistry of EnVision two-step in 94 cases of breast carcinoma before and after NCT.The changes of p62 and XIAP expression after NCT were observed and their correlation was also analyzed.Results High expression rate of p62 and XIAP was 51.1％ (48/94)and 84.0％ (79/94) respectively in breast cancer tissues before NCT.The high expression rate of p62 was increased to 81.9％ (77/94) and that of XIAP was reduced to 35.1％ (33/94) in breast cancer tissues after NCT.The high expression rate of p62 was significantly increased while that of XIAP was significantly decreased after NCT (P both ＜ 0.05).The sample rate of increased expression of p62 and decreased expression of XIAP was 73.4％ and 75.5％ after NCT respectively.Furthermore,the change of p62 expression was significantly negatively correlated with the change of XIAP (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Suppression of XIAP and increased autophagic activity coexist in breast cancer after NCT,and XIAP may be involved in the negative regulation of enhanced autophagy.
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Purpose To investigate the relevance between the expression of miR-339-5p and the clinicopathological characteristics in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Methods The level of miR-339-5p expression was detected in 123 cases of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma tissues and 20 cases of reactive lymphoid hyperplasia tissues by chromogenic in situ hybridization ( CISH) technique. The expression of Ki-67 and BCL-6 protein was examined in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma tissues by immunohistochemical technique (IHC) (EnVision two-steps), and the correlation between the expression of miR-339-5p and BCL-6 and the clinicopathological param-eters was also analyzed. Results The positive rates of miR-339-5p were 39. 8% (49/123) in DLBCL tissues, which was significantly lower than that in RH tissues (90%, 18/20). The positive rates of miR-339-5p were 31. 0% (22/71) for germinal center B-cell-like (ABC type) DLBCL, which was significantly lower than that in activated B-cell-like (GCB type) DLBCL (27/52, 51. 9%). The low-er expression of miR-339-5p in DLBCL was correlated with late Ann Arbor staging and high-risk group of international prognostic index (P<0. 05). The survival rates of miR-339-5p negative patients of ABC type and GCB type of DLBCL were significantly lower than that of the positive patients (P<0. 01). The levels of miR-339-5p expression in DLBCL were negatively correlated with the levels of BCL-6 expression in DLBCL (P<0. 01). Conclusion The low expression of miR-339-5p might be relatived with the progression and poor prognosis of DLBCL.
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Purpose To investigate the expression of miR-134 in breast carcinoma and its c1inica1 significance,and to ana1yze the as-sociation between its expression with bio-markers of epithe1ia1-mesenchyma1 transition( EMT). Methods The expression of miR-134 in 97 breast cancer samp1es was detected by in situ hybridization and the expression of E-cadherin,N-cadherin,and vimentin was de-tected by MaxVision two-step method of immunohistochemistry,to ana1yze the re1ationship between their expression and c1inicopatho1og-ica1 characteristics. Results The expression of miR-134 in breast cancer was negative1y associated with higher histo1ogica1 grade, HER-2 overexpression,1ow expression of E-cadherin as we11 as high expression of N-cadherin and vimentin. Both 1ow-expression of E-cadherin and up-expression of N-cadherin and vimentin in breast cancer were positive1y corre1ated with higher histo1ogica1 grade,1ymph node invo1vement and HER-2 overexpression,whi1e negative1y associated with the expression of ER and PR. Conclusion The expres-sion of miR-134 in breast cancer tissue is negative1y re1ated to both the ma1ignant progression and EMT,indicating that it might be a potentia1 bio-marker for breast cancer.
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Purpose To investigate the expression and clinical significance of the cell cycle inhibitors p16 protein and specific recogni-tion of viral replication intermediate TLR3 in the cervical intraepithelial neoplasia ( CIN) and cervical invasive carcinoma. Methods Immunohistochemical stain was used to detect the expressions of p16 and TLR3 in 19 cases of normal cervical epithelium ( NCE) , 62 cases of CIN, and 17 cases of cervical squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Results The positive rates of p16 protein were 0, 72. 5%and 100% in NCE, CIN and SCC respectively in which the difference among those groups were statistically significant ( P<0. 01 ) . Similarly, the positive rates of TLR3 protein were 26. 3%, 87% and 100% in NCE, CIN and SCC respectively and the difference a-mong those groups was significant (P<0. 01). Furthermore, there was a significant and positive correlation between the expression of p16 and TLR3 (rs =0. 538, P<0. 01). Conclusion Increased expression is observed in CIN and SCC compared with NCE and the expression of p16 and TLR3 is associated with level of CIN. Those could provide certain experiment basis for the pathologica diagnosis of early cervical cancer.
