ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the chemical constituents and bioactivity of the moieties without hemostatic effects of Trillium kamtschaticum. Methods All compounds were isolated and purified by means of silica gel column chromatography, reverse phase C18 column chromatography, Sephadex LH-20, and recrystallization methods. Their structures were determined by physicochemical properties, and spectral data. The cytotoxic activity of selected compounds was also evaluated using the MTT method. Results Ten compounds were obtained from the moieties without hemostatic effects of T. kamtschaticum and their structures were identified as β-ecdysone (1), polypodine B (2), integristerone B (3), (9Z,15Z)-11,12,13-trihydroxyoctadeca-9,15-dienoic acid (4), (Z)-11, 12,13-trihydroxyoctadec-9-enoic acid (5), methyl (9Z,15Z)-11,12,13-trihydroxyoctadeca-9,15-dienoate (6), methyl (Z)-11,12,13- trihydroxyoctadec-9-enoate (7), 7,11-dimethyl-3-methylene-1,6-dodecadien-10β,11-diol-10-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (8), kaempferol- 3-O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl (1→6)-O-β-D-galacopyranoside (9), and 5-hydroxy-4-hydroxymethyl-2H-pyran-2-one (10), respectively. Compounds 1, 9, and 10 showed cytotoxic activities with IC50 values of (26.6 ± 1.3) μmol/L (DU145 cells), (16.2 ± 6.2) μmol/L (CEM cells), and (23.7 ± 1.2) μmol/L (HeLa cells), respectively. Conclusion Compounds 4—7 and 10 are obtained for the first time from Trillium genus, and compounds 1, 9, and 10 showed cytotoxic activities.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To study the monthly dynamics of physical and chemical indexes in Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix(ABR, the dried root of Achyranthes bidentata Bl.) stored in simple and cool warehouses. METHODS: ABR was stored in simple and cool warehouses for 27 months. The color was observed. The water content was determined based on the drying method. The contents of β-ecdysone and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) were determined by HPLC method. The accumulation of temperature difference between the simple and cool warehouses was evaluated with a relative temperature cumulation (RTC) method. The monthly dynamics of physical and chemical indexes of ABR was analyzed with RTC. RESULTS: As the extension of storage time, the ABR stored in the simple warehouse showed deeper color and harder texture, but the ABR stored in the cool warehouse still had soft texture without significant color change. The contents of β-ecdysone in ABR stored in the two warehouses both gradually decreased and dropped to lower than the limit of 0.030% ruled by China Pharmacopoeia when being stored for up to 27 months. The contents of 5-HMF of ABR stored in the two warehouses both increased and were higher for the sample in the simple warehouse than that in the cool warehouse. CONCLUSION: The concept of RTC is put forward and used to study the monthly dynamics of chemical constituents in traditional Chinese medicine during storage for the first time. The physical and chemical indexes of ABR varies during storage. Two years of storage time of ABR is suggested.
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Objective: To investigate the chemical constituents in the roots and rhizomes of Trillium tschonoskii. Methods: The roots and rhizomes of T. tschonoskii were extracted with 70% ethanol and separated by chromatography on polyamide, silica gel, RP-C18, and Sephadex LH-20 columns. Chemical structures were identified by MS, 1D and 2D NMR experiments. Results: Twelve compounds were isolated and identified from the ethyl acetate extract from the roots and rhizomes of T. tschonoskii and n-butanol fractions were identified as β-ecdysone (1), pinnatasterone (2), polypodine B (3), methyl ferulorate (4), regaloside A (5), 4-hydroxy-benzoic acid (6), vanillic aldehyde (7), β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-O- [α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)]-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (8), paris saponin V (9), paris saponin III (10), trillenoside A (11), and trillenoside C (12). Conclusion: Compounds 1, 2, 6, 7, 9, and 10 are isolated from the plants in this genus for the first time, and compounds 3-5, 11, and 12 are isolated from this plant for the first time.
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Objective: To study the effects of indole butyric acid (IBA) and NAA at different concentrations and culture methods on the growth of Ajuga lobata root and content of β-ecdysone. Methods: Taking MS as basic medium supplemented with IBA (0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 mg/L) or NAA (0.3, 0.6, and 0.9 mg/L), the tissue culture was carried out. HPLC was used to determinate the content of β-ecdysterone. Results: The results showed that the roots could grew well on MS as basic medium supplemented with IBA 0.5-1 mg/L. The best culture condition for the highest β-ecdysone accumulation was MS medium supplemented with IBA 2 mg/L. The content of β-ecdysterone in the whole plant and the roots of A. lobata with tissue culture was twice times of hydroponics and about three times of cultivation. Conclusion: MS medium supplemented with IBA at the proper concentration could promote the root growth of A. lobata. The content of β-ecdysterone in the root of A. lobata is the highest in tissue cultures.