Screening and promoting effect of grow-promoting fungi in rhizosphere of Angelica dahurica var. formosana / 中国中药杂志

Excessive application of chemical fertilizer has caused many problems in Angelica dahurica var. formosana planting, such as yield decline and quality degradation. In order to promote the green cultivation mode of A. dahurica var. formosana and explore rhizosphere fungus resources, the rhizosphere fungi with nitrogen fixation, phosphorus solubilization, potassium solubilization, iron-producing carrier, and IAA-producing properties were isolated and screened in the rhizosphere of A. dahurica var. formosana from the genuine and non-genuine areas, respectively. The strains were identified comprehensively in light of the morphological characteristics and ITS rDNA sequences, and the growth-promoting effect of the screened strains was verified by pot experiment. The results showed that 37 strains of growth-promoting fungi were isolated and screened from the rhizosphere of A. dahurica var. formosana, mostly belonging to Fusarium. The cultured rhizosphere growth-promoting fungi of A. dahurica var. formosana were more abundant and diverse in the genuine producing areas than in the non-genuine producing areas. Among all strains, Aspergillus niger ZJ-17 had the strongest growth promotion potential. Under the condition of no fertilization outdoors, ZJ-17 inoculation significantly promoted the growth, yield, and accumulation of effective components of A. dahurica var. formosana planted in the soil of genuine and non-genuine producing areas, with yield increases of 73.59% and 37.84%, respectively. To a certain extent, it alleviated the restriction without additional fertilization on the growth of A. dahurica var. formosana. Therefore, A. niger ZJ-17 has great application prospects in increasing yield and quality of A. dahurica var. formosana and reducing fertilizer application and can be actually applied in promoting the growth of A. dahurica var. formosana and producing biofertilizer.

Effect of Angelica dahurica coumarins on the transport behavior of puerarin across blood-brain barrier in vitro and in vivo / 药学学报

A BBB co-culture cell model consisting of rat brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMEC) and astrocytes (AS) was established to study the effect of Angelica dahurica coumarins on the transport behavior of puerarin across blood-brain barrier (BBB) in vitro and in vivo. The barrier function of this model was evaluated by measuring the transendothelial resistance, phenol red permeability and BBB related protein expression. The permeability assay and western blot methods were performed to study the effects of Angelica dahurica coumarins on the BBB permeability and the expression of BBB related protein. The animal experiment protocols in this study were approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Xi'an Jiaotong University (Animal Ethics No.: 2021-1329). The results showed that the established BMEC/AS co-culture model could be used to evaluate drug transport across BBB in vitro. After combined with Angelica dahurica coumarins, the transport capacity of puerarin was significantly increased in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, Angelica dahurica coumarins enhanced BBB permeability and inhibited the protein expression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp), zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) and occludin. Angelica dahurica coumarins might increase BBB permeability by inhibiting the expression of P-gp and tight junction protein, thereby increasing the content of puerarin in brain tissue.

Differential analysis of coumarins in Angelica dahurica from different origins / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To screen the differential components of coumarins in Angelica dahurica from two origins （A. dahurica cv.‘ Hangbaizhi’； A. dahurica cv.‘ Qibaizhi’）. METHODS Non-targeted metabolomics technique of UPLC-Q-Exactive- MS/MS was used to analyze the coumarins in 6 batches of A. dahurica cv. ‘Hangbaizhi’ and 12 batches of A. dahurica cv. ‘Qibaizhi’. The differential components were screened by principal component analysis， partial least squares discriminant analysis and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis. Cluster analysis was performed on differential components. RESULTS A total of 41 coumarins were identified in 18 batches of samples， in which 23 coumarins were differential components. Therein， 6 differential components were higher in content in A. dahurica cv.‘ Hangbaizhi’， while 17 differential components were higher in content in A. dahurica cv.‘ Qibaizhi’. The content of marmesin galactoside in A. dahurica cv.‘ Hangbaizhi’ was significantly higher than that in A. dahurica cv.‘ Qibaizhi’. Based on 23 differential components， A. dahurica cv.‘ Hangbaizhi’ and A. dahurica cv. ‘Qibaizhi’ could be grouped into one category， respectively. CONCLUSIONS The screened differential components of coumarins can be used to distinguish A. dahurica cv. ‘Hangbaizhi’ from A. dahurica cv. ‘Qibaizhi’， especially marmesin galactoside contributed the most， which can be used to identify A. dahurica cv.‘ Hangbaizhi’ and A. dahurica cv.‘ Qibaizhi’.

