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Objective To investigate the relationship between the CD 8 +T cells results of clinical automatic analysis platform and the CD8lowT and CD8highT cell subsets.Methods A total of 1316 cases of lymphocyte and flow cytometry data were collected from the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University from December 2015 to September 2016 by cross-sectional study. There were 287 cases of malignant tumor , 389 cases of autoimmune disease , 320 healthy people and 320 cases of HIV infection , then to get automatic analysis platform returns result of CD 8+T cell.FlowJo software was used to analyze the CD8low T and CD8high T lymphocyte subsets in the patients , and the results were compared with the results of CD8 +T cells returned by the clinical automatic analysis platform .Results The results of clinical returns CD8 +T cells were consistent with the results of CD 8high T cells in patients with different diseases , and were not exactly the same as the results of CD8lowT cells, and the difference was as follows:the results of CD8low T cells in HIV-infected patients were significantly lower than those of healthy people (56.2 ±42.0, 68.8 ± 45.9, cells/μl P<0.001), which were different from the clinical results of CD 8 +T cells.The results of clinical report of CD8 +T cells were statistically correlated with CD8high T cells and CD8low T cells, and the correlation between CD8 +T cells and CD8highT were higher than that of CD8lowT cells.There was a positive correlation between CD8low T cell count and CD4 +T cell count ( r=0.204, P<0.001) .CD8low T was significantly higher in patients on antiviral treatment than that in untreated group (58.3 ±43.9, 42.9 ± 26.5, cells/μl, P<0.001).After treatment for more than 2 years, the CD8lowT cells in patients with CD4<500 cells/μl were significantly lower than those in patients with CD 4>500 cells/μl (50.1 ±47.0, 66.3 ±46.6, cells/μl, P<0.001).Conclusions The clinical report of CD8 +T cells was consistent with the results of CD8highT cells, and there was a great difference between the results of CD 8lowT cells and the results of CD8 +T cells.CD8low T cells were significantly reduced in HIV infected patients , and CD8low T cells could be effectively reconstructed by antiviral therapy .
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Objective To evaluate the clinical outcomes and prognosis of older human immunodeficiency virus (HIV )-infected patients under antiretroviral therapy (ART ) in China .Methods This study was carried out in a retrospective cohort of HIV-infected patients initiated ART between January 2004 and December 2012 at The First Affiliated Hospital ,China Medical University .The patients were enrolled and divided into two groups ,including <50 years group (young and middle-aged group) and≥50 years group (older group) .Immunological and virological responses and mortality were analyzed . Data were analyzed by t test ,chi-square test ,two-way analysis of variance and log-rank test .Results Totally 291 subjects were included ,among whom 97 subjects were older patients and 194 subjects were young and middle-aged patients .Male was predominate in both groups ,which accounted for 91 .8％ and 87 .6％ ,respectively .The CD4+ T lymphocyte count in the older group before treatment was (151 .9 ±96 .2) cells /μL ,which was significantly lower than that in the young and middle-aged group (183 .4 ± 93 . 5) cells/μL (t= 2 .657 , P=0 .009) .At month 12 of treatment ,the CD4+ T lymphocyte count in the older group was significantly lower than that in the young and middle-aged groups (t= 2 .120 , P=0 .035) ,while there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups at month 24 (t=1 .025 ,P=0 .299) .The percentage of CD4+ T lymphocyte count increasing to 500 cells/μL in the older and youth groups during follow-up were 11 .3％ and 16 .0％ ,respectively (χ2=1 .127 ,P =0 .376) .Log-rank analysis showed that the mean times of virus inhibition in older group and young and middle-aged group were 7 .9 (95％ CI:6 .8-8 .5) and 7 .6 (95％ CI:6 .5 -9 .3) ,respectively ,with no statistically significant difference (χ2 =0 .002 , P=0 .961) .Virological failure was reported in 4 patients (4 .1％ ) in older group and 11 patients (5 .7％ ) in young and middle-aged group . Chi-square test showed no statistically significant difference between the two groups (χ2 = 0 .15 , P= 0 .78) .During follow-up , 19 .6％ (19/97) in older group and 3 .6％ (7/194) in young and middle-aged group died .The former was significantly higher than the latter (χ2 = 21 .113 , P< 0 .01 ) .Conclusions Older patients show a poor immunologic response ,similar viral suppression and higher risk of mortality compared with young and middle-aged patients . Future research should be aimed at the feasible and specific strategy for early diagnosis and timely treatment for older patients to improve treatment efficacy and reduce mortality .
