Simultaneous determination of nine components of Scutellaria Baicalensis in different habitats and growth years by HPLC / 中草药

Objective To establish an HPLC method for simultaneous determination of nine main chemical constituents in Scutellaria baicalensis (scutellarin, baicalin, scutellarin, wogonoside, apigenin, baicalein, wogonin, aspen, and melaleuca (A). Methods 0.5 g powders of S. baicalensis was extracted two times by ethanol (each for 30 min), and the extracts were merged into 50 mL. Separation was carried out on Ultrasil C18 chromatography column (250 mm × 4.6 μm, 5 μm), by using acetonitrile-0.1% formic acid water as the flow phase for gradient elution; with volume flow at 1 mL/min, detection wavelength at 274 nm and column temperature at 30 ℃. Results The linear relation of nine main active components measured in the range of mass concentration was good with perfect precision, repeatability and stability, the r value of which was all more than 0.999 5. The average recovery rate was 95.94%-99.88%, RSD was 0.68%-1.90%. Conclusion The HPLC method established for the simultaneous determination of nine main chemical compositions in S. baicalensis is accurate, simple, sensitive and specific, which can provide references for the quality evaluation of S. baicalensis.

Comparación de la valoración global subjetiva y valoración global subjetiva modificada con marcadores antropométricos y de laboratorio para la detección de riesgo de malnutrición en pacientes críticamente enfermos / Comparation between subjective global assessment and modified subjective global assessment with anthropometric and laboratory markers for detecting risk of malnutrition in critically ill patients / Comparação da avaliação subjetiva global e avaliação global subjetiva modificada com marcadores antropométricos e de laboratório para detecção do risco de desnutrição em pacientes em estado crítico

Resumen: La malnutrición es un problema importante en pacientes ambulatorios y hospitalizados, especialmente en el área de cuidados intensivos. Hay varias escalas para diagnosticar la malnutrición que generalmente requieren medidas complicadas y/o la toma de biomarcadores. La valoración global subjetiva es una escala que ayuda al clínico a valorar la malnutrición de manera sencilla y al pie de la cama y que ofrece buena correlación con los estudios mencionados. Han sido necesarios ajustes en la valoración para adaptarla a ciertos grupos de pacientes. La valoración nutricional subjetiva modificada en nuestra unidad puede ser de utilidad para el diagnóstico correcto y para guiar la conducta terapéutica. Para su obtención se comparó con los dos parámetros más sensibles para el diagnóstico de malnutrición y su escala original.

Abstract: Malnutrition is an importantproblem among ambulatory and hospitalized patients, specially en the setting of Intensive Care Units. There are several scales for diagnosing malnutrition, that require complicated measures and/or the use of biomarkers. The Subjective Global Assessment es a tool that help the clinician to assess malnutrition in a very simple way at the bedside, and offers a good correlation with the aforementioned trials. Adjustments in the Subjective Global Assessment have been made in order to make it fit to certain group of patients. The Modified Subjective Gobal Assessment in our facilities may be useful for correct diagnosis and therapeutic guidance. To assess this new scale it was compared with the two most sensible parameters for the malnutrition diangosis and its original scale.

Resumo: A desnutrição é um problema importante entre os pacientes ambulatoriais e hospitalizados, especialmente na unidade de terapia intensiva. Existem várias escalas para o diagnóstico de desnutrição que exigem medidas complicadas e/ou o uso de biomarcadores. A avaliação subjetiva global é uma ferramenta que ajuda o clínico a avaliar a desnutrição de uma maneira muito simples e à beira do leito, que oferece uma boa correlação com os estudos acima mencionados. Ajustes na avaliação subjetiva global foram feitos a fim de ajustá-lo a determinado grupo de pacientes. A avaliação nutricional subjetiva em nossas instalações pode ser útil para o diagnóstico correto e orientação terapêutica. Para avaliar esta nova escala comparamos com os dois parâmetros mais sensíveis para o diagnóstico de desnutrição e sua escala original.

Technical Evaluation of Selexol-Based CO2 Capture Process for a Cement Plant.

Cement industry accounts for the second largest emitter of anthropogenic greenhouse gas in the globe with 900 kg CO2 emitted into the atmosphere from producing one tonne of cement. Hence, the effort made to mitigate this issue seems not productive , which gives rise to the design of the carbon capture and sequestration [CCS] process which is one of the few ways obtained to greatly reduce CO2 production from the cement plant. The research work assessed the technology used for the cement plant by employing an old cement plant with post-combustion CO2 capture using physical solvent (Selexol). The Aspen Hysys simulation results show that the process can capture 97% of the CO2 and lean loading of 0.37. The Ashaka Cement Plant operates at maximum capacity of approx. 1 million tonnes cement /year with CO2 released at about 500,000 tonnes per year. The capture unit was able to reduce the CO2 released into the atmosphere from 4.86% to 0.13%. The overall result of the analysis shows that selexol has proven to be thermally and chemically stable under the operating conditions used. It is recommended that, the simulation results should be retrofitted into the Ashaka cement plant, in order to determine the best CO2 capture efficiency, performance which results to the choice of this capture technology.

El priapismo en la drepanocitosis / Priapism related to drepanocytemia

El priapismo es una erección del pene anormal, prolongada y dolorosa, no relacionada con el deseo sexual. La mayoría de los pacientes afectados presentan el denominado priapismo isquémico que puede tener importantes repercusiones sobre la función eréctil. La incidencia en los enfermos con drepanocitosis es mayor del 40 % y su manejo así como su profilaxis, tienen particularidades que aún hoy son objetos de investigación y controversias. La hidroxiurea puede ser útil en el tratamiento preventivo de esta complicación, aunque la dosis diaria puede ser un poco mayor de la usada habitualmente en estos enfermos.

Priapism is an abnormal, lengthy and painful penis erection non-related to sexual desire. Most of patients affected have the so-called ischemic priapism with significant repercussions on erectile function. Incidence of patients presenting with drepanocytemia is higher than 40% and its management as well as its prophylaxis have distinctive features that even today are a matter of research and controversies. Hydroxyurea may be useful in preventive treatment of this complication, although the daily dose may be a bit higher than usual in these patients.

A study on the provision of TPN for hospitalized patients

In Korea, implementation of nutrition support guidelines has been limited due to strict health insurance reimbursement policies as well as the lack of consensus on the best approach to TPN management. We examined the impact of TPN provision to hospitalized patients where NST (nutrition support team ) consultations were not requested by their primary physicians. The study showed the followings : 1. The median dutation of TPN provision was 8 days, but many patients were on TPN for less than 1 week. 2. The intake of energy and protein were less than the patient's requirements 3. Lipid emulsion was not provided to the most TPN patients. In conclusion, the role of NST should be expanded and studies are needed not only on TPN formulations which are suitable to Koreans but also on the cost-effectiveness of NST activities. TPN policies and protocols should be established based on the needs of each hospital.