Seven new 3,4-dihydro-furanocoumarin derivatives from Angelica dahurica / 中草药·英文版

OBJECTIVE@#To study the chemical constituents of the roots of Angelica dahurica, a well-known Chinese herbal medicine named Baizhi in Chinese.@*METHODS@#Compounds were separated by various chromatographies, and the structures of new compounds were elucidated based on the analysis of their spectroscopic and spectrometric data (1D, 2D NMR, HRESI MS, IR, and UV). The absolute configurations of new compounds were determined by the calculated electronic circular dichroism and chemical derivatization. The inhibitory activities of all isolates against nitric oxide (NO) production were evaluated using lipopolysaccharide-activated RAW 264.7 macrophage cells.@*RESULTS@#Seven new 3,4-dihydro-furanocoumarin derivatives ( 1a/ 1b, 2a/ 2b, 3a/ 3b, 4) together with a known furanocoumarin ( 5) were isolated from the roots of A. dahurica. The new compounds included three pairs of enantiomers, (4S, 2''R)-angelicadin A ( 1a)/(4R, 2''S)-angelicadin A ( 1b), (4S, 2''S)-angelicadin A ( 2a)/(4R, 2''R)-angelicadin A ( 2b), and (4S, 2''S)-secoangelicadin A ( 3a)/(4R, 2''R)-secoangelicadin A ( 3b), together with (4R, 2''R)-secoangelicadin A methyl ester ( 4). The known xanthotoxol ( 5) inhibited the NO production with the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of (32.8 ± 0.8) µmol/L, but all the new compounds showed no inhibitory activities at the concentration of 100 µmol/L.@*CONCLUSION@#This is the first report of the discovery of 3,4-dihydro-furanocoumarins from A. dahurica. The results are not only meaningful for the understanding of the chemical constituents of A. dahurica, but also enrich the reservoir of natural products.

Effect of Angelica dahurica extract and imperatorin on gouty arthritis / 中国药理学通报

Aim To investigate the effects of Angelica dahurica extract and imperatorin on gouty arthritis induced by monosodium urate(MSU)crystal.Methods The model of gouty arthritis was established by injecting MSU crystals into the left ankle of rats.The degree of ankle swelling was measured at 0-24 h in rats.The histopathological changes of synovial tissues were observed.Meanwhile the mRNA and protein expression levels of Nod-like receptor protein 3(NLRP3), interleukin-1β(IL-1β), cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase-1(caspase-1), interleukin-1 receptor type 1(IL-1R1), interleukin-6(IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)were detected by Western blot and RT-PCR in synovial tissues.Results Angelica dahurica extract and imperatorin significantly reduced MSU induced left ankle swelling in rats, and improved inflammatory infiltration in synovial tissues.The expression of NLRP3, IL-1β, caspase-1, IL-1R1, IL-6, TNF-α protein or mRNA in synovial tissues decreased significantly.Conclusion Angelica dahurica extract and its active component imperatorin could ameliorate gouty arthritis, which supplys basic data support for its clinical application.

Study on quality standard of compound Yuhong suppository / 药学实践杂志

Objective To establish the quality standard of compound Yuhong suppository. Methods Angelica dahurica, colophony and Sophora flavescens Alt. were identified by thin layer chromatography（TLC）method. The contents of sulfadiazine and dyclonine hydrochloride were determined by HPLC with diode array detection method. The mobile phase was methanol-0.02 mol/L potassium dihydrogen phosphate (adjusted to pH 3.3 with phosphoric acid) for gradient elution. The detection wavelength was 280 nm for sulfadiazine and dyclonine hydrochloride. Results The three Chinese traditional medicines were identified by TLC with clear spots. The linear ranges of sulfadiazine and dyclonine hydrochloride were good in 12.40-99.20 μg/ml (r=0.999 9) and 2.56-20.48 μg/ml (r=0.999 9). The average recovery was (99.21±0.43) % (n=9) and (99.54±0.68) % (n=9). Conclusion This method is accurate, sensitive, and reproducible. It can be used as a standard method for the quality control of compound Yuhong suppository.