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Objective:To study the changes of NKG2C/NKG2A expressed on T cells in HIV chronically infected individuals and HAART-treatment AIDS patients and the relationship with disease progression of HIV. Methods: We collected peripheral blood from HIV chronically infected individuals,HAART-treatment AIDS patients and healthy human and used the flow cytometry by staining fluorescent antibody to detect the NKG2C/NKG2A receptors expressed on T cells. Results:NKG2C+,NKG2A+ and NKG2C+NKG2A-expressed on T cells in HIV chronically infected individuals were significantly higher than the healthy control group ( P=0. 025,P=0. 032,P=0. 029),while in HAART-treatment AIDS patients were significantly lower than that in HIV chronically infected individuals (P=0. 033,P=0. 037,P=0. 018),returned to the normal levels with no significant difference compared with the healthy control group. The absolute number of peripheral blood CD4+ T lymphocytes in HIV chronically infected individuals was negative correlation with T cells which expressing NKG2A+,NKG2C+NKG2A+ and NKG2C-NKG2A+( r=-0. 697,P<0. 000 1;r=-0. 463,P=0. 015;r=-0. 693,P<0. 000 1). What was more,the absolute number of peripheral blood CD4+ T lymphocytes had positive correlation with the ratio of NKG2C and NKG2A expressed on T cells receptor in HIV chronically infected individuals(r=0. 476,P=0. 012). Conclusion:Studying the expression of NKG2C and NKG2A receptors on T cell has great significance in HIV infected individuals, which may provide a scientific basis for clinical prognosis of HIV infection.
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Objective:To detect the expression of BTLA on Treg cells of HIV-infected patients and investigate the role of BTLA in HIV infection.Methods: Forty-four HIV-1-infected patients (twenty-four early HIV infection,fourteen chronic HIV-infected patients with CD4+ T counts> 200 cells/μl,AIDS patients with CD4+T counts<200 cells/μl) and nine healthy people served as normal controls were selected to detect the expression of BTLA on Treg cells by flow cytometry.The correlations between BTLA expression on Treg cells and disease progression or immune activation were studied.Results: There was a higher percentage of BTLA on Treg cells in chronic HIV patients and AIDS patients than that in early HIV infected patients(P<0.05,P<0.01),and the expression of BTLA on Treg cells in AIDS patients was higher than that in normal controls(P<0.05).The expression of BTLA on Treg cells was negatively correlated with CD4+T lymphocyte counts and positively correlated with viral load (P<0.001,P<0.01).The percentage of BTLA on Treg cells was positively correlated with CD4+CD38+T lymphocytes and CD4+HLA-DR+T lymphocytes(P<0.001,P<0.001).Conclusion: Increased BTLA expression on HIV-infected Treg cells is associated with disease progression,suggesting that it may accelerate disease progression by enhancing Treg cells inhibitory function and may provide intervention information for HIV infection in the future.
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Objective:To better understand the changes of the NKT like cells after HIV infection and HAART treatment.Methods: Peripheral blood from HIV-infected individuals, HAART-treatment AIDS patients and healthy controls were collected, the expression of CD57 and the proliferation ability of NKT like cells before and after HAART were analyzed by flow cytometry.Results:We found that the percentage of NKT like cells before HAART was significantly lower than the healthy controls ( P<0.01 ) , and recovered after HAART treatment ( P<0.05 );the aging of NKT like cells was significantly higher before HAART compared with health individuals (P<0.01),and recovered after HAART treatment(P<0.05)the proliferation was significantly lower in vitro before HAART compared with healthy controls,and partial recovered after HAART.Conclusion: After HAART treatment,the number of NKT like cells,CD57 expression and the proliferation ability of HIV infected patients were restored.
