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1.
Rev. cuba. med. trop ; 67(2): 0-0, mayo.-ago. 2015. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: lil-769445

ABSTRACT

Introducción: en el año 2013 se comenzó a aplicar una nueva estrategia de algoritmo de diagnóstico serológico de la infección por el Virus de Inmunodeficiencia Humana (VIH), descentralizándose la primera etapa del proceso de diagnóstico confirmatorio lo que implica un mayor protagonismo a los Centros Provinciales de Higiene, Epidemiología y Microbiología (CPHEM). El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo evaluar el desempeño de los CPHEM en el Programa de Evaluación Externa de la Calidad en el período de 2012 al 2013. Métodos: se analizaron cinco rondas de paneles de sueros conformados por siete muestras con diferentes perfiles serológicos previamente caracterizadas. La evaluación se realizó mediante el cálculo del índice de calidad y se estimó la correspondencia entre los resultados esperados y los obtenidos. Para la determinación de la precisión, se calculó el coeficiente de variación de los resultados de 20 réplicas ensayadas de una misma muestra en una misma corrida (intralaboratorio) y en corridas diferentes (interlaboratorio). Resultados: todos los laboratorios participaron en el PEEC, excepto cuatro de ellos que dejaron de responder a algunos envíos, lo que afectó el porcentaje de participación. Desde el punto de vista cualitativo el desempeño de los laboratorios que participaron fue excelente, sin embargo se detectaron variaciones al determinar la precisión. Resultó llamativo que los laboratorios C y G presentaron una escasa participación y en ambos casos los resultados enviados estuvieron por encima del valor máximo permisible. Conclusiones: se demostró que no todos los laboratorios dan prioridad al PEEC, a pesar de ser un requisito de obligatorio cumplimiento en la Regulación 3-2009. Se apreció que detrás de un resultado cualitativo excelente, se pueden ocultar variaciones que permiten alertar sobre posibles errores sistemáticos, que de manera preventiva pudieran solucionarse para lograr resultados confiables en esta etapa de la descentralización del diagnóstico confirmatorio del VIH en Cuba(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Serologic Tests/methods , HIV Infections/diagnosis , Public Health Laboratory Services , Quality Assurance, Health Care , Employee Performance Appraisal
2.
Univ. psychol ; 13(1): 369-380, ene.-mar. 2014. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-726984

ABSTRACT

La autorregulación es un componente de la metacognición que se relaciona con el aprendizaje eficaz. Esto puede ser especialmente relevante en entornos de desventaja social. Por ello, los objetivos de este trabajo son: (a) comprobar si la enseñanza de estrategias de autorregulación a niños pequeños con desventaja social, mejora sus habilidades de resolución de tareas; (b) evaluar la eficacia de un programa de enseñanza de estrategias de autorregulación, desde la perspectiva del profesorado. Se trabajó con una muestra de 43 sujetos con edades comprendidas entre 5 y 7 años. Los resultados indican que existen mejoras significativas, antes-después de la aplicación del programa, en habilidades: atencionales, de planificación manifiesta guiada y autónoma, de planificación encubierta y de autoevaluación en la resolución de problemas cognitivos y sociales. Paralelamente, el profesorado considera que el programa ha mejorado, en sus alumn os: los niveles atencionales y la generalización de las estrategias a otras actividades curriculares. En consecuencia, se considera, al programa de enseñanza en estrategias de autorregulación, una herramienta efectiva y motivadora para la docencia en entor nos de compensación educativa (niños pequeños en desventaja social).


Self-regulation is a component of metacognition that is related to effective learning. This may be especially relevant in social disadvantaged environments. The objectives of this work are: (a) To check whether the teaching of self-regulation strategies to young children with social disadvantage, improves their problem solving skills; (b) To evaluate the effectiveness of a self-regulation strategies teaching program from the teachers' perspective. For this purpose, a sample of 43 subjects aged between 5 and 7 was used. The results indicate that there are significant differences in skills involving attention, guided and autonomous state planning, covert planning and self-evaluation in cognitive and social problem-solving. Similarly, teachers consider that the program improved attention levels and generalization of strategies towards other curricular activities in their pupils. Consequently, the self-regulation strategies teaching program is considered as an effective and motivating tool for teaching in compensatory education environments (socially disadvantaged children).


Subject(s)
Education, Primary and Secondary , Metacognition , Learning
3.
Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal ; (24): 1448-1450, 2014.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-859948

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the quality of Xueshuantong injections and the feasibility of the current legal quality standards through testing 84 batches of samples from five factories.

4.