Bioinformatics and expression analysis on MYB-related family in Angelica dahurica var. formosana / 中国中药杂志

In recent years, the MYB-related gene family has been found pivotal in plant growth and development. MYB-related gene family in Angelica dahurica var. formosana was systematically investigated based on "Chuanzhi No. 2" through transcriptome database search and bioinformatics and the temporal and spatial expression patterns were analyzed through real-time fluorescence-based quantitative polymerase chain reaction(PCR). The results showed that 122 MYB-related proteins family were identified, mainly including the unstable hydrophilic proteins with good thermal stability. Most of the proteins were located in nuclei. The majority of the proteins had the structures of random coil and α-helix. Five MYB-related proteins family of A. dahurica var. formosana had membrane-binding domains. The conserved domain analysis of MYB-related proteins family of A. dahurica var. formosana showed that the MYB domains of genes in five subgroups, similar to 2 R-, 3 R-, and 4 R-MYB proteins, contained three evenly distributed Trp(W) residues in the MYB repeat sequence. The phylogenetic analysis of MYB-related proteins family in A. dahurica var. formosana and Arabidopsis thaliana showed that the MYB-related members were unevenly distributed in five subgroups, and A. thaliana and A. dahurica var. formosana had almost the same number of genes in the CCA1-like subgroup. There were differences in the number, type, and distribution of motifs contained in 122 encoded proteins. Transcription factors with similar branches had similar domains and motifs. The expression pattern analysis showed that the transcription factors AdMYB53, AdMYB83, and AdMYB89 responded to hormones to varying degrees, and they were highly expressed in leaves and responded quickly in roots. This study lays a foundation for further investigating the function of MYB-related transcription factors of A. dahurica var. formosana and solving the corresponding biological problems such as bolting early.

Analysis of volatile constituents and chemical relationship of cultivated and wild Angelica dahurica / 南方医科大学学报

OBJECTIVE@#To determine the volatile constituents and their contents in the roots of 5 cultivated Angelica dahurica and one wild A. dahurica and analyze the chemical relationship among the plants of A. dahurica.@*METHODS@#The essential oil was extracted from the roots of 5 cultivated plants of Angelica dahurica and one wild A. dahurica by water steam distillation. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to separate and identify all the volatile oil components in the extracts, and their relative contents were calculated with area normalization method. We also conducted clustering analysis and principal component analysis of the volatile oil components.@*RESULTS@#We identified a total of 81 compounds from the roots of the 6 plants of Angelica dahurica, including 27 in Chuanbaizhi (Angelica dahurica cv. 'Hangbaizhi'), 34 in Hangbaizhi (Angelica dahurica cv. 'Hangbaizhi'), 24 in Qibaizhi (Angelica dahurica cv. 'Qibaizhi'), 32 in Yubaizhi (Angelica dahurica cv.'Qibaizhi'), 28 in Bobahizhi (Angelica dahurica cv.'Qibaizhi'), and 34 in Xinganbaizhi (Angelica dahuirca). These compounds included, in the order of their relative contents (from high to low), alkanes, olefins, esters, organic acids and alcohols. Among the common components found in the roots of all the plants of A. dahurica, nonylcyclopropane, cyclododecane and hexadecanoic acid were identified as the volatile oil components that showed the highest relative contents. Clustering analysis of the volatile oil components showed that wild Angelica dahurica (Xing'anbaizhi) and the 5 cultivated Angelica dahurica (Chuanbaizhi, Hangbaizhi, Qibaizhi, Yubaizhi, Bobaizhi) could be divided into two groups, and the cultivated Angelica dahurica could be divided into two subgroups: Chuanbaizhi, Yubaizhi and Hangbahizhi were clustered in one subgroup, and Qibaizhi and Bobaizhi in another. The results of principal component analysis was consistent with those of clustering analysis.@*CONCLUSION@#The main volatile oil components and their contents vary among the 6 plants of A. dahurica. Nonylcyclopropane, cyclododecane and hexadecanoic acid are the most abundant volatile oil components in all the plants of A. dahurica, which can be divided into two clusters.