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Objective:To study the changes of the NKT like cells after HIV infected. Methods:We collected peripheral blood from 47 untreated HIV infected individuals and 31 healthy controls,and analyzed the expression of Annexin-V,Ki-67,HLA-DR and other surface molecules in NKT like cells by flow cytometry. Results:The NKT like cell percentage of untreated HIV infected group was (3. 03±1. 61)%,the NKT like cell percentage of normal control group was (8. 30±7. 42)%,the percentage of NKT like cells in HIV infected individuals was significantly lower than the healthy controls ( P<0. 05 );the NKT like cell HLA-DR expression of untreated HIV infected group and normal control group were (5. 40±4. 10)% and (0. 89±0. 83)%,the NKT like cell Annexin-V expression of untreated HIV infected group and normal control group were (30. 21±13. 15)% and (5. 40±8. 05)% ,and the activation and apoptosis of NKT like cells was significantly higher after HIV infection compared with health individuals (P<0. 001,P<0. 01),the degree of activation was negatively correlated with CD4 count (r=-0. 885 7,P<0. 05);and the NKT like cell Ki-67 expression of untreated HIV infected group and normal control group were (11. 15±4. 76)% and (27. 63±18. 31)%,the proliferation ability was significantly lower after HIV infection compared with healthy controls(P<0. 05). Conclusion:HIV infection can significantly reduce the number of NKT like cells and its ability to proliferate,and increase its ability to activation and apoptosis.
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Objective To explore neurocognitive characteristics of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients ,and to compare the efficacy of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART ) among patients with different cognitive functions .Methods Cognitive function was evaluated using the Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) Chinese version in 118 HIV-positive patients and 62 HIV-negative controls .Among 59 patients on HAART ,CD4 + T cell count and viral load were assessed at enrollment and one-year follow-up .The mean of measurement data was compared using t test ,and enumeration data was analyzed using chi-squared or Fisher exact test when appropriate .Univariate and multivariate analysis were examined using bivariate Logistic regression models .Results Compared with control group ,HIV-infected group was characterized by higher rate of neurocognitive impairment (46 .6% vs 12 .9% , t =20 .30 ,P0 .05) .The former group had lower CD4 + T cell counts both at enrollment ([286 ± 127]/μL vs [363 ± 160]/μL) and one-year follow-up ([334 ± 122]/μL vs [411 ± 152]/μL) than the latter group (t= - 2 .027 and - 2 .067 ,respectively ,both P 0 .05) .Multivariate analysis revealed that age (OR = 1 .044 ,95% CI :1 .008 - 1 .081 , P < 0 .05) and education time (OR = 0 .820 ,95% CI :0 .723 - 0 .930 , P < 0 .05 ) were independent predictors for neurocognitive impairment among HIV-infected patients . Conclusions Neurocognitive impairment is common among HIV-infected patients ,which is characterized by poor performance in multiple domains , and patients with neurocognitive impairment performed poorly in immune recovery .MoCA could be a useful screening tool of cognitive function in HIV-infected patients . Neurocognitive function has no relationship with pre- and post-treatment viral levels .