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Purpose To screen out miRNA expression profile related to HER-2 via observing the differential expression of miRNA ex-pression of human breast cancer cells MCF-7 and MCF-7/HER-2. Methods After cultivating human breast cancer cells MCF-7 and MCF-7/HER-2, the expression profile of miRNAs was detected by miRNA microarrays. Results Compared to MCF-7 cells, two hundreds and seventeen HER-2 related miRNAs were identified from breast cancer MCF-7/HER-2 cells, including 123 up-regulated and 94 down-regulated miRNAs. Of significant differentialy expressed miRNAs, hsa-miR-141 and hsa-miR-1299’s target genes have multiple biological functions. Conclusion The differentially expressed miRNAs under different lever of HER-2 in human breast cancer MCF-7 cells were obtained, which may provide a basis for studying HER-2 functions and roles in breast cancer.
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Objective To investigate the expression of FSCN1 mRNA in breast carcinoma and benign breast diseases and its relationship to clinicopathological characteristics of breast cancer. Methods Sixty-three cases of breast cancer and thirty cases of benign breast diseases were analyzed by in situ hybridization. Results The expression rates of FSCN1 mRNA in breast cancer tissue and benign breast lesions were 65.1% and 90.0% , respectively (P < 0.05). No relation was found between the expression of FSCN1 mRNA and histopathologic grading, ER, PR, karyokinesis figure, patients′ age, tumor size, lymph node metastasis, TNM stage and c-erbB-2 expression in breast cancer. Survival rates of breast cancer patients with carcinoma expressing FSCN1 mRNA were 92.3% , while those patients with tumors which was negative for FSCN1 mRNA were 82.2%, but there was no significance difference. A significant correlation was observed between FSCN1 mRNA and its protein expression (rs = 0.315, P < 0.05). Conclusion FSCN1 is downregulated in breast carcinoma which may be associated with breast carcinogenesis.
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Purpose To detect the expression profile of microRNAs ( miRNAs) in human breast cancer cells BT474 and BT474/ siR-NA HER-2, and to screen out miRNA expression profile related to HER-2. Methods RNA interference was used to inhibit HER-2 expression in human breast cancer line BT474. The expression profile of miRNAs was detected by miRNA microarray technique. Re-sults According to discrepancy power >2. 0 and P value<0. 05, there were 338 miRNAs related to HER-2, including 110 up-regu-lated and 228 down-regulated miRNAs. Conclusion miRNA microarrays can detect the differentially expressed miRNAs in human breast cancer BT474 cells with different level of HER-2. The miRNAs related to HER-2 which play a role in breast cancer should be found after further analysis.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the expression of fascin-1 protein in breast cancer and to evaluate its correlation with clinicopathologic features of the tumor.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Immunohistochemical EnVision method was performed to evaluate the expression of fascin-1 in 23 cases of normal breast tissues, 69 cases of benign breast lesions, 58 cases of usual ductal hyperplasia (UDH), 61 cases of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and 221 cases of breast cancer from March 2007 to December 2011.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Fascin-1 protein expression rates in normal breast tissues, benign breast lesions, UDH, DCIS and breast cancer were 100.0% (23/23), 89.9% (62/69), 13.8% (8/58), 19.7% (12/61), and 42.1% (93/221), respectively. Fascin-1 expression in normal breast tissues and benign breast lesions was significantly higher than those in UDH, DCIS and breast cancer (P < 0.01); Fascin-1 expression in breast cancer was significantly higher than those in UDH and DCIS (P < 0.01). There was a tendency of increased fascin-1 expression in DCIS compared to UDH, but the difference was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). Fascin-1 positive rates in patients with DCIS grade III (26.8%, 11/41) was significantly higher than that in patients with DCIS grade I-II (1/20, P < 0.05). Fascin-1 protein expression in breast cancer increased with increasing histologic grade and clinical stage (P < 0.01). Fascin-1 protein expression was also significantly higher in tumors with negative estrogen receptor (ER) and progestone receptor (PR) status and > 3 axillary lymph node metastases compared to tumors that were ER and PR positive and ≤ 3 axillary lymph node metastases (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05, respectively). Logistic regression analysis showed that fascin-1 expression correlated positively with high clinical stage (OR = 1.568, 95% CI = 1.029-2.387, P < 0.05) , but negatively with ER expression (OR = 0.149, 95% CI = 0.079-0.281, P < 0.01) .</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Fascin-1 is highly expressed in normal breast tissues and benign breast lesions, suggesting that it may be a biological marker of mature mammary ductal epithelium. Fascin-1 protein expression shows a significantly increasing trend from UDH, DCIS to invasive breast cancer, suggesting that fascin-1 plays an important role in breast carcinogenesis and may be a potential target for therapy.</p>
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Axilla , Breast , Metabolism , Pathology , Breast Neoplasms , Metabolism , Pathology , Carcinoma in Situ , Metabolism , Pathology , Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast , Metabolism , Pathology , Carrier Proteins , Metabolism , Estrogen Receptor alpha , Metabolism , Hyperplasia , Metabolism , Lymph Nodes , Metabolism , Lymphatic Metastasis , Microfilament Proteins , Metabolism , Receptors, Estrogen , MetabolismABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the expression of COX-2,MMP-2 and TIMP-2 ,the pathological fea-tures ,and their relationship in breast cancer. Methods The expressions of COX-2 ,MMP-2 and TIMP-2 were deter-mined by S-P immunohistochemical method on tissue chips,which containing 127 cases of breast carcinoma. Results The positive rates of COX-2,MMP-2 and TIMP-2 protein were 81.1 (103/127)% ,96.9(123/127)% and 60.6 (77/127) % respectively;The expression of COX-2 was positively related to auxiliary lymph node metastasis and TNM staging (P<0.01 and P<0.05, respectively), and inversely related to PR expression (P<0.05). Further-more,the expression of COX-2 was positively correlated with MMP-2 (r=0. 290 ,P<0.01). Conclusions The ex-pression of COX-2 might be closely related to the invasion and metastasis of breast cancer and has a close relation-ship with MMP-2. The levels of MMP-2 might be partly regulated by COX-2.
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Objective To develop a kind of tissue microarray (TMA) for the teaching of pathological experiment. Methods A series of human normal tissues from heart, lung, liver, stomach, intestine, etc as well as their matched disease tissues were collected and made into TMA parraffin blocks by tissue chip instrument. After section, the slides were stained by hematoxylin-eosin staining and covered by the coverslips which were marked with serial columns and rows. Results All the specimens were arranged in good order on TMA paraffin block and the slides were stained clearly. And the location of each specimen was marked distinctively on TMA slides. Conclusions Compared with classical tissue slides, the TMA slides for the teaching of pathological experiment have many advantages such as good compare, easy memorizing, low expend and simple making. Take together, the TMA for teaching might have a good perspective for application in the future.
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Objective To investigate the morphological features of reproductive system of adult Schistosoma japonicum under an optical microscope.Methods Adult schistosomes were obtained from infected mice with cercariae shedding from Oncomelania snails.The adult worms fixed with 10% formalin,dehydrated,imbedded in paraffin,cut at 3 ?m thick,stained by HE staining and then observed under an optical microscope.Results The reproductive organs of adult Schistosoma japonicum such as testicle,ovary,fallopian tube,vitellarium,yolk duct and hystera were displayed distinctly and typically.Conclusions The morphological features of reproductive system of adult Schistosoma japonicum are distinct and typical by using routine pathological techniques preparing and HE staining,which establishes a morphological foundation for the morphological teaching of schistosomes and reproductive biology research.