Studies on absorption and transportation of coumarins in Angelica dahurica 'Yubaizhi' across human intestinal epithelial by using human Caco-2 cell monolayers / 中国中药杂志

The absorption is the key to the resulted efficacy of orally administered drugs and the small intestine is the main site to absorb the orally administered drug. In this paper, internationally recognized human colon adenocarcinoma cell line(Caco-2) monola-yer model which can simulate small intestinal epithelial cell was used to comparatively study the absorption and transportation diffe-rences of total coumarins and main individual coumarin in Angelica dahurica 'Yubaizhi' by separately using 6-and 12-well plates. It was found that apparent permeability coefficient(P_(app)) values of oxypeucedanin hydrate, byakangelicin and phellopterin were at the quantitative degree of 1 × 10~(-5) cm·s~(-1) when the individual administration was conducted independently, indicating that they were well-absorbed compounds. P_(app) ratio of their bi-directional transportation was close to 1, indicating that they can be absorbed across Caco-2 monolayer by passive diffusion mechanism without carrier mediation during the transportation. The similar trend of transportation was also observed for imperatorin, isoimperatorin and bergapten. The P_(app) values of oxypeucedanin hydrate, byakangelicin and bergapten were at quantitative degree of 1 × 10~(-5) cm·s~(-1) when the administration of total coumarins in Angelica dahurica 'Yubaizhi' was conducted, indicating that they were well-absorbed compounds. The results were consistent with those of independent administration of individual coumarins. Whereas, the P_(app) values of imperatorin, phellopterin and isoimperatorin in the total coumarins decreased, indicating that the interaction between compounds may exist although the P_(app) value ratio of bi-directional transportation was between 0.5 and 1.5. The results laid the foundation for intestinal absorption study of Angelica dahurica 'Yubaizhi' coumarins in compound Chinese medicine.

Bioinformatics analysis and expression pattern of NAC transcription factor family of Angelica dahurica var. formosana from Sichuan province / 中国中药杂志

NAC(NAM/ATAF/CUC) protein plays an important role in plant growth and development, secondary cell wall formation and stress response. In this study, based on the sequencing data of Angelica dahurica, the NAC family was systematically analyzed using bioinformatics methods and its expression pattern was analyzed. Studies showed that 75 candidate genes had been selected from the NAC transcription factor family of A. dahurica, with the protein size of 148-641, all of which were unstable hydrophilic proteins. Most NAC proteins were localized in the nucleus, and had complete NAC domain. Phylogenetic analysis of NAC family proteins of A.dahurica and Arabidopsis thaliana showed that among the 17 subfamilies, NAC members were unevenly distributed in each subfamily, indicating that the evolution of species is developing in multiple directions. Among them, ANAC063 subfamily contained no NAC sequence of A. dahurica, which might be due to the functional evolution of the species. Analysis of protein transmembrane structure and signal peptide showed that NAC transcription factor could carry out transmembrane transportation, but its signal peptide function had not been found. Expression analysis showed that most transcription factors responded to abiotic stress and hormones to varying degrees, and the effects of hormones were obvious, especially ABA and IAA. In different organs of A. dahurica, most members of the NAC family had higher expression in root phloem, followed by root xylem. This study lays a foundation for further research on the function of A. dahurica NAC transcription factor and for solving the biological problems of A. dahurica.

