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Management of bone defects caused by fractures，bone tumors or infections is clinically difficult as well as a hot topic in current studies. With further researches over bone defects，the construction of tissue-engineered bone has played a great role in the treatment of bone defects. Blood vessels not only provide the necessary nutritional mineral salts，growth factors，hormones for bone formation，also are able to mediate the interaction among osteoblasts and osteoclasts，osteocytes，bone autonomic nerve and endothelial cells，since bone formation exist spatially and temporally connection with angiogenesis. Therefore，the authors make a systematic literature review on the research progress of the coupling mechanism of angiogenesis and osteogenic differentiation，blood vessels and related signal pathways on osteogenic differentiation and angiogenesis-related molecules in osteogenic differentiation during the process of traumatic bone defects，so as to provide new ideas for the treatment of bone defects.
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Objective To investigate effects of drugs on spermatogenesis following testicular ischemia-reperfusion in rats. Methods Healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats ( n = 32) were randomly divided into four groups, 8 rats in each group. Animals underwent unilateral testicular torsion followed by detorsion after 2 hours. Isotonic saline, pentoxifylline and verapamil were infused into tail vein 15 minutes before detorsion in torsion group, pentoxifylline group and verapamil group. At 24 hours after operation, testicular function was determined measuring germ cell apoptosis using the flow cytometry ( FCM) , and the levels of myeloperoxidase ( MPO) , superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) by spectrophotometry. Results Compared with torsion group, the number of apoptotic germ cell and the contents of MDA and MPO were markedly decreased in pentoxifylline group and verapamil group, but the number of haploid and the level of SOD were significantly increased (P
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To summarize the experience in applying acupunctural anesthesia (AA) with new combination principle (NCP) of acupoints in supratentorial craniocerebral operation of tumor in functional area or deep site of brain.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>With the acupoints selection of AA changed from the previous combination principle of near segmental and peri-operational region to the NCP of near-remote along corresponding meridian, craniotomy was carried out under AA in 23 patients.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Operation was performed successfully in all the patients, 82.6% of them with the effectiveness reaching I A grade. In those operated on the vital functional area, such as central anterior/posterior gyrus and language center, the accidental functional injury could be well prevented.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>AA with NCP of acupoints has satisfactory effect in supratentorial craniocerebral operation of functional area or deep site of brain, it is especially valuable in monitoring the effect of operation on function of around normal cerebral area to avoid accident injury.</p>
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Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Acupuncture Analgesia , Methods , Acupuncture Points , Electroacupuncture , Glioma , General Surgery , Supratentorial Neoplasms , General SurgeryABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the suitability of the biodegradable microsphere encapsulation of adenovirus as a targeting vector for gene therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma. Methods Encapsulate the recombinant adenovirus in PLG poly (lactic/glycolic) copolymer by the solution evaporation method, the release test and the bioactivity of viruses incorporated in vitro were studied. Results More than 19.3% of adenovirus was encapsulated in PLG microspheres. The release test shows that the adenovirus was released for more than 200 h, 50% were shed within the first 100 h, and their activity was retained. Conclusion Recombinant adenovirus can be formulated in a polymer preparation of PLG with retention of bioactivity. It may be a valuable vector for the gene therapy of liver cancer.
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Objective To investigate the reversal of the multidrug resistant gene mdr1 in vivo by antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (ASODN) on the basis of study in vitro. Methods The cultured drug-resistant human hepatocellular carcinoma cells were injected under the skin of axilla to establish the tumor model of nude mice. mdr1 ASODN accompanied by Lipofectamine were injected locally and ADM was injected intraperitoneally. Control 1 and control 2 were locally injected by Lipofectamine and normal saline separately, and ADM was also injected intraperitoneally. Results As time went on the tumor size increased and from the 5th day on alterations were marked, tumor size in different time phase showed marked difference to the prior time phase with significant difference (P 0.05). The results suggested that SODN and Lipofectamine showed no marked effect on tumor growth of nude mice and ASODN had marked inhibition effect on tumor growth.Conclusion mdr1 ASODN can also reverse multidrug resistance of drug-resistant human hepatocellular carcinoma cells in vivo. After the treatment the tumor’s growth in nude mice will slow down in a range of time.
