Correlation of clinicopathologic features of Filipino primary breast cancer patients with HER2 Subgroups classified according to the ASCO/CAP 2018 breast cancer HER2 testing guidelines

Background@#Guidelines for testing human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) in breast cancer using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) were released in 2018. These guidelines were jointly developed by the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) and the College of American Pathologists (CAP) to achieve a clearer designation of breast cancer HER2 status. Clinical correlation with other factors was also considered appropriate, especially for those cases classified under ISH groups 2, 3, and 4.@*Objective@#In this study, we examined clinicopathologic features among Filipino breast cancer patients whose HER2 status was reclassified based on the 2018 ASCO/CAP guidelines.@*Methodology@#One hundred and thirty-two (132) breast cancer cases with immunohistochemistry (IHC) equivocal results in the Medical City were enrolled from January 2017 up to December 2020. HER2 FISH results classified under groups 2, 3, and 4 were then re-evaluated for HER2-IHC status in accordance with the 2018 ASCO/CAP guidelines. The relationship between clinicopathologic features and HER2 status was analyzed using the Fisher exact test.@*Results@#Significant differences were found in histologic type, nuclear pleomorphism, mitotic rate, progesterone receptor (PR) status, and regional lymph node involvement among the reclassified ISH groups. In the conv+ group, the tumor cells did not involve the regional lymph nodes as compared to group 5, where the tumor cells were involved. The conv- group had a higher grade for nuclear pleomorphism, mitotic count, and overall Nottingham Histologic Grade than group 5. There was a significant association between progesterone receptors among the conv- group and group 1.@*Conclusion@#Filipino breast cancer cases whose HER2 status was reclassified to negative following the 2018 ASCO/CAP guidelines had statistically different clinicopathologic features from those classified as group 5.

Comprehensive interpretation of RCC abstracts, ASCO-GU 23 / 中华泌尿外科杂志

The ASCO-GU 23 conference was held offline as scheduled after the pandemic. A total of 167 abstracts in the field of renal cell carcinoma has been posted during the conference, covering the first PET/CT diagnostic technology targeting tumors in renal cell carcinoma, risk stratified interpretation of the previous clinical trial results, and exploring the value of tumor and serum biomarkers for precise classification therapy, as well as providing evidence for the therapeutic scheme sequencing.

Feelings reported by adolescents after food ingestion: a comparative study / Sentimentos relatados por adolescentes após a ingestão alimentar: um estudo comparativo

INTRODUCTION: Food is closely linked with emotions in a complex relationship. The imaginary and symbolic meaning attributed to food has been little studied and the act of eating needs to be better understood. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the association of adolescents´ feelings to selected foods. METHODS: Cross-sectional study with 995 adolescents from public and private schools in Teresina, PI, Brazil. It was a Supplementary Project to the Brazilian national survey ERICA (Estudo de Riscos Cardiovasculares em Adolescentes). Adolescents had to choose one of the following feelings to selected food: well-being/satisfaction, malaise, no feeling, aversion. For the option aversion, the participant had to indicate if it was related to smell, color, appearance, or taste. Adolescents´ feelings to foods were analyzed by type of school, sex, and age range, using Pearson's chi-square (χ²) or Fisher's exact tests. RESULTS: There was significant differences regarding the type of school for the feeling to chocolate (p=0.015); vegetables (p=0.003); leafy greens (p=0.005); healthy sandwich/natural fruit juice (p≤0.001); high fat red meat (p=0.046); fruit/natural fruit juice (p≤0.001). For sex, there was significant difrerences for healthy sandwich/natural fruit juice (p=0.001); beans and rice (p=0.021) and high fat red meat (p=0.005). There was significant differences between age groups for sandwich, chips, soda and ice cream (p=0.018); pasta (p=0.047) and high fat red meat (p=0.021). Well-being predominated in almost all foods and aversion was poorly reported. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that adolescents' feelings are not directed to specific foods.