Effect and mechanism of Angelica dahurica extract on promoting neovascularization maturation of diabetic ulcer / 中草药

Objective: To study the effect and mechanism of Angelica dahurica extract (AD) on neovascularization maturation in db/db mice. Methods: Forty-eight 8-week-old male db/db mice were randomly divided into model group and A. dahurica extract-treated group, and 24 littermate male db/m mice were set as control group. A mouse model of diabetic ulcer was prepared by punching the back. The A. dahuricae extract-treated group was administered with AD 1.8 g/kg ig, and control group and model group were ig administered with the same amount of normal saline for 21 d. The healing condition of mouse wounds was recorded at 2, 4, 7, 11, 14 and 21 d after trauma. The number and maturation of new blood vessels in wound tissues was observed by HE, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence staining at 11 d after trauma. Expression of fork head transcription factor (FOXO1) and angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) in wound tissues were detected by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. According to different intervention conditions in vitro, endothelial cells were divided into normal glucose and hypoxia group, high glucose and hypoxia group, hypertonic and hypoxic group, high glucose and hypoxia + A. dahurica extract-treated group. Endothelial cells were co-cultured with pericytes under different intervention conditions, and the effects of A. dahurica intervention on endothelial cells' chemotaxis and tubular structure formation in vitro under high glucose and hypoxia were observed. Western blotting was used to detect the levels of FOXO1, p-FOXO1 and Ang-2 proteins and their upstream protein kinase B (Akt) and phosphorylation protein changes in wound tissues and endothelial cells. Results: The wound healing rate of the A. dahurica extract-treated group, the general recovery of the wound, the number of blood vessels and the maturation of new blood vessels in the wound tissue were significantly better than the model group (P < 0.05). FOXO1 and Ang-2 protein expression levels in the A. dahurica extract-treated group were significantly higher than the model group (P < 0.05); p-Akt and p-FOXO1 protein expression in the A. dahurica extract-treated group were lower than model group (P < 0.05). After A. dahurica intervention in endothelial cells under high glucose and hypoxia in vitro, the expression levels of FOXO1 and Ang-2 protein in the cells were significantly reduced (P < 0.05), p-Akt and p-FOXO1 protein expression were significantly increased (P < 0.05); In addition, A. dahurica extract could increase the chemotaxis of endothelial cells to pericytes under high glucose and hypoxia and promote the formation of tubular structures of endothelial cells and pericytes in vitro under high glucose and hypoxia. Conclusion: A. dahurica extract can promote the formation and maturation of neovascularization, so as to improve the rate and quality of wound healing in db/db mice. The mechanism may be related to the down-regulation of FOXO1/Ang-2 pathway, the recruitment of endothelial cells to pericytes, and the promotion of the maturation of wound new blood vessels.

Habitat suitability evaluation for Angelica dahurica planting in Yanting county,Sichuan province based on GIS / 中国中药杂志

It is of great significance to analyze habitable suitability of genuine medicinal materials for Chinese herbal medicine planting according to local environment,for medicinal resources protecting and for reasonable planning introduction. Based on GIS technology,the analytic hierarchy process was applied to analyze the spatial differentiation of habitat suitability of Angelica dahurica in Yanting county of Sichuan province. The evaluation combined local geographical environment characteristics and habitat requirements for A. dahurica planting and adopted the expert experience method to screen out the evaluation index for establishing evaluation system.With the established evaluation system,the index weight of evaluating index was determined by analytic hierarchy process and their grouping values were assigned by Delphi method. The all evaluating index were translated into index distribution maps using Arc GIS software. Using the comprehensive factor weighted evaluating model and spatial index distribution map,the evaluation was obtained by means of the overlay analysis function of Arc GIS 10. 3 software. RESULTS:: showed that A. dahurica had a wide range of suitable planting areas in Yanting county. Highly suitable areas amounted to 165. 01 km2,and mainly distributed in the low hilly area with moderate elevation and fertile soil. Moderately suitable areas amounted to 798. 92 km2 which had extensive distribution in middle and west part of the county. Marginally suitable areas amounted to 0. 33 km2,where the soil was highly viscous with high altitude and low temperature that was not conducive to the growth and development of A. dahurica. Adapting to local conditions and scientific planning plays an important role in the development of local characteristic planting industry of genuine medicinal materials.

