ABSTRACT
This study was conceived to investigate the composition of four essential oils (EOs) extracted by hydrodistillation from four parts (leaves, stems, leaves/stems, roots) of Artemisia herba-alba growing wild in the Center of Tunisia. For this, Artemisia herba-alba aerial and roots parts were shade dried with ventilation at room temperature. Then, plant different parts were cut into small pieces and subjected to hydrodistillation using a Clevenger-type apparatus. The gas chromatography (GC) analyses were accomplished with a HP-5890 Series II instrument. The main results showed a total of 152 compounds detected and identified by GC and GC-MS and accounting for 91.3-99.7% of the whole oil. The four oils were characterized by the predominance of monoterpene derivatives (68.2-99.5%) and the major volatile constituent was α-thujone (18.2-45.5%). Qualitative and quantitative differences between the four essential oils have been noted for some compounds. The main compounds of leaves essential oil were α-Thujone (45.5%), β-Thujone (11.4%), trans-sabinyl acetate (10.1%), 1,8-Cineole (7.4%) and camphor (6.8%). α-Thujone (27.5%) was also the main compound in the essential oil of leaves/stems, followed by camphor (22.9%), 1,8-cineole (8.3%), β-thujone (8.2%) and camphene (5.6%). The essential oil of stems was dominated by α-Thujone (28%) followed by β-Thujone (11.4%) and chrysantenone (11%). In the essential oil of roots, α-thujone was less represented (18.2%), followed by camphor (14.6%) and curcumen-15-al (14.3%). It is important to mention that curcumen-15-al has been reported for the first time in Artemisia herba-alba oil Our results revealed avariability in the chemical composition and the yield of the EOs from Artemisia herba-alba. Moreover, curcumen-15-al is a new chemotype first found in Artemisia herba-alba from Tunisia.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To investigate some pharmacological effects including gastroprotective, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic and in vitro antioxidant effects of Artemisia herba-alba extract in different experimental models. Methods: Inflammation was induced in rat paw by subcutaneous injection of 1% (v/v) carrageenan solution. Writhes was induced in mice by intraperitoneal injection of 0.6% (v/v) acetic acid solution. Pyrexia was induced using Brewer's yeast suspension. Gastric lesion was induced in rats by oral administration of 99% ethanol. The anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic and gastroprotective activities of Artemisia herba-alba extract were investigated respectively. In vitro antioxidant effect was investigated using DPPH free radical. Results: The plant extract showed anti-inflammatory effect in carrageenan-induced paw edema in rats, analgesic effect against acetic acid-induced writhing, and antipyretic activity in Brewer's yeast model of pyrexia. Besides, it was shown to be a gastroprotective agent against ethanol-induced gastric ulcers. The plant also exhibited a free radical scavenging potential in an in vitro antioxidant study using DPPH. Conclusions: The results validate the use of the investigated plant in traditional medicine for different ailments.
ABSTRACT
Aims: The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of essential oil of wild Artemisia herba-alba grown in south Jordan on biofilm-forming bacteria. Study Design: Seven bacterial clinical isolates were used in this study. Biofilm formation was first quantified in microtitre plates. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and biofilm inhibitory concentration (BIC) assays were performed in microtitre plates using a two fold dilution series. The most tolerant isolate were then used to test the effectiveness of Artemisia herba-alba essential oil on initial adherence to polystyrene surface. Place and Duration of Study: Faculty of Medicine, Mutah University, Mutah, Jordan; Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan; and Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Albalqa' Applied university, Albalqa, Al-Salt, Jordan. Between August 2012 and June 2014. Methodology: Using a microtitre plate assay we measured inhibitory adherence effect for Artemisia herba-alba essential oil against seven biofilm-forming bacterial clinical isolates. Results: Artemisia herba-alba essential oil produced inhibitory effects against all isolates and susceptibility varied considerably. The MIC values were found to be in the range of 0.5-4% v/v. In addition Artemisia herba-alba essential oil was able to inhibit initial adherence in the most tolerant isolate (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) at sub-inhibitory concentrations. Conclusions: Artemisia herba-alba essential oil showed a significant activity against all isolates. It was able to inhibit initial adherence in the most tolerant isolate at sub-inhibitory concentrations.
ABSTRACT
Artemisinin has received considerable attention in the last few decades as the current drug of choice for treatment of malaria and a number of other diseases. Because of the development of resistance against other malarial drugs, the demand for artemisinin has rapidly increased during the past decade. However, the supply of artemisinin is troublesome as neither total nor semi-synthesis is economically feasible and the only plant species known to produce artemisinin, Artemisia annua L., contains only low amounts of this compound ranging from (0.01-0.6%) of dry weight. The wish to improve the overall supply of artemisinin at a reduced market price has encouraged interest to hit upon novel plant sources for artemisinin production as alternative to A. annua. In our current study a fingerprint profile method was developed for the detection and quantification of artemisinin and its related analogues in the methanolic extract of Artemisia monosperma and Artemisia herba alba using a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with diode-array detector (DAD) and ion trap mass spectrometry. Artemisinin, dihydroartemisinin (α and β isomers), artemisitene, dihydroartemisinic aldehyde, dihydroartemisinic acid, dihydroartemisinic alcohol were detected and quantified in the methanolic extract of Artemisia monosperma using LC-MS peak at concentrations of 3.6, 1.9, 0.27, 0.06, 0.08 and 1.95 % of dry plant weight respectively in addition to the detection of arteannuin B and artemisinic acid at a trace levels. While artemisinin, artemisitene, dihydroartemisinic acid, and artemisinic acid were detected and quantified in the methanolic extract of Artemisia herba alba at concentrations of 4.9, 0.35, 0.08 and 0.04 % of dry plant weight respectively . The high unexpected concentration of artemisinin and some of its related analogues detected in this study reported Artemisia herba alba and Artemisia monosperma for the first time as a novel potential plant sources for artemisinin and some of its related analogues that may be helpful for its commercial pharmaceutical production and could lead to the improvement of the overall supply of artemisinin at a reduced market price offering an acceptable price for most patients.especially that these Artemisia species are abundant in distribution in Egyptian desert.
ABSTRACT
Artemisia herba-alba Asso., Asteraceae, is widely used in Morrocan folk medicine for the treatment of different health disorders. However, no scientific or medical studies were carried out to assess the cytotoxicity of A. herba-alba essential oil against cancer cell lines. In this study, eighteen volatile compounds were identified by GC-MS analysis of the essential oil obtained from the plant's aerial parts. The main volatile constituent in A. herba-alba was found to be a monoterpene, Verbenol, contributing to about 22 percent of the total volatile components. The essential oil showed significant antiproliferative activity against the acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (CEM) cell line, with 3 µg/mL as IC50 value. The anticancer bioactivity of Moroccan A. herba-alba essential oil is described here for the first time.