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ObjectiveTo screen mimetic HIV-1 neutralizing epitopes from plasma with high level neutralizing antibody,and to provide useful information for further study of the interaction between antigen and antibody.MethodsIn order to gain neutralizing antibody recognized mimotopes, we detected neutralizing antibodieslevelsof 11HIV-1infectedslowprogressorsbyPBMC-basedneutralization assays.High-titer HIV-neutralizing antibodies from plasma of SPs was used as the ligand for biopanning by phage-displayed random peptide library.Positive phage clones was evaluated by ELISA,sequenced,and analyzed for homology to HIV-1 env by local BLAST to deduce the neutralizing peptide.ResultsTwenty-two clones were obtained consistent with requirement through three rounds biopanning.After comparison analysis,twelve clones include C8 were obtained as mimotopes of neutralizing antibody,C40 located in gp41Ⅱ cluster with the highest titer by inhibition ratio may be as neutralizing epitope.Conclusion By the use of IgG antibodies from SPs to screen the phage random polypeptide library,one can acquire multiple phage mimetic peptides of HIV related antigen epitope.(Chin J Lab Med,2012,35:838-842 )
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Objective To study the alternations of regulatory T cells in early HIV infected patients and its association with disease progression.Methods Fifty-one untreated HIV infected patients were enrolled and divided into 3 groups according to their infection time and CD+4 T cell levels(30 early HIV infected patients,15 typical progressors,6 AIDS patients).Twenty normal controls were enrolled.There were no significant differences between the age and sex among four groups.Blood was drawn by venipuncture from each subject in EDTA tubes and the levels of CD+4 CD+25 Foxp3 + regulatory T cells were detected by FACSAria flow-cytometry.Spearman correlation was used to detect association between CD+4 CD+25 Foxp3 + regulatory T cells and the absolute CD+4 T cells,viral load and activation of T cells.Results The levels of CD+4 CD+25Foxp3+ regulatory T cells showed the tendency of increasing tendency from normal control to early HIV infected patients,asymptomatic HIV infected patients and AIDS patients.Early HIV infected patients was significantly lower than that in AIDS group [3.79(2.11 - 5.43) % vs 8.09(4.90 - 8.90) %,Z = - 2.29,P = 0.022].The levels of CD+4 CD+25 Foxp3 + Treg cells were associated with viral set point(r = 0.479,P =0.038) and inversely associated with CD+4 T cells(r = -0.455,P =0.011) and closely associated with HLA-DR expression on CD+3 T cells(r = 0.533,P = 0.002).Conclusions The ratio of CD+4 CD+25 Foxp3 +regulatory T cells of early HIV infected patients was significantly increased and associated with viral set point and CD+4 T cell counts,which indicate that alternation of regulatory T cell may be an important factor contributing to the disease progression in early HIV infection.
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Objective To investigate the level of B7-H1 and its counter-receptor PD-1 expression in mDC and different subsets of T lymphocytes in HIV infected individuals in China and to analyze the correlation between the level of B7-H1/PD-1 and disease progression, and to demonstrate that PD-1/PD-L1-dependent inhibition is operating in HIV infected patients.Methods Percentage of B7-H1 and PD-1 expression in mDC, CD+4 T cells and CD+8 T cells from thirty-six untreated HIV infected patients and 20 health controls were selected and detected by flow-cytometry, its correlations with CD+4 T cell absolute counts and plasma viral loads were analyzed.Results The percentage of B7-H1 expression in mDC, CD+4 T cells and CD+8 T cells (mean 15.21, mean 20.63, mean 13.5)were higher than that of health controls (all P<0.05).The percentage of PD-1 expression in CD+4 T cells and CD+8 T cells (mean 17.91, mean 19.21)were higher than that of health controls (P<0.05, P<0.05). The level of B7-H1 and PD-1 expression were inversely correlated with CD+4 T-cell counts(mDC+B7-H1+:r=-0.647, P<0.01;CD+4B7-H1+:r=-0.489, P=0.002;CD+8B7-H1+:r=-0.372, P=0.026;CD+4PD-1+:r=-0.374, P=0.025;CD+8PD-1+:r=-0.455, P=0.005) and positively correlated with HIV viral load(mDC+B7-H1+:r=0.662, P<0.01;CD+4B7-H1+: r=0.426, P=0.01;CD+8B7-H1+:r=0.531, P=0.001;CD+4PD-1+:r=0.362, P=0.03;CD+8PD-1+:r=0.380, P=0.022).Conclusion The level of B7-H1 and PD-1 expression was associated with HIV disease progression, which provides a useful marker to define disease progression of HIV infection.
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Objective To study the B lymphocytes counts and the expression of TLR9 mRNA on B lymphocytes in peripheral blood from Chinese HIV-infected patients.Methods The cells from peripheral blood were stained with antibodies labeled with fluorescence and B lymphocytes were counted with flow cytometry.Using the method of magnetic activated cell sorting and real-time PCR,the expression of TLR9 mRNA was measured.Results The B lymphocytes counts in HIV/AIDS patients was significantly lower than that of healthy controls(P ＜0.01).The B lymphocytes counts in HIV/AIDS patients positively correlated with the CD4 +T cells counts(r =0.534,P = 0.006).The expression of TLR9 mRNA on B lymphocytes in HIV/AIDS patients was significantly lower than that of healthy controls(P =0.023),and positively correlated with the CD4 + T cells counts(r = 0.390,P = 0.040).Conclusion The B lymphocytes counts and the expression of TLR9 mRNA on B lymphocytes in Chinese HIV/AIDS patients were decreased due to HIV infection,which may correlate with disease progression.
