Not only baseline but cumulative exposure of remnant cholesterol predicts the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a cohort study

BACKGROUND AND AIM@#Remnant cholesterol (remnant-C) mediates the progression of major adverse cardiovascular events. It is unclear whether remnant-C, and particularly cumulative exposure to remnant-C, is associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This study aimed to explore whether remnant-C, not only baseline but cumulative exposure, can be used to independently evaluate the risk of NAFLD.@*METHODS@#This study included 1 cohort totaling 21,958 subjects without NAFLD at baseline who underwent at least 2 repeated health checkups and 1 sub-cohort totaling 2,649 subjects restricted to those individuals with at least 4 examinations and no history of NAFLD until Exam 3. Cumulative remnant-C was calculated as a timeweighted model for each examination multiplied by the time between the 2 examinations divided the whole duration. Cox regression models were performed to estimate the association between baseline and cumulative exposure to remnant-C and incident NAFLD.@*RESULTS@#After multivariable adjustment, compared with the quintile 1 of baseline remnant-C, individuals with higher quintiles demonstrated significantly higher risks for NAFLD (hazard ratio [HR] 1.48, 95%CI 1.31-1.67 for quintile 2; HR 2.07, 95%CI 1.85-2.33 for quintile 3; HR 2.55, 95%CI 2.27-2.88 for quintile 4). Similarly, high cumulative remnant-C quintiles were significantly associated with higher risks for NAFLD (HR 3.43, 95%CI 1.95-6.05 for quintile 2; HR 4.25, 95%CI 2.44-7.40 for quintile 3; HR 6.29, 95%CI 3.59-10.99 for quintile 4), compared with the quintile 1.@*CONCLUSION@#Elevated levels of baseline and cumulative remnant-C were independently associated with incident NAFLD. Monitoring immediate levels and longitudinal trends of remnant-C may need to be emphasized in adults as part of NAFLD prevention strategy.

Correlation between cerebrovascular hemodynamic index accumulative score and subclinical arteriosclerosis indicators / 中南大学学报(医学版)

Objective:To explore the correlation between cerebrovascular hemodynamic index (CVHI) accumulative score and subclinical arteriosclerosis indicators.Methods:A total of 27 184 cases were collected from the Health Management Center,the Third Xiangya Hospital,Central South University.Linear regression analysis was carried out to confirm the correlations between CVHI accumulative score and the modified Framingham stroke profile (FSP),as well as between CVHI accumulative score and cerebrovascular diseases (ICVD) scale.The correlation between CVHI accumulative score and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV),carotid plaque orcarotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) was analyzed by multifactor logistic regression model in 11 580 cases.Moreover,the correlation between CVHI accumulative score and microalbuminuria or serum cystatin C was performed by multifactor logistic regression model in 9 860 cases.Results:In this study,the people whose CVHI accumulative score was less than 75 accounted for 12.98％.The CVHI accumulative score was negatively related with the modified FSP score (r=-0.484,P＜0.01) or ICVD score (r=-0.455,P＜0.01).The multifactor logistic regression model found that the baPWV,carotid plaque,microalbuminuria and serum cystatin C were independent predictors for CVHI accumulative score.Conclusion:The CVHI accumulative score is correlated with the modified FSP score,ICVD score and indexes of subclinical arteriosclerosis (baPWV,carotid plaque,microalbuminuria and serum cystatin C).The CVHI accumulative score could be used as a tool for zero-level and primary prevention of cerebral stroke.

Association of ApoAI gene rs12721026 polymorphism with cerebral hemorrhage in Changsha Han population and its effect on plasma lipid levels / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the association between apolipoprotein AI (ApoAI) gene rs12721026 polymorphism and cerebral hemorrhage (CH) in Changsha Han population, and to evaluate the effect of rs12721026 polymorphism on plasma lipid levels.@*METHODS@#A total of 273 patients with CH and 140 healthy controls were collected. The rs12721026 polymorphism of ApoAI was analyzed by SNaPshot genotyping analysis and DNA sequencing. The total cholesterol (TG), triglyceride (TC), HDL-C and LDL-C were examined by oxidase method.@*RESULTS@#There was no significant difference in the genotype and allele frequencies of rs12721026 polymorphism between the CH group and the control group (P>0.05). Both in the CH group and in the control group, the level of HDL-C of the TT gene type of rs12721026 was significantly higher than that of the GT/GG gene type (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the levels of TG, TC and LDL-C among different subgroups of gene types.@*CONCLUSION@#There may be no association between apoAI gene rs12721026 polymorphism with CH in Changsha Han population, which may still influence the HDL-C levels.