INTRODUÇÃO: O alimento está intimamente ligado com as emoções em uma relação complexa. O sentido imaginário e simbólico atribuído à alimentação tem sido pouco estudado e o ato de comer precisa ser melhor compreendido. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a associação de sentimentos dos adolescentes relacionados a alimentos selecionados. MÉTODO: Estudo transversal com 995 adolescentes de escolas públicas e privadas de Teresina, PI, Brasil. Os dados foram provenientes do Projeto Suplementar ao levantamento nacional brasileiro ERICA (Estudo de Riscos Cardiovasculares em Adolescentes). O adolescente teve que escolher um dos seguintes sentimentos para o alimento selecionado: bem-estar/satisfação, desconforto, nenhum sentimento ou aversão. Para a opção aversão, o participante deveria indicar se ela estava relacionada ao cheiro, cor, aparência ou sabor. Os sentimentos dos adolescentes em relação aos alimentos foram analisados ​​por tipo de escola, sexo e faixa etária, por meio do teste qui-quadrado de Pearson (c²) ou teste exato de Fisher. RESULTADOS: Houve diferenças significativas entre os tipos de escola para o sentimento em relação ao chocolate (p=0,015); legumes/verduras (p=0,003); folhosos (p=0,005); sanduiche/suco natural (p≤0,001); carne vermelha gordurosa (p=0,046); fruta/suco natural (p≤0,001). Para o sexo, houve diferença significativa para sanduiche/suco natural (p=0,001); arroz com feijão (p=0,021) e carne vermelha gordurosa (p=0,005). Para a faixa etária, houve diferença significativa para sanduíche, batata frita, refrigerante e sorvete (p=0,018); macarrão (p=0,047) e carne vermelha gordurosa (p=0,021). O bem-estar predominou em quase todos os alimentos e a aversão foi pouco relatada. CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados sugerem que os sentimentos dos adolescentes não estão direcionados a um alimento específico.

Association of the atherosclerosis, small vessel disease, cardioembolism, other causes with the executive function of the montreal cognitive assessment Indonesia in patients with post ischemic stroke

Background: ASCO Phenotype classification is a new classification of stroke based on phenotypic system. ASCO classification can evaluate the etiology of ischemic stroke comprehensively to characterize patients using different grade of evidence for the subtype of ischemic stroke. ASCO classification can predict post ischemic stroke cognitive decline. This Study purpose to evaluate the association between ASCO classification with the executive function in post ischemic stroke patients.Methods: This cross sectional study followed by 28 post ischemic stroke patients (men 16, women 12) over 3 months. Mean age 52.82±8.66. Cognitive function was assessed by Montreal Cognitive Assessment Indonesia (MoCA INA).Results: There were 17 patients with grade 1 atherosclerosis (ASCO A1), ten patients with grade 1 small vessel disease (ASCO S1), one patient with grade 1 cardioembolism (ASCO C1) in post ischemic stroke. Grade 1 atherosclerosis (ASCO A1) was significantly associated with executive function decline (p=0.002), naming decline (p=0.05), abstraction decline (p=0.001), memory decline (p=0.002) and orientation decline (p=0.016)). Grade 1 small vessel disease (ASCO S1) was significantly associated with executive function decline (p=0.001) and memory decline (p = 0.001) and abstraction (p=0.001). Grade 1 cardioembolism 1 (ASCO C1) was not significantly associated with cognitive decline.Conclusions: There was significant association between ASCO classification with the executive function of Montreal Cognitive Assestment Indonesia (MoCA INA) in post ischemic stroke patients.

Advances in the treatment of malignant melanoma / 中国肿瘤临床

Absdract Melanoma is characterized by high mortality and poor prognosis. The novel immunotherapy has offered a breakthrough in antitumor activity in melanoma and has offered incremental improvements over standard care. The ASCO annual meeting held on June 1, 2018 in Chicago, was conducted to present the progress of current treatment and promise of those still in clinical development. The academic event showed results of clinical trials in patients with lymph node dissection, adjuvant therapy, immunotherapy, and targeted therapy. Melanoma drugs introduced at the meeting included NIVO, Pembro, T-VEC, Encorafenib, Binimetinib, and CDk4/6i. The development of therapy is retrospected in this paper in order to provide a basis and give hope for melanoma treantment in China.

Interpretation of the latest progress of CDK4/6 inhibitors combining with endocrine therapy in advanced breast cancer at ASCO of 2018 / 中华内分泌外科杂志

Endocrine therapy is the main treatment of hormone receptor-positive advanced breast cancer.How to reverse the endocrine resistance and the new endocrine therapy have become the focus of attention in the tumor community.The study of cyclin dependent kinase (CDKs) has developed rapidly,and the selective cdk4/6 inhibitors can significantly extend the progression-free survival of patients with endocrine resistance to breast cancer,which has been approved for standard treatment for advanced breast cancer.

Progress in 2017 ASCO annual meeting: cancer metabolism and nutrition support / 复旦学报（医学版）

Cancer is one of the leading causes responsible for resident's death worldwide.The abnormal status of cancer metabolism and metabolic target antitumor therapy are becoming the hotpot in cancer research.Shortly after the close of 2017 American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) annual meeting,the progress in the field of cancer metabolism and nutrition support could be reviewed in four aspects:clinical investigation of drugs targeting metabolic pathway,metabolism based radiological technologies,role and mechanism of metabolic molecules involved in tumor initiation and progress,and clinical nutrition support.

Concordance between core needle biopsy and surgical specimen for oestrogen receptor, progesterone receptor and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 status in breast cancer

<p><b>INTRODUCTION</b>This study aimed to analyse the concordance rate, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value of core needle biopsy (CNB) and subsequent surgical specimen (SS) in assessing levels of oestrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PgR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2/neu). It also evaluated the revised American Society of Clinical Oncology/College of American Pathologists (ASCO/CAP) guidelines for ER/PgR positivity.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We analysed the breast cancer database of KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, from 1 June 2005 to 30 December 2012. Invasive breast cancer patients who had CNB and subsequent SS were included.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 560 patients were included. The concordance of ER, PgR and HER2/neu positivity between CNB and SS was 96.1%, 89.1% and 96.8%, respectively. When the 'ER ≥ 10% positive' group was compared with the 'ER ≥ 1% positive' group, specificity increased from 79.7% to 92.5% and PPV increased from 93.9% to 97.5%. When the 'PgR ≥ 10% positive' group was compared with the 'PgR ≥ 1% positive' group, specificity increased from 84.2% to 89.3% and PPV improved from 89.7% to 92.9%. The revised ASCO/CAP guidelines decreased discordant results by > 50% for ER and by 18.2% for PgR.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>CNB has high concordance with SS in the evaluation of the molecular profile of invasive breast cancer. Thus, molecular evaluation does not need to be repeated with SS except for ER-, PgR- and HER2/neu-negative CNB results. The revised ASCO/CAP guidelines resulted in more precise ER and PgR status on CNB.</p>

Comparison of the FDA and ASCO/CAP Criteria for HER2 Immunohistochemistry in Upper Urinary Tract Urothelial Carcinoma

BACKGROUND: Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is one of the known oncogenes in urothelial carcinoma. However, the association between HER2 and the prognosis of upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma (UUTUC) has not yet been fully clarified. The aim of this study was to evaluate HER2 expression using the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) criteria and American Society of Clinical Oncology/College of American Pathologists (ASCO/CAP) criteria and compare their prognostic significance in UUTUC. METHODS: HER2 expression was evaluated in 144 cases of UUTUC by immunohistochemistry (IHC) using tissue microarrays. We separately analyzed HER2 expression using the FDA and ASCO/CAP criteria. The IHC results were categorized into low (0, 1+) and high (2+, 3+) groups. RESULTS: Using the FDA criteria, 94 cases were negative, 38 cases were 1+, nine cases were 2+, and three cases were 3+. Using the ASCO/CAP criteria, 94 cases were negative, 34 cases were 1+, 13 cases were 2+, and three cases were 3+. Four cases showing 2+ according to the ASCO/CAP criteria were reclassified as 1+ by the FDA criteria. High HER2 expression by both the FDA criteria and ASCO/CAP criteria was significantly associated with International Society of Urological Pathology high grade (p = .001 and p < .001). The high HER2 expression group classified with the FDA criteria showed significantly shorter cancer-specific survival (p = .004), but the HER2 high and low expression groups classified with the ASCO/CAP criteria did not show significant differences (p = .161) in cancer-specific survival. CONCLUSIONS: HER2 high expression groups were significantly associated with shorter cancer-specific survival, and our study revealed that the FDA criteria are more suitable for determining HER2 expression in UUTUC.

Intracategorial Varieties of Contempt in a Heterogeneous Sample / Variedades intracategoriales del desprecio en una muestra heterogénea

Consistent with current emotion theory, we should note that contempt is not a homogeneous category but rather shows intracategorial variability. Previous research on Spanish samples shows a communicative structure in which contempt is felt towards intimate, social or abstract receivers, for reciprocal, altruistic or prejudiced reasons. Our objective was to test, on a large and heterogeneous sample, the previously found structure and variations of the experience of contempt as well as its spontaneous facial expression. Testing the association of contempt varieties with certain subject attributes was a secondary goal. Results from 130 participants from the Spanish general population corroborated the previously found structure and varieties, as well as the associations between contempt receiver and attribution. No relation was found with sex, age or emotion recognition ability. As to spontaneous facial expression, disgust was more often expressed by those who narrated their personal episodes of contempt for reciprocal reasons, and was less often expressed by the people who described prejudiced scenarios. This result indicates that the conventionally considered facial expression of contempt is not the only one, as already stated by Darwin, and should not be considered as such by experimental and psychometric procedures.

De forma consistente con las teorías actuales de la emoción, el desprecio no es una categoría homogénea, sino que presenta variedad intracategorial. La investigación previa en muestras españolas muestra una estructura comunicativa en la que el desprecio se experimenta hacia receptores íntimos, sociales o abstractos por razones recíprocas, altruistas o prejuiciosas. Nuestro objetivo fue poner a prueba, en una muestra grande y heterogénea, la estructura previamente encontrada para la experiencia de desprecio, así como sus variedades y expresión facial espontánea. Un objetivo secundario fue la puesta a prueba de la asociación de las variedades del desprecio con atributos de sujeto. Los resultados de 130 entrevistas procedentes de población general española corroboraron la estructura y variedades previamente halladas, así como la asociación entre el receptor del desprecio y la atribución causal. La relación con el sexo, la edad y la aptitud de reconocimiento emocional no resultó significativa. Con respecto a la expresión facial, la de asco apareció con mayor frecuencia en quienes narraron episodios de desprecio por razones de reciprocidad y con menor frecuencia en quienes describieron escenarios prejuiciosos. Este resultado indica que la expresión convencionalmente considerada como de desprecio no es la única, como ya estableció Darwin, por lo que no debería considerarse como tal en los procedimientos experimentales y psicométricos.

A Survey of clinicians' awareness about the use of G-CSF and the current practice of G-CSF use in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy and radiotherapy / 肿瘤

Objective: To investigate the clinicians' awareness about G-CSF (granulocyte colony-stimulating factor) use and the current G-CSF use in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy and radiotherapy, and evaluate the compliance with the guidelines for the use of G-CSF in the clinicians of oncology. Methods: The self-designed questionnaire based on 2006 ASCO (American Society of Clinical Oncology) and 2012 NCCN (National Comprehensive Cancer Network) guidelines for G-CSF was conducted to investigate the clinicians' knowledge of the use of G-CSF for cancer patients in 31 secondary/tertiary hospitals in China between June 2012 and November 2012, and a further survey of the use of G-CSF for cancer patients receiving chemotherapy and radiotherapy in a tertiary hospital was perfomed to evaluate the compliance with the guidelines. Results: Total of 218 clinicians efficiently completed the questionnaire. Of these 218 clinicians, 205 completed the questionnaire on chemotherapy and 85 on radiotherapy. For assessment of FN (febrile neutropenia) risk in patinets prior to first chemotherapy cycle, 71.4% of the clinicians were clear about this assessment; 50.0%, 62.7% and 2.9% had the knowledge about primary and secondary prophylactic use and therapeutic use of G-CSF, respectively. Approximately 80.0% of the clinicians administered G-CSF for neutropenia ocurred in patients receiving concurrent chemoradiotherapy regardless of radiation sites. There were 222 patients treated with 724 chemotherapy cycles included in the survey. In prophylactic use, 259 (35.8%) cases used G-CSF that the guideline doesn't recommend, which belonged to excessive use, the doses accounting for 59.7% of the totle prophylactic use; 105 (14.5%) didn't use while the guideline recommend, belonging to lack of use. In therapeutic use, only 3.1% were standardized, accounting for 7.4% of the total dose, and the remaining 92.6% were excessive use. Of 35 patients receiving radiotherapy, 97.1% were treated with G-CSF when neutropenia occurred; 3 patients undergoing concurrent chemoradiotherapy including mediastinum used G-CSF when neutropenia appeared, which wasn't in conformity with ASCO 2006 guideline. The dose of G-CSF used in majority of the patients didn't meet the guidelines. Conclusion: This survey indicates that the poor compliance with the recommendations of guidelines for the use of G-CSF in clinicians of oncology. There is a signifcant difference between the current clinical practice and the recommendations of guidelines. The clinicians should increase the understanding and promote the proper use of G-CSF. Copyright © 2013 by TUMOR.

Las 'patologías actuales' y los diques pulsionales / Current pathologies' and the pulsional dams

Nuestra investigación está centrada en el estudio de ciertos fenómenos clínicos que, por su creciente prevalencia epidémica, han sido denominados “patologías actuales” (adicciones, actos de violencia, anorexia, bulimia y trastornos de ansiedad, entre otros). Estas modalidades de presentación subjetiva usualmente aparecen en la clínica como un obstáculo, en la medida en que parecieran no organizarse al modo de las formaciones del inconciente. Suelen poner en juego un malestar de difícil tramitación a través de la palabra. Nos proponemos interrogar la pertinencia de su inscripción en las categorías clínicas freudianas, así como la validez del corpus teórico freudiano para dar cuenta de su conceptualización y abordajes clínicos. Comenzamos seleccionando un “rasgo” común de dichos fenómenos clínicos: se trata de cierta modalidad particular de tramitación del padecimiento psíquico, que involucra el cuerpo pulsional. Este aspecto nos llevó a considerar la noción de “dique pulsional” en Freud. Este artículo examina distintos fenómenos, aparentemente diversos, tales como el asco, la vergüenza y el dolor. Intentamos presentarlos como asumiendo una función común, al tiempo que estableciendo conexiones con variados aspectos del concepto de pulsión, en particular sus destinos. El dolor se articula con los destinos “previos” a la represión, como una anticipación de los conceptos de masoquismo y superyó. Dichos conceptos habrán de cobrar relevancia a los fines de nuestra reflexión acerca de las denominadas “patologías actuales”...