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Objective To detect the alternation of the level of CTLA-4 expression in T cells and regulatory T cells, and to study the relationship between CTLA-4 expression in T cells and regulatory T cells and disease progression of HIV infected Chinese. Methods Fifty-eight untreated HIV-1 infected patients were enrolled and the level of CTLA-4 expression in T cells and regulatory T cells were detected by flowcytometry. CD4+T cell numbers, viral load, level of CD95, HLA-DR, CD38 expression on T cells were measured to study the relationship between the level of CTLA-4 expression and disease progression of HIV infected patients. Results We found that the level of CTLA-4 expression in CD4+T cells continuously increased in long term nonprogressors (LTNP), asymptomatic HIV infected patients (HIV) and AIDS patients (P<0.05). The level of CTLA-4 expression in CD4+T cells was significantly correlated with CD4+T cell counts, the frequency of CD8+ CD38+T cells, CD4+CD95+T cells and CD8+CD95+T cells (P<0.05). There had no difference in the level of CTLA-4 expression in CD8+T cells among all groups and neither did we find the relationship between the level of CTLA-4 expression on CD8+ T cells and the CD4 counts, viral load, activation or apoptosis of T cells. The level of CTLA-4 expression in regulatory T cells of LTNP group was significantly lower than that of HIV and AIDS group (P<0.05). The level of CTLA-4 expression in regulatory T cells was significantly correlated with CD4 counts, the frequency of CD4+HLA-DR+T cells and CD8+HLA-DR+T cells (P<0.05). Conclusion The level of CTLA-4 expression in CD4+T cells and regulatory T cells is correlated with disease progression and the level of the activation of immune system of HIV infected Chinese and may play a role in the immune balance in HIV infection.
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Objective To study the relationships between neutralizing antibody response against heterologous virus and disease progression in Chinese HIV-1 B'/C infected individuals. Methods Plasmas from HIV-1-infected individuals, grouped as HIV chronically infected or AIDS according to CD4+ count and clinical symptom, were tested for neutralizing activity against the three HIV-1 isolates with very low homology in vitro. Six two-fold dilutions of each plasma sample (from 1/10 to 1/320) were tested against each virus from the panel. Giving a 50% reduction in p24Ag compared with normal human plasma control wells was defined as positive. The breadth of the cross-neutralizing response was defined based on the number of viruses that were effectively neutralized by any given patient-derived plasma sample. The magnitude of the crossneutralizing response was defined based on the average neutralizing titer against all heterologous viruses. Resuits We found that there revealed a significant difference between HIV chronically infected and AIDS group in the breaths and magnitudes of neutralizing heterologous virus. There was higher prevalence for the frequency of neutralizing heterologous virus in HIV chronically infected than AIDS. The results showed that there was positive correlation between the breadths and magnitudes of neutralizing response against heterologous virus and the plasma HIV RNA level in HIV chronically infected group, while not in AIDS group. There was no association between the breadth of the neutralizing responses against heterologous virus and CD4 T cell counts. Conclusion The capacity of neutralizing antibodies against heterologous virus varied among different disease stage. There were higher titers of neutralizing antibodies in HIV chronically infected than AIDS group. The loss of neutralizing antibodies in plasma from AIDS group appears to be associated with a narrowing of the antibody response during disease progression. These suggest that the presence of neutralizing antibodies against hetreologous virus was associated with disease progression.
