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1.
Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine ; (12): 1343-1349, 2022.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-953953

ABSTRACT

Background Some studies have shown that PM2.5 exposure is closely related to central nervous system diseases that lead to cognitive dysfunction and change the composition of intestinal flora. However, there are few studies on the role of intestinal flora in PM2.5-induced depression- and anxiety-like behaviors in mice. Objective To observe the effects of PM2.5 exposure on depression- and anxiety-like behaviors and the composition of intestinal flora in mice, and to explore the role of intestinal flora in regulating 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) in depression- and anxiety-like behaviors in mice exposed to PM2.5. Methods Eight-week-old male SPF C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into control group (NS group), probiotic group (LGG group), PM2.5 group (PM group), and combined exposure group (PML group), 6 mice in each group. Mice in the PM group and the PML group were exposed to PM2.5 in a dynamic exposure cabinet for 6 h per day, 6 d a week for 7 consecutive weeks, and the PM2.5 concentrations were approximately 8 times higher than the outdoor concentration. The LGG group and the PML group were orally administered with Lactobacillus rhamnosus while the NS group and the PM group were orally administered with the same amount of saline. Elevated plus maze test and open field test were used to detect depression and anxiety in mice. Fecal samples of mice were collected to evaluate intestinal flora abundance, diversity, and structure between groups using high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA. ELISA was employed to detect the levels of 5-HT in serum and hippocampus. Spearman correlation was used to analyze the correlations of differential intestinal flora with 5-HT level in hippocampus and depression- and anxiety-like behavior indicators in mice. Results The percentage of open-arm entry [M(P25, P75)] in the PM group was 0.0% (0.0%, 33.3%), lower than those in the NS group [47.7% (25.0%, 50.8%) ] and the PML group [46.9% (40.0%, 50.0%)], and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). The total travelled distance and the time spent in central area (\begin{document}$\bar x \pm s $\end{document}) in the PM group were (2.01±0.90) m and (10.31±1.99) s respectively, shorter than those of the NS group [(3.80±0.89) m, (14.47±3.07) s], the total travelled distance in the PML group [(2.73±1.12) m] was shorter than those of the NS group and the LGG group [(4.21±1.08) m], and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Compared to the NS group, the Simpson index of the PM group significantly increased (P<0.05). Compared to the LGG group, the Simpson index of the PML group significantly decreased (P<0.05). The results of Beta diversity analysis showed that there were differences in the composition of intestinal flora among the four groups of mice. Compared with the NS group and the LGG group, the abundances of Erysipelotrichaceae and Dubosiella in the PM group and the PML group increased, while the abundances of Prevotellaceae_UCG-001 decreased, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). In hippocampus, the level of 5-HT in the PM group [(135.02±10.31) μg·g−1] was lower than those in the NS group [(178.77±43.15) μg·g−1] and the LGG group [(224.85±22.98) μg·g−1], and the level of 5-HT in the PML group [(161.27±15.81) μg·g−1] was lower than that in the LGG group (P<0.05). 5-HT level in hippocampus was significantly positively correlated with the relative abundance of Prevotellaceae_UCG-001 (r=0.6090, P=0.012). The percentage of open-arm entry was significantly negatively correlated with the relative abundance of Dubosiella (r=−0.4630, P=0.023). Conclusion Atmospheric PM2.5 exposure may cause depression- and anxiety-like behaviors in mice. The observed behavior dysfunction may be associated with the changes in diversity and relative abundance of intestinal flora as well as the decrease of 5-HT level. Such depression- and anxiety-like behaviors are alleviated after adding probiotics.

2.
Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University(Medical Science) ; (12): 550-556, 2019.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-843451

ABSTRACT

Domestic and foreign studies have shown that fine particulate matter (PM2.5) pollution is a major factor affecting human health. In addition to the direct impact on the respiratory and cardiovascular systems, PM2.5 exposure during pregnancy can directly affect the growth and development of offspring, manifested as cardiopulmonary dysfunction and cognitive disorder, various adverse pregnancy outcomes, abnormal organ development, and congenital defects. However, the mechanism underlying the developmental toxicity of PM2.5 is still unclear. This article reviews PM2.5-induced developmental toxicity based on epidemiological investigation and toxicological studies, which will provide references for further studies.

3.
Journal of Preventive Medicine ; (12): 332-335,339, 2016.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-792484

ABSTRACT

Objective Toinvestigatethecytotoxicityandoxidativestressofambientfineparticulatematter(PM2.5)and water-solublefractionofPM2.5onhumanbronchialepithelialcells(HBE).Methods PM2.5sampleswerecollected in the urban area of Hangzhou.Then the water-soluble fraction was extracted from PM2.5.After HBE cells were exposed to PM2.5 and its water-soluble fraction at the doses of 0,100,250,500,1 000,1 500 and 2 000 μg/mL for 24 h, CCK-8 (cell counting kit-8 )assay was conducted to examine the cytotoxicity of the PM2.5 and its water-soluble fraction.The oxidative damage induced by PM2.5 and its water-soluble fraction on HBE cells was then evaluated with lipid peroxidation,the superoxide dismutase (SOD ) activity,and the levels of glutathione peroxidase (GSH -Px ). Results ThePM2.5anditswater-solublefractionreducedtheviabilityofHBEcellsinadose-dependentmanner. When the PM concentrations were 200,400 and 800 μg/mL,the SOD activity of the HBE cells decreased significantly,as compared with the control group (P<0.05 ).Also,the malondialdehyde (MDA)levels of the HBE cells significantly increased at the doses of 200,400 and 800 μg/mL (P<0.05).However,there were no significant differences of GSH-Pxactivityamongthegroups.Conclusion ThePM2.5anditswater-solublefractioncouldinducecytotoxicand oxidative damage effects on the HBE cells.

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