Quantitative determination of nine furanocoumarins for quality evaluation of Angelica dahurica from different habitats / 中国中药杂志

A UPLC method has been developed for simultaneous determination of nine furanocoumarins of Angelica dahurics,and was used for quality evaluation of A. dahurica from different habitats. ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 chromatographic column was employed,the separation was performed with the mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile and water,and the detection wavelength was set at254 nm. This method was used to simultaneously determine the content of xanthotoxol,oxypeucedaninhydrate,byak-angelicin,psoralen,xanthotoxin,bergapten,oxypeucedanin,imperatorin and isoimperatorin in A. dahurica from different habitats. Then,the further quality assessment of the drug was carried out by similarity evaluation,cluster analysis( CA),principal component analysis( PCA),and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis( OPLS-DA). The content order of measured furanocoumarins from high to low was: oxypeucedanin>imperatorin>isoimperatorin>oxypeucedaninhydrate>bergapten>byak-angelicin>xanthotoxin>xanthotoxol>psoralen,with the mean content 2. 844,1. 277,0. 649 2,0. 216 2,0. 129 8,0. 062 68,0. 052 68,0. 019 30,0. 018 19 mg·g-1,respectively. There were difference between the batches of the drug,and the quality was influenced by smouldering sulphur based on the results of chemical pattern recognition and content determination. Finally,six active ingredients were recognized as the quality makers using OPLS-DA method. The validated UPLC fingerprint combined with chemical pattern recognition method can be used in the quality control and evaluation of A. dahurica.

New coumarin glucopyranosides from roots of Angelica dahurica / 中草药·英文版

Objective: To investigate the chemical constituents from the roots of Angelica dahurica. Methods: The chemical constituents were isolated and purified by AB-8 macroporous adsorption resin and Sephadex LH-20 column as well as semi-preparative reversed phase HPLC. The chemical structures were identified by spectral data. Results: Ten compounds were isolated and identified as xanthoarnol-3′-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (1), angedahuricoside A (2), angedahuricoside B (3), isofraxidin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (4), fraxidin-8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (5), (-)-marmesinin (6), (2′S,3′R)-3′-hydroxymarmesinin (7), hyuganoside V (8), daucosterol (9), and sucrose (10). Conclusion: Compounds 1–3 are new ones and compounds 4–6 and 8 are obtained from title plant for the first time.

Mechanism of simplified formula of Tuoli Xiaodu Powder in promoting of diabetic wound healing based on molecular docking and network pharmacology / 中草药

Objective: To investigate the active ingredients and molecular mechanism of Astragalus membranaceus var. mongholicus, Angelica sinensis, Angelicae dahurica, and Gleditsia sinensis in Tuoli Xiaodu Powder in promoting of diabetic wound healing. Methods: UPLC-Q-TOF/MS in positive and negative ion modes was applied to analyze the components in the ethanol extract from Tuoli Xiaodu Powder. Molecular docking technology was used to predict the targets proteins of these components. The function and pathway annotations of target proteins were performed through relevant databases such as Uniprot and KEGG. The drug components-target-function diagram was constructed using Cytoscape software. Results: Twenty-eight compounds containing flavonoids, saponins, coumarins, alkaloids, and triterpenoids were identified in positive and negative ion modes. Among these compounds, 17 compounds could interact with 17 target proteins, and there were 210 pairs of component-target relationships by analyzing the results of molecular docking. Among them, five targets were related to immune regulation, six targets were related to antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects, six targets were related to cell differentiation, 10 targets were related to cell migration, six targets were related to angiogenesis, two targets were related to stimulation of epithelial growth factor, six targets were related to vasodilation, and two targets were related to estrogen. Conclusion: The flavonoids, saponins, coumarins, steroids, and triterpenoids contained in the simplified formula possess many biological effects such as antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, immune regulation, and angiogenesis. These functions may be related to its modulation of NF-κB, PI3K/Akt/eNOS, and MAPK pathway through regulating NF-κB, MAPK, PI3K, and ERK2 targets.