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Objective To examine the expression of TLR7/8 in monocytes purified from HIV-1 infected individuals and to study its association with disease progression. Methods Sixty-three HIV-1 infected individuals and 18 normal controls were enrolled. Monocytes were purified by MACS system and RNA of them was extracted by RNA mini kit of QIAGEN company. TLR7/8 expression was tested by real-time RT-PCR with ABI7500. Results It was found that the expression of TLR7 was strongly correlated with absolute CD4 count (r =0.614, P＜0.01) , so was TLR8 (r =0.419, P＜0.01). The expression of TLR7 in slow progressor (SP) group was higher than that in HIV-1 infected patients group, AIDS patients group and normal group (P ＜ 0. 05 ) . HIV group and normal group were strongly higher than AIDS group (P ＜ 0. 05). It was no significant differentiation of expression of TLR7 between HIV infection group and normal control group. The expression of TLR8 in SP group and normal group were significantly higher than that in AIDS group (P ＜ 0. 05). The expression of TLR8 was no singnificantly difference between SP group and HIV group or normal control group, so was it between HIV group or normal control group and AIDS group. Conclusion The expression of TLR7/8 in monocytes from HIV-1 infected patients significantly correlated with disease progression.
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Objective To investigate the impact of hepatitis C virus (HCV)-RNA levels on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 disease progression in Chinese HIV/HCV co-infected individuals. Methods Cross-sectional analysis was performed among 391 HIV-infected patients for assessment of HCV-IgG, HCV-RNA, HIV-RNA, CD4 cell counts and cell surface markers of immune activation, to compare the difference of viral and immune indexes between HCV-RNA high group and HCV-RNA low group, and to elucidate the association between HCV-RNA, HIV-RNA and CD4 cell counts in HIV/HCV co-infected patients. Results (1) The percentage of anti HCV-IgG positive of former plasma donor group (93%) and drug-injection group (97.5%) were significantly higher than that of sexual transmission group (20.1%). The percentage of HCV-RNA positive of drug-injection group (89.9%) was significantly higher than that of former plasma donor group (48.3%) and sexual transmission group (62.5%), P<0.01, respectively. (2) HCV-RNA levels were positively correlated to HIV-RNA levels (r=0.237,P<O.01), whereas were negatively correlated to CD4 cell counts(r=-0.201,P<0.05). (3)The HLA-DR expression on T lymphocytes of HCV-RNA low group was lower than that of HCV-RNA high group (P<0.01). Conclusion High level HCV-RNA may act as a risk factor of HIV-1 disease progression.
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Objective To investigate the association between APOBEC3G mRNA levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs)of HIV/AIDS patients and disease progression in Henan province.Methods Real-time PCR was used to detect the mRNA levels of APOBEC3G in PBMCs of HIV/AIDS patients at difierent disease progression stage.Flow cytometry and automated viral load analyzer were used to count CD4+ T cells and plasma HIV viral loads.Results The mRNA levels of APOBEC3G in HIV/AIDS patients were lower than in HIV-negative controls(t=4.887,P＜0.01),and APOBEC3G levels were significantly higher in slow development group than those in HIV and AIDS groups(P＜0.05).The levels of APOBEC3G mRNA correlated positively with CD4+ T cell counts(R2=0.190,P=0.002)and negatively with HIV-1 viral loads(R2=0.094.P=0.038).Conclusions The APOBEC3G mRNA levels in PBMC of HIV infected individuals are associated with HIV disease pmgression. Higher mRNA expression levels of APOBEC3G may be one of the protective factors which can play important role in delaying disease progression.
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Objective To investigate the killer cell lg-like receptors (KIR) gene frequency of HIV-1 infected slow progressors(SP) and typical progressors(TP), and to analyze the interaction between KIR alleles and the progression of HIV-1 infection in Chinese population. Methods Eighty-one HIV-1 posi-tive individuals including 43 SPs and 38 TPs were recruited. Carriage of KIR genes was assessed using poly-merase chain reaction sequence-specific primers (PCR-SSP) assays. Results KIR2DS3 gene frequency was significantly lower in SP group (3.6%) than that in TP group (14.2%), P =0. 018 ,OR =0. 210,95% CI =0.053-0.833. The number of activating KIR genes was less in SP group than that in TP group, but was not significant (P = 0. 208). Conclusion Lower KIR2DS3 gene frequency may potentially be associated with slower progression to AIDS in Chinese population.
