Effects of electroacupuncture on gait and proliferation and differentiation of muscle satellite cell in rats with acute blunt trauma of gastrocnemius muscle / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the effects of electroacupuncture on threshold of pain, gait, proliferation and differentiation of muscle satellite cell in rats with acute blunt trauma of gastrocnemius muscle, and to explore the possible mechanism of electroacupuncture in promoting the repair of acute injury of skeletal muscle.@*METHODS@#A total of 48 SD rats were randomly divided into a blank group (6 rats), a model group (24 rats) and an electroacupuncture group (18 rats). In the model group and the electroacupuncture group, the model of acute blunt trauma of gastrocnemius muscle was established by self-made impactor. In the electroacupuncture group, electroacupuncture was applied at "Chengshan" (BL 57) and "Yanglingquan" (GB 34) on the right side, with disperse-dense wave, in frequency of 2 Hz/100 Hz, once a day, 30 min each time. Electroacupuncture intervention was performed for 3, 7 and 14 days according to the sampling time. On the 1st, 3rd, 7th and 14th days after modeling, the mechanical withdrawal pain threshold of hindfoot was detected by Von Frey method; the standing time and the maximum contact area of the right hindfoot were recorded by Cat Walk XTTM animal gait analysis instrument; the morphology of the right gastrocnemius muscle and the number of inflammatory cells were observed by HE staining; the positive expression of paired box gene 7 (Pax7) and myogenic differentiation (MyoD) of the right gastrocnemius muscle was detected by immunofluorescence.@*RESULTS@#After modeling, the muscle fiber rupture and massive infiltration of red blood cells and inflammatory cells were observed in the right gastrocnemius muscle; after electroacupuncture intervention, the morphology of muscle fiber was intact and the infiltration of inflammatory cells was improved. Compared with the blank group, in the model group, the differences of mechanical withdrawal pain threshold between the left and right foot were increased (P<0.05), the standing time was shortened and the maximum contact area of the right hindfoot was decreased (P<0.05), the number of inflammatory cells and the positive expression of Pax7 and MyoD of the right gastrocnemius muscle were increased (P<0.05) on the 1st, 3rd, 7th and 14th days after modeling. Compared with the model group, in the electroacupuncture group, the differences of mechanical withdrawal pain threshold were decreased (P<0.05), the standing time was prolonged (P<0.05), the number of inflammatory cells of right gastrocnemius muscle was decreased (P<0.05) on the 7th and 14th days after modeling; the maximum contact area of the right hindfoot was increased (P<0.05), the positive expression of MyoD of the right gastrocnemius muscle was increased (P<0.05) on the 3rd, 7th and 14th days after modeling; the positive expression of Pax7 of the right gastrocnemius muscle was increased (P<0.05) on the 3rd day after modeling.@*CONCLUSION@#Electroacupuncture can effectively improve the pain threshold and gait in rats with acute blunt trauma of gastrocnemius muscle, and promote the repair of skeletal muscle injury, the mechanism may be related to the up-regulation of Pax7 and MyoD, so as to promoting the proliferation and differentiation of muscle satellite cell.

Effectiveness of open reduction and internal fixation for acute and delayed occult Lisfranc injuries / 中国修复重建外科杂志

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) in treatment of acute and delayed occult Lisfranc injuries. Methods: A retrospective review of 26 patients with occult Lisfranc injuries who were treated with ORIF between July 2010 and July 2015 was applied. Fourteen patients were treated within 6 weeks after injury (acute group) and 12 patients were treated after 6 weeks of injury (delayed group). There was no significant difference between the two groups in gender, age, affected sides, and preoperative visual analogue scale (VAS) score, American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) score, and physical and mental scores of Study Short Form 12 Health Survey (SF-12) ( P0.05). The satisfaction rates were 100% and 83.3% (10/12) in acute group and delayed group, respectively. The internal fixators were removed in 20 patients (11 cases in acute group and 9 cases in delayed group) at 9-24 months after operation (mean, 14.5 months). The results of X-ray films showed no traumatic osteoarthritis, midfoot collapse, internal fixation failure, or reduction loss during follow-up period. Conclusion: ORIF is an ideal method for both acute and delayed occult Lisfranc injuries and can obtain the similar effectiveness.