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Objective To investigate the feasibility of laparoscopic cholecystectomy through the transumbilical approach.Methods The clinical data of 18 patients underwent endoscopic cholecystectomy through only one transumbilical incision at West China Hospital were retrospectively analyzed.Results All of the operations were successfully completed without conversion to routine laparoscopic surgery or open surgery.The operation time was 40-130(58?10)min.There was no intraoperative complication.The patients did well postoperatively and were discharged 1 day after operation.There was no postoperative complications and without visible abdominal scar on 1 month follow-up.Conclusions Laparoscopic cholecystectomy through the transumbilical approach is technically feasible and safe.But this technique is difficult,the patients should be selected carefully.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of magnesium sulfate on neuron apoptosis and the expressions of caspase-3, bax and bcl-2 after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirty-six gerbils were randomly divided into three groups: Sham-operation group (So, n = 12), ischemia-reperfusion group (I-R, n = 12) and magnesium sulfate group (Ms, n = 12). The neuron apoptosis was detected by the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP-fluorescence nick end labeling (TUNEL stain), and the protein expressions of caspase-3, bax and bcl-2 were detected by immunohistochemisty stain.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Apoptotic neurons and the expressions of caspase-3 and bax were significantly increased in I-R and Ms groups, compared with those in So group. Apoptotic neurons and the expressions of bax and caspase-3 in Ms group were significantly less than those in I-R group. There was no significant difference in the expression of bcl-2 among three groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Magnesium sulfate decreases neuron apoptosis after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury, which may be related with the suppressed expressions of caspase-3 and bax.</p>
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Animals , Apoptosis , Caspase 3 , Caspases , Cerebrovascular Disorders , Metabolism , Pathology , Gerbillinae , Magnesium Sulfate , Pharmacology , Neurons , Cell Biology , Proto-Oncogene Proteins , Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 , Random Allocation , Reperfusion Injury , Metabolism , Pathology , bcl-2-Associated X ProteinABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the effect of glucagon-like peptide-1(GLP-1) in a dose related manner on glucose metabolism after 65% hepatectomy in rats.Methods We determined the serum glucose levels of hepatomized rats at 0,5,10,20,and 30 minutes after an intravenous glucose load(IVGTT,0.5 g/kg glucose) on the first postoperative day,and the changes of blood glucose,serum insulin and glucagon concentrations of hepatomized rats that received the volum load with normal saline or 0.3 nmol/kg GLP-1,0.45 nmol/kg GLP-1 respectively.Blood was drawn for determination of glucose(glucose oxidase),insulin,glucagon,and GLP-1(radioimmunoassay).Results The peak glucose and 30-minute glucose levels and the area under the curve(AUC 0-30) were significantly higher in the hepatomized rats compared to the control rats,which had not undergone any operation and received a same intravenous glucose load(0.5 g/kg glucose with normal saline)(P0.05).Nevertheless the peak glucose and 30-minute glucose levels and AUC 0-30 of the hepatomized rats that received with 0.45 nmol/kg GLP-1 were significantly lower compared to the rats that received the same volum load with normal saline or 0.3 nmol/kg GLP-1 respectively after liver resection.There was an increasing postoperative serum concentration of glucose,insulin,glucagon on the first day,then,the serum glucose concentration was significantly lowered after infusion of GLP-1 in rats undergoing hepatectomy(P
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0.05).Conclusions After hepatectomy,in rats is associated with an obvious insulin resistance,mainly due to the level of serum insulin was obviously decreased(P
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Objective To explore the feasibility of recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) as a vector for the gene therapy of liver cancer. Methods The rAAV/enhance green fluorescein protein (EGFP) recombinant was prepared by the routine method of two plasmids cotransfection. Results The experiment showed that one 10cm plate could produce 107-108 infection unit recombinant by the method of two plasmids cotransfection, and the transduction of HepG2 cell was increased with the increase of infection dosage of rAAV. About 100 multiplicity of infection (MOI) AAV vector could make all the tumor cell light. Conclusion Liver cancer cell can be efficiently transduced by rAAV, and AAV vector may be a valuable vector for the gene therapy of liver cancer.