Study on compatibility rationality and comparative advantage of analgesic effect of Yuanhu Zhitong Dropping Pills on dysmenorrhea model / 药物评价研究

Objective To observe compatibility rationality and comparative advantage of analgesic effect of Yuanhu Zhitong Dropping Pills (YZDP) compared with its ingredient and Yueyueshu through dysmenorrhea model induced by oxytocin.Methods Using dysmenorrhea model induced by ip injection of oxytocin to observe the effect of YZDP,Corydalis extract and Angelica dahurica extract on the latency and times of writhing response,and ELISA method was used to test the level of factors associated with pain in plasma,including 5-serotonin (5-HT),norepinephrine (NA),β-endorphin (β-EP),prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α） and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2),and level of dopamine (DA) in brain tissue.Q value was calculated by prime probability addition method,and according to whether the Q value was greater than one to determine whether the effects of YZDP was better than that of single component.Results Compared with model group,YZDP,Corydalis extract and Angelica dahurica extract could significantly prolong the latency of writhing response,decrease writhing times (P ＜ 0.05,0.01 and 0.001),and the Q values were greater than one.Compared with Yueyueshu,effect of Yuanhuzhitong dropping pills was significantly increased (P ＜ 0.05 and 0.01).YZDP and Corydalis extract could increase the level of β-EP as well as PGE2,and decrease the level of 5-HT,NA,DA,PGF2α and the ratio of PGF2α to PGE2 obviously in dysmenorrhea model rats (P ＜ 0.05,0.01 and 0.001).A.dahurica extract can significantly reduce 5-HT and DA level (P ＜ 0.05,0.01).Q values of β-EP,NA,DA and PGE2 were greater than one.Compared with Yueyueshu,YZDP increased the levels of β-EP and PGE2,and decreased the levels of 5-HT,PGF2α and PGF2α/PGE2 significantly (P ＜ 0.05 and 0.01).Conclusion YZDP has significant analgesic effect on dysmenorrhea model and has compatibility rationality because of better analgesic effect than ingredient use only.Compared with Yueyueshu,YZDP has the characteristic of working early and better analgesic effect.

Simultaneous determination of 23 plant growth regulator residues in Chinese materia medica by ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry / 中草药

Objective: To establish an ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method for the simultaneous determination of 23 plant growth regulator (PGR) residues in Chinese materia medica (CMM). Methods: Samples were extracted with acetontrile, and then determined by UPLC-MS/MS directly without further clean up. The matrix-matched external standard method was used for quantitative analysis. Results: The calibration curves showed good linearity in each range with correlation coefficients greater than 0.99. The limits of detection (LODs) were 0.01-20.80 ng/mL for the 23 PGRs spiked in Codonopsis pilosula and Angelica dahurica. The recoveries of the 23 PGRs spiked in C. pilosula and A. dahurica at three levels of 0.01, 0.04, and 0.1 mg/kg were in the range of 71.0%-101.4%, the relative standard deviation (RSDs) were 0.8%-15.2%. Commonly used CMM including eight species (63 batches) was analyzed by this method. Conclusion: The method proved to be simple, rapid, sensitive, accurate, and suitable for the simultaneous determination of 23 PGR residues in CMM

Study on compatibility rationality and comparative advantage of analgesic effect of Yuanhu Zhitong Dropping Pills on dysmenorrhea model / 药物评价研究

Objective To observe compatibility rationality and comparative advantage of analgesic effect of Yuanhu Zhitong Dropping Pills (YZDP) compared with its ingredient and Yueyueshu through dysmenorrhea model induced by oxytocin.Methods Using dysmenorrhea model induced by ip injection of oxytocin to observe the effect of YZDP,Corydalis extract and Angelica dahurica extract on the latency and times of writhing response,and ELISA method was used to test the level of factors associated with pain in plasma,including 5-serotonin (5-HT),norepinephrine (NA),β-endorphin (β-EP),prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α） and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2),and level of dopamine (DA) in brain tissue.Q value was calculated by prime probability addition method,and according to whether the Q value was greater than one to determine whether the effects of YZDP was better than that of single component.Results Compared with model group,YZDP,Corydalis extract and Angelica dahurica extract could significantly prolong the latency of writhing response,decrease writhing times (P ＜ 0.05,0.01 and 0.001),and the Q values were greater than one.Compared with Yueyueshu,effect of Yuanhuzhitong dropping pills was significantly increased (P ＜ 0.05 and 0.01).YZDP and Corydalis extract could increase the level of β-EP as well as PGE2,and decrease the level of 5-HT,NA,DA,PGF2α and the ratio of PGF2α to PGE2 obviously in dysmenorrhea model rats (P ＜ 0.05,0.01 and 0.001).A.dahurica extract can significantly reduce 5-HT and DA level (P ＜ 0.05,0.01).Q values of β-EP,NA,DA and PGE2 were greater than one.Compared with Yueyueshu,YZDP increased the levels of β-EP and PGE2,and decreased the levels of 5-HT,PGF2α and PGF2α/PGE2 significantly (P ＜ 0.05 and 0.01).Conclusion YZDP has significant analgesic effect on dysmenorrhea model and has compatibility rationality because of better analgesic effect than ingredient use only.Compared with Yueyueshu,YZDP has the characteristic of working early and better analgesic effect.