Relationship between T704C polymorphism of angiotensinogen gene and cerebral hemorrhage in Han people in Changsha / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the relationship between T704C polymorphism of angiotensinogen (AGT) gene and cerebral hemorrhage and its impact on the levels of blood pressure in Han people in Changsha.@*METHODS@#A total of 273 cerebral hemorrhage patients (the cerebral hemorrhage group) and 140 normal controls (the control group) were collected from Jan. 2005 to Jan. 2009. DNA was extracted from their peripheral blood samples. The polymorphism of AGT-T704C was analyzed by SNaPshot and direct DNA sequencing. The possible risk factors of cerebral hemorrhage were investigated at the same time. Each group was divided into 2 subgroups (a high blood pressure subgroup and a normal blood pressure subgroup) according to whether they had essential hypertension. Logistic regression analysis was used to detect the relationship between cerebral hemorrhage and all its possible risk factors and AGT-T704C polymorphism.@*RESULTS@#The drinking history, coronary heart disease history, essential hypertension history, and blood levels of lipids were shown significant difference between the cerebral hemorrhage group and the control group (P0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#The polymorphism of AGT-T704C may not be associated with cerebral hemorrhage and not related to the levels of lipids and blood pressure in Han people in Changsha. Hypertension history, systolic blood pressure level, and high density lipoprotein cholesterol level are the main risk factors of cerebral hemorrhage in Han people in Changsha.

Association between polymorphism of rs3212855 and rs5515 of KLK1 gene with cerebral hemorrhage in Changsha Han population / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the association between single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) of KLK1 gene and cerebral hemorrhage in Changsha Han population.@*METHODS@#We enrolled 273 patients with cerebral hemorrhage and 140 normal people. The SNPs (including rs3212855 and rs5515) of KLK1 gene were analyzed by Snapshot method and direct sequencing.@*RESULTS@#We found rs5515 was not a polymorphic site in Changsha Han population. Genotype and allele frequency in rs3212855 were not different between patients with cerebral hemorrhage and the controls (P>0.05). The blood pressure level was not different between the genotype subgroups.@*CONCLUSION@#Neither rs5515 nor rs3212855 is associated with cerebral hemorrhage.

The study on the correlation of C1773T polymorphism of LDL receptor gene (LDLR) with cerebral hemorrhage and its impact on the levels of serum lipids in Chinese / 中国神经精神疾病杂志

Objective To investigate the relationship between C1773T polymorphism of LDL receptor gene (LDLR) and cerebral hemorrhage and the impact of C1773T polymorphism of LDLR on the levels of serum lipids in Chinese Han in Changsha, Hunan province. Methods Two hundred seventy-three cerebral hemorrhage patients and 140 normal controls were recruited in the present study. The C1773T polymorphism of LDLR was analyzed by SNaPshot and direct DNA sequencing. The triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) levels were examined using oxidase method. Results The CC, CT and TT genotype frequencies of LDLR polymorphism were 0.703/0.278/0.019、0.707/0.250/0.043 and the allele C and T frequencies of LDLR polymorphism in the cerebral hemorrhage group and the control group were 0.842/0.158,0.832/0.168 respectively. The differences in genotype and allele frequencies of LDLR polymorphism were no significant between cerebral hemorrhage group and the control group (P>0.05). There were no significant differences in the levels of lipids among the CC, CT and TT genotype in either cerebral hemorrhage group or the control group (P＞0.05). Conclusions The LDLR-C1773T polymorphism may not be associated with cerebral hemorrhage nor be related to hyperlipemia in Chinese Han in Changsha.