Prevalence, Characteristics of Ear Deformity and Treatment Tendency for Auricular Hematoma in Elite Wrestlers / 대한스포츠의학회지

Wrestlers has frequently injured on his ear by friction or hitting. If the ear injury like hematoma did not treat appropriately, it should be deform to disfigured outer shape. We analyzed the incidence and characteristics of ear deformity with elite wrestlers. We took the photo with elite 58 male wrestlers' ears. We surveyed the carrier of elite player, duration of training time, ear injury history, treatment history and satisfactory scale of his ear shape. The characteristics of ear shape were classified by Yotuyanagi classification. 44 wrestlers has deformity of his ear in elite wrestlers (76%, 44/58). Right side ear deformity is 50 cases, bilaterally involvement is one case. Microtia was 11 (24%), ear protrusion was 15 (33%) cases. Yotuyanagi type IB was 13 (29%) cases that deformity extending from helix to antihelix. Type IIA was 12 (27%) cases that deformity with a substantial change with good structural integrity in outline of the ear. Acute ear injury was treated with simple icing (33 cases, 56%), aspiration and compression (6 cases, 10%). 34 wrestlers (77%) dissatisfied his own ear shape. 10% of acute ear injuries treat appropriately in domestic elite male wrestlers. 76% of the wrestlers has an ear deformity and dissatisfaction.

Arched nerves of double end-to-side neuroanastomosis for repairing bilateral acute proper digital nerve injuries / 第二军医大学学报

Objective To explore a new method for repairing bilateral acute proper digital nerve injuries. Methods From Feb. 2009 to Aug. 2012, 56 patients with bilateral acute proper digital nerve injuries were admitted to our center, with20 undergoing double end-to-side neuroanastomosis. During operation, the injured digital nerve was excised, and then the bilateral distal ends and proximal endswere stured, consequently forming the distal and proximal nerve bows. A cutaneous antebrachii lateralis nerve was freed and obtained from the homolateral forearm, and then was equally divided into 2 parts to bridge the 2 nerve bows. Twenty patients underwent nerve graft with end-to-end neuroanastomosis, and the rest 16 patients underwent direct end-to-end neuroanastomosis. Results All the patients achieved primary healing of wound after operation, with no circulation disorders. A total of 50 patientswere followed up for 3-12 months. In double end-to-side neuroanastomosis group, 18 patientswere successfully followed up, with the average sensation measurement being S3+, which was significantly higher than those of the other 2 groups(P = 0. 024). The average result of two point discrimination was (5. 2±0. 7) mm, which was significantly lower than those of the other 2 groups(P = 0. 037). According to TAM scales, the results of finger joint motion were excellent in 14 cases, good in 3 cases and fair in 1; and there were no significant differences in the motion of joints between the 3 groups (P = 0. 914). In nerve graft with end-to-end neuroanastomosis group, 19 patients were successfully followed up; the average result of sensation measurement was S2 and the average result of two point discrimination was (7. 2±1. 4) mm. In direct end-to-end neuroanastomosis group, 13 patients were successfully followed up; the average result of sensation measurement was S3 and the average result of two point discrimination was (6. 3±0. 8) mm. Conclusion The arched nerves of double end-to-side neuroanastomosis can be used for repairing bilateral acute proper digital nerve injuries, which can quickly restore the sensation of fingers, but the related conclusion needs further verification with large sample studies.

A Comparison of Clinical Results and Second-Look Arthroscopic Findings between Early and Delayed Reconstruction in Acute Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries / 대한정형외과학회잡지