Chemical constituents from lipophilic parts in roots of Angelica dahurica cv.Yubaizhi / 中国中药杂志

The chemical constituents from lipophilic parts in the roots of Angelica dahurica cv. Yubaizhi were studied in this paper. The compounds were separated and purified by repeated column chromatographic methods on silica gel and HPLC, and the chemical structures of compounds were determined by spectral data analyses. Thirty-three compounds were obtained and identified as isoimperatorin (1), imperatorin (2), stigmasterol (3), isooxypeucedanin (4), pabulenol (5), psoralen (6), bergapten (7), isodemethylfuropinarine (8), phellopterin (9), osthenol (10), alloimperatorin (11), xanthotoxin (12), xanthotoxol (13), isopimpinellin (14), alloisoimperatorin (15), β-sitosterol (16), oxyalloimperatorin (17), pabularinone (18), 5-hydroxy-8-methoxypsoralen (19), columbianetin (20), heracol (21), isogosferol (22), 2″R-neobyakangelicol (23), byakangelicin ethoxide (24), byakangelicin (25), oxypeucedanin hydrate (26), uracil (27), umbelliferone (28), bergaptol (29), demethylfuropinarine (30), isobyakangelicol (31), oxypeucedanin ethanolate (32), heraclenol (33). Among them, compounds 8, 10, 17, 21, and 30 were obtained from the roots of title plant for the first time.

Chemical constituents from ethyl acetate soluble parts in roots of Angelica dahurica var. formosana / 中草药

Objective: To study the chemical constituents of ethyl acetate soluble parts in 70% ethanol aqueous extract from the roots of Angelica dahurica var. formosana. Methods: The compounds were separated and purified by repeated column chromatography on silica gel and HPLC, and their structures were determined by spectroscopic data analyses of MS and NMR. Results: Forty-two compounds were obtained and identified as imperatorin (1), phellopterin (2), bergaptol (3), heraclenol (4), falcarindiol (5), isoimperatorin (6), byakangelicin (7), psoralen (8), bergapten (9), isogosferol (10), japoangelol A (11), atractylenolactam (12), columbianadin (13), 5-hydroxy-8-methoxypsoralen (14), (8E)-1,8-heptadecadiene-4,6-diyne-3,10-diol (15), pabulenol (16), byakangelicin ethoxide (17), isobyakangelicol (18), umbelliferone (19), xanthotoxol (20), osthole (21), alloimperatorin (22), 5-(2- acetoxy-3-hydroxy-3-methylbutoxy) psoralen (23), oxypeucedanin hydrate (24), oxypeucedanin ethanolate (25), alloisoimperatorin (26), pabularinone (27), oxyalloimperatorin (28), isooxypeucedanin (29), adenine (30), trans-ferulic acid (31), vanillic acid (32), 2-ethoxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-ethanol (33), suberosin (34), isopimpinellin (35), xanthotoxin (36), ulopterol (37), 2,4- dihydroxybenzoic acid methylate (38), scoparone (39), swietenol (40), marmesin (41), and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (42), respectively. Conclusion: Except for the compounds 1, 3, 6, 7, 10, 13, 14, 16, 21, 24, and 26, other compounds were isolated from the roots of A. dahurica var. formosana for the first time.