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Objective To investigate the mechanism of contralateral testicle spermatogenesis impairment following unilateral testicular torsion in rats.Methods Healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats(n=24) were randomly divided into 3 groups:group 1(sham-operation),2 and 3,each comprising 8 rats.Under surgical conditions,the left testes of the rats in groups 2 and 3 were rotated through clockwise 720? torsion,then detorsion after 12 h or 24 h,respectively.The contralateral testes were harvested after 1 month and the relative proportions of germ cells were measured by the flow cytometry(FCM).Anti-rat immunoglobulin G(IgG)antibodies against spermatozoa antigens were detected in contralateral testicular tissue by immunohistochemical method.Results In groups 1,2 and 3,the weight of contralateral testis was(1555.73?(72.34)),(1184.20?101.02) and(783.60?117.93)mg,respectively;the number of apoptotic cells was 53.25?8.61,1622.00?129.31 and 3401.25?179.75,respectively;the positive rates of antisperm antibodies were 0,0.55?0.02 and 0.69?0.03,respectively.There were significant differences in above parameters between groups(P
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Objective To investigate the effects of ulinastatin on renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) in rats and assess the possible mechanism. Methods Seventy-five male SD rats weighing 210-250 g were randomly divided into three groups with 25 animals in each group : (Ⅰ) control group received sham operation; (Ⅱ)renal I/R group and (Ⅲ) ulinastatin + I/R group. The animals were anesthetized with intraperitoneal ketamine 50 mg?kg-1 . Bilateral kidneys were exposed through midline incision and bilateral renal pedicles were occluded with atraumatic mini-clamp. The kidneys turned pale. In control group the kidneys were exposed but their pedicles were not clamped, while in ulinastatin group (Ⅲ) ulinastatin 12 500 u was given i. v. 30 min before ischemia and at the beginning of reperfusion. Blood samples and kidneys were obtained at 0, 2, 6, 12, 24 h of reperfusion for determination of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine (Cr) concentrations and the expression of heat shock protein 70 (HSP 70) and bcl-2 in kidney and for microscopic examination. Paller scoring system was used to evaluate the severity of histological changes ( the higher the score, the worse is the change) .Results BUN and serum Cr levels were significantly lower at 12 and 24 h of reperfusion in group Ⅲ than in group Ⅱ (P 0.05) . Conclusion Ulinastatin can reduce the risk of renal dysfunction and injury associated with renal I/ R. The protective effect of ulinastatin may be associated with the up-regulation of bcl-2 expression.
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Objective To investigate the effects of autologous blood transfusion on serum neopterin and IL-2 concentrations after radical gastrectomy. Methods Sixty ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients of both sexes (33 male, 27 female) aged 40-65 yrs weighing 51-70 kg undergoing radical gastrectomy for stomach cancer were randomly divided into 2 groups (n = 30 each):homologous blood transfusion group (H) and autologous blood transfusion group (A). The patients were premedicated with intramuscular diazepam 10 mg and atropine 0.5 mg. Anesthesia was induced with midazolam 0.1 mg?kg-1, fentanyl 5 ?g?kg-1, propofol 1 mg?kg-1 and vecuronium 0.12 mg? kg-1 and maintained with isoflurane inhalation (1 % -2 %) and intermittent i. v. boluses of fentanyl and vecuronium. In group H homologous blood 400 ml was infused during gastro-intestinal anastomosis. In group A 400 ml of blood was removed from radial artery after induction of anesthesia, before surgery. Blood volume was maintained by simultaneous infusion of succinylated gelatin 500 ml. The 400 ml autologous blood was infused also during gastrointestinal anastomosis. Venous blood samples were taken before operation (baseline) , at the end of operation and on the 5th postoperative day for determination of serum concentrations of neopterin and IL-2 (ELISA) Results The two groups were comparable with regard to sex (M/F ratio), age, body weight, duration of operation and total blood loss. The serum concentrations of neopterin and IL-2 were significantly decreased after operation compared to the baseline values before operation in group H (P