PURPOSE: This study was conducted for comparison of clinical and second look arthroscopic results between early and delayed reconstruction of acute anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-six patients who underwent ACL reconstruction between March 2008 and October 2011 were enrolled in this study. We divided the patients into two groups, those in the early reconstruction group underwent surgery before one week, and those in the delayed reconstruction group underwent surgery after three weeks, before six weeks. We checked clinical results and second look arthroscopic results and analyzed correlation of clinical and second look arthroscopic results. RESULTS: At the final follow up, the Lysholm, International Knee Documentation Committee, and Tegner score were not statistically different between the two groups (p=0.173, p=0.154, p=0.109). No difference for the range of motion (p=0.808, p=0.680), Lachman test (p=0.377), and pivot shift test (p=0.894) was observed between the groups. In the results of second look arthroscopy, there was no difference in graft continuity (p=0.936), tension (p=0.944) and synovial coverage (p=0.789). No statistical clinical correlation was observed between clinical and second look arthroscopic results (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: We obtained satisfactory clinical and second look arthroscopic results in both the early and delayed ACL reconstruction groups. Therefore, early reconstruction of ACL performed before one week could be a treatment options for acute ACL injury.

A Comparison of Outcomes after Acute and Chronic Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction / 대한정형외과학회잡지

PURPOSE: To compare the clinical outcomes of a reconstruction with an autogenous hamstring tendon for an acute and chronic anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed 71 patients who had undergone an ACL reconstruction with an autogenous hamstring tendon from December 2003 to June 2006. The patients were divided into two groups, reconstruction for an acute injury with 34 knees and reconstruction for a chronic injury with 37 knees. The clinical results were evaluated using the Lysholm score, International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score, Lachman test, Pivot shift test, KT-1000 arthrometer, and a Cybex isokinetic test for the strength of the knee flexor and extensor. The presence of associated intra-articular lesions was also investigated. RESULTS: There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of the stability evaluated by the Lachman test, pivot shift test and KT-1000 arthrometer at the final follow-up (p=0.732, 0.479, 0.078). However, the acute group scored significantly higher with respect to the clinical outcome measured by the Lysholm scores and IKDC rating system at the final follow-up (P=0.042, 0.012). There was a significantly higher incidence of associated intra-articular lesions in the chronic group than those in the acute group (P=0.003). CONCLUSION: A reconstruction for acute ACL injuries showed more satisfactory clinical results and less associated intraarticular lesions than a reconstruction for chronic ACL injuries.

Effects of Yunnan Baiyao on inflammatory response and satellite cell regeneration after acute injury of skeletal muscle in rats / 吉林大学学报(医学版)

Objective To study the effects and mechanism of Yunnan Baiyao on the inflammatory response and satellite cell regeneration after acute injury of skeletal muscle in rats. Methods Rat models of skeletal muscle injury (gastrocnemius,fast twich;soleus,slow twich) induced by treadmill were constructed 24 h after establishment of the models,the left sides of hind limbs in rats were treated with Yunnan Baiyao,and the right sides were treated with saline at the equal volume.4 rats were chosen 2,4,7,10,14 d after injury,respectively,and gastrocnemius and soleus of the treated sides (the left sides) and untreated sides (the right sides) from hind limbs of 4 rats were obtained,and stained with immunohistochemistry and HE. The quantity and morphological changes of inflammatory cells and satellite cells were observed under optical microscope. Results Compared with untreated sides,the number of inflammatory cells of fast twich after injury in the treated sides was decreased obviously at the 2nd,4th,7th day after injury(P

Treatment of acute posterolateral corner injury of the knee / 中华创伤骨科杂志

Objective To summarize the managements for acute injury of kne e posterolateral corner structure, and to evaluate the clinical results. Methods 27 cases of acute posterolateral corner injury of the knee were treated by eith er repair or reconstruction, according to the type of injury. The posterolateral stability of the knee was evaluated after follow-up of more than one year. Res ults One year after operation, there was no varus knee instability in full exten sion. At 30-degree flexion, one-degree varus instability was found in one case , but with firm endpoint. No varus instability was found in other cases. Compare d with the uninjured side, leg external rotation slightly increased in three cas es, remained the same in sixteen cases, and decreased in eight cases. Conclusio n First stage treatment of acute posterolateral corner injury of the knee is rel iable for the restoration of stability.