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Objective To study the amino acid mutations in neutralizing antibody 2F5 and 4E10 conserved epitopes ELDKWA and NWFDIT of HIV-1 membrane proximal external region(MPER)in 92 HIV-infected individuals and AIDS patients in China,and to provide a basis for the neutralizing antobodies immunotherapy and a design of vaccines. Methods Nest-PCR methods were used to amplity genes of the HIV-1 env gp41 region.The amplified fragments were sequenced by double-deoxygen terminal method and translated into amino acids for analysis.The mutations of 2F5 and 4E10 neutralizing epitopes were identified by comparison with the epitopes reference data in HIV-1 Sequence Database.Results There were mutations on both 2F5 and 4E10 neutralizing epitopes.2F5 conserved neutralizing epitopes major mutations tocused on E662A(14.1%),K665S(17.4%),A667K(16.3%),and 4E10 conserved neutralizing epltopes major mutations included N671S(13.0%),D674S(3.3%),T676S(16.3%).The mutation rates of 2F5 and 4E10 epitopes were significanfly different between CRF_B'C-clade and B'-clade(P<0.05).The mutata rates of CRF_B'C-clade were higher than that of CRFOI_AE-clade in 2F5 epitopes(P<0.05).The mutation rates of B'-clade in 4E10 eiptopes showed significant difference in slow progressors,HIV-infected individuals and AIDS patients,respectively(P<0.05).Conclusion The HIV-1 patients in China are demonstrated diversified mutations in 2F5 and 4E10 neutralizing epitopes.The mutation degrees of amlno acids in conserved neutralizing epitopes are different in different subtypes.There may be a correlation between neutralizing epitopes mutations of 4E10 with disease progression.
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Objective To study the association of CD4+CD8+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells with the HIV long term non-progressors(LTNP) in China. Methods Seventy-four HIV-1 infected patients (LTNP group, HIV group and AIDS group)and 16 normal controls were enrolled and the frequency of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells were detected by flow cytometry. To study the correlation between CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells and disease progression, the absolute CD4+ T cells, viral load, apoptosis and activation of T cells were also examined. Results The frequency of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells in LTNP group was significantly lower than that in HIV and AIDS group (P<0.05). The frequency of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells was inversely related to CD4+ T cells and closely related to viral load and CD38, CD95 expression on CD4, CD8+ T cells (P<0.05). Conclusion The frequency of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells of HIV infected LTNP is significantly lower than typical progressors, which indicates that alternation of regulatory T cells may play a protective role in LTNP.
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Objective:To study the relationships between neutralizing antibody response against autologous virus and disease progression of HIV-1 B'/C infected individuals in China.Methods:Twenty-four primary HIV-1 isolates were incubated with autologous plasma collected either freshly or at approximately six months intervals thereafter.Normal human peripheral blood mononuclear cells were incubated with the virus-serum mixtures for 7 days and then the production of p24 antigen was measured.The neutralizing titer of a particular plasma and virus was defined as the reciprocal of the highest dilution giving a 50% reduction in p24 Ag compared with NHP control wells.More than 1∶8 were considered significant and were scored as positive.Results:In neutralizing antibody(Nabs) response against contemporaneous virus,Nabs were produced in all slow progressors(SP) individuals,while only four in 21 of HIV group had.There was statistically significance of the neutralizing antibody titers between SP and HIV.When plasma samples of six months later were tested for their ability to neutralize autologous virus,all of SPs had higher neutralizing antibody titers and the titers of neutralizing antibody in HIV group had increased in different rate.Among the twenty-one individuals of HIV group,12 of these individuals had neutralizing antibody response against autologous virus and other 9 of these individuals had not.NAb titers of SP in six months later plasma were higher than those of HIV.There was a negative correlation between the generation of the neutralizing titer against autologous virus and the plasma HIV RNA level in HIV-1 B'/C infected individuals(including SP,HIV).Conclusion:Neutralizing antibody against autologous viruses in HIV-1 B'/C infected SP is higher than those of HIV group,suggesting that neutralizing antibodies play a vital role in delaying disease progression in these individuals.