Intranasal administration of low dosage recombinant human erythropoietin inhibits seizure in rats / 浙江大学学报·医学版

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of intranasal administration of low dosage recombinant human erythropoietin (r-HuEPO) on seizure in rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>After intranasal or intraperitoneal administration of r-HuEPO, the behavioral and electroencephalographic changes were observed in pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) and maximal electroshock (MES) induced seizure or electrical amygdaloid-kindled seizure of rats.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Intranasal administration of low dosage r-HuEPO increased the seizure latency, and decreased the seizure grade and duration, and the number of convulsive episodes in PTZ induced seizure, with the most potential dosage of 2.4 IU. Intraperitoneal administration of r-HuEPO (3 000, 4 000 IU/kg) only decreased the seizure duration and number of convulsive episodes. The seizure grade, forelimb or hindlimb extension duration were decreased in MES-induced seizure by intranasal administration of 2.4 IU r-HuEPO. In addition, intranasal administration of 2.4 IU r-HuEPO decreased the seizure grade, generalized seizure duration and afterdischarge in electrical amygdaloid-kindled rats stimulated with generalized seizure threshold.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Intranasal administration of low dosage r-HuEPO can inhibit the seizure in rats.</p>

Effect of l-tetrahydropalmatine on expression of adhesion molecules induced by lipopolysaccharides in human umbilical vein endothelium cell / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of l-tetrahydropalmatine (l-THP) on adhesion molecule expression induced by LPS in human umbilical vein endothelium cell (HUVEC).</p><p><b>METHOD</b>HUVEC were obtained from the human umbilical cord vein and treated by LPS or LPS plus different concentration of l-THP. Expression of ICAM-1 and E-selectin was assayed by flow cytometer.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>l-THP(250 mg x L(-1)) markedly attenuated ICAM-1 and E-selectin expression induced by LPS(P <0.05). l-THP(50 mg x L(-1) inhibited E-selectin expression (P < 0.05) but had no effect on ICAM-1 (P > 0.05). l-THP (10 mg x L(-1)) had no effect on expression of both adhesion molecules. DXM (50 mg x L(-1)) completely inhibited both responses induced by LPS (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>l-THP depresses expression of ICAM-1 and E-selectin induced by LPS, which suggests that I-THP represent a promising candidate to be developed into therapies for the treatment of inflammation.</p>

Reversing effect of histamine on neuron death induced by N-methyl-D-aspartate / 浙江大学学报·医学版

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To determine the effect of histamine on N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) induced neuron death and to elucidate its mechanism.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The primary cortical cell culture was adopted. Neuron morphology and MTT assay were used to evaluate the drugs effects.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Histamine at doses of 10(-4) 10(-6) 10(-7) 10(-8) mol/L reversed the neuron death induced by NMDA (50 micromol/L) for 3 h. The protection of histamine peaked at doses of 10(-4) mol/L and 10(-7)mol/L. The effect of histamine of 10(-7) mol/L was reversed only by cimetidine an H(2)receptor antagonist. However, the effect of histamine of 10(-4) mol/L was reversed only by pyrilamine but not cimetidine.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Histamine could reduce neuron death induced by NMDA; its protection at a low dose might be mediated by H(2)receptor, and at a high dose by H(1)receptor.</p>

Effects of L-tetrahydropalmatine on concentrations of neurotransmitter amino acids in mice with cerebral ischemia / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effects of L-tetrahydropalmatine (L-THP) on concentrations of neurotransmitter amino acids in mice with cerebral ischemia and to discuss the mechanisms of L-THP in tyreating cerebral ischemia.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Mice were randomly divided into six groups: control group, cerebral ischemia group, L-THP treated group (doses were 14, 28, 56 mg x kg(-1) respectively) and Ginkgo biloba extract treated group. Concentrations of Glu and GABA were determined by HPLC.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Compared with control group, Glu and GABA in mice with cerebral ischemia were much higher. The ratio of Glu/GABA increased significantly. L-THP markedly reduced the concentrations of Glu and the ratio of Glu/GABA in mice with cerebral ischemia.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Decrease in Glu concertration and ratio of Glu/GABA may be one of the mechanisms of L-THP in treating cerebral ischemia.</p>

Role of phospholipase D in priming of rat peripheral leukocytes by lipopolysaccharide and antigen / 浙江大学学报·医学版

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate whether or not lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and ovalbumin (OA) prime rat peripheral leukocytes, the effect of sensitization on priming and the role of phospholipase D in priming.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The peripheral leukocytes were separated and purified from sensitized or unsensitized rats. LPS or OA was used as a priming agent and formylmethionylphenylalanine (fMLP) as an activating agent. Degradation of leukocyte was determined by measurement of elastase release and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity. Phospholipase D (PLD) activity was assayed by the generation of choline,which was measured by choline-oxidase-catalyzed formation of H(2)O(2) and Trinder reaction.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Compared with cells treated by fMLP alone,leukocytes from unsensitized rat challenged with fMLP after incubated with LPS released more elastase and MPO (P<0.05). But there was no significant difference between leukocytes challenged with fMLP after incubated with OA and fMLP treated alone. In sensitized rat,there was no difference between leukocytes challenged with fMLP after incubated with LPS and fMLP treated alone. But leukocytes challenged with fMLP after incubated with OA released significantly more elastase and MPO than fMLP treated alone (P<0.05). A significant correlation was obtained between the release of elastase and PLD activity (r(s)=0.51,P<0.01), and also between the release of MPO and PLD activity (r(s)=0.73,P<0.01) in unsensitized rat. In sensitized rat, it was 0.48 (P<0.01) and 0.37 (P<0.05) respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>(1) LPS primes peripheral leukocytes from unsensitized rats; (2) OA primes peripheral leukocytes from actively sensitized rats; (3) PLD plays a role in priming of rat peripheral leukocytes.</p>