Clinical Observation of Shangke Quyu Tablet in Treating Traumatic Swelling and Pain / 广州中医药大学学报

[Objective] To investigate the effect of Shangke Quyu Tablet (a formula modified from Tao Hong Siwu Decoction) in treating acute traumatic swelling and pain of soft tissue. [Methods] Two hundred and forty-six cases of traumatic injury in four limbs, which were classified to Qi-stagnation and blood-stasis syndrome, were randomized to two groups. After given fracture reduction and dislocation fixation, group A (n = 164) was treated with self-prepared Shangke Quyu Tablet and group B with Tongxuekang Capsules (n = 82) . Therapeutic effect was evaluated after 10 days of treatment. [Results] In group A, 116 cases were markedly improved, 30 much improved, 14 improved and 4 ineffective; in group B, 44 cases were markedly improved, 18 much improved, 16 improved and 4 ineffective. The therapeutic effect in group A was better than that in group B (P

The Results of Primary Repair in Acute Injuries of the Posterior Cruciate Ligament / 영남의대학술지

BACKGROUND: We analyze the functional evaluation, posterior stability after surgery of acute injuries in the femoral detachment and tibial avulsion fracture of posterior cruciate ligament. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty two patient who underwent primary repair were followed more than one year after operation (mean follow-up 33.7 months). The patients were evaluated with KT 2000 arthrometer and posterior stress test for posterior stability. Lysholm knee score was used for knee function. RESULTS: Lysholm score revealed 85.3 in femoral detachment group and 91.1 in tibial avulsion fracture group (p<0.05). Posterior displacement of the posterior stress test showed 17.2 mm at initial injury and 8.6 mm at last follow up in femoral detachment group. 16.8 mm at initial injury and 7.1 mm at last follow up in tibial avulsion fracture group There revealed the tendency of the improved posterior stability of the tibial avulsion group compared with femoral detachment group, but there showed no statistical significance in KT 2000 arthrometer and posterior stress x-ray. CONCLUSION: Functional results of tibial avulsion fracture group revealed the better outcome compared with femoral detachment group, but the degree of posterior stability in tibial avulsion fracture group showed no statistical significance in posterior stability.

Evaluation of Effect of Radiofrequency Ablation on Tachyarrhythmia and Cardiac Acute Injury / 中国医师杂志

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of radiofrequeney ablation on tachyrhythmia and cardiac acute injure.Methods Endomyocardin was signified and ablated using routine methods,the effects of radiofrequency ablation on cardiac autonomic nerve function,cardiac systolic function,radiofrequency electric injury and changes of troponin,SOD and endothelin level in pre-operation and post-operation were evaluated to study RFCA procedure caused cardiac acute injury.Results Thirty-eight patients with tachyarrhythmia underwant RFCA.The successful rate was 100%,and none had serious complications.Postoperative LF and HF were reduced significantly as compared with preoperation,Atrium and ventricle premature beats had no significant difference before and after RFCA.Cardiac systolic function had no significant changes before and after procedure,but troponin,SOD and endothelin levels were significantly higher in postoperation than those of preoperation.Conclusions RFCA is a principal therapy of tachyarrhythmia because its excellent therapeutic effect,less side effect and eradication,RFCA has acute cardiac injury,but the injury is slight.

Surgical Treatment of the Acute Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries / 대한정형외과학회잡지

The anterior cruciate ligament(ACL) is one of the major stabilizers of knee motion. The ACL does not heal once torn, unlike many other biological tissues. Its absence can lead to severe joint instability which can lead to disruptions of secondary restraints around the knee and then progress to degenerative joint disease. Thus many authors advocate surgical intervention for a torn ACL in order to restore stability to the joint. Yet, there is still controversy as to best treatment for the ACL injuries. It is desirable to be considered for the patients age, the severity of the injury, and the future activity level of the patient to decide treatment. We analyzed thirty ACL acute injuries of twenty seven patients who had an ACL injury and treated surgically between Apr. 1986 and Dec. 1991 at St. Pauls Hospital. The results were as follows: 1. There were twenty five males and two females. The mean age was 33.4 years ranged, 15 to 52 years. 2. The anterior cruciate ligaments were torn at proximal portion in twenty two cases, at midportion and distal portion in four, respectively. 3. Two knees had isolated ACL injuries and twenty eight had combined injuries. 4. Twenty one out of twenty six cases treated with primary repair, and three out of four cases treated with reconstruction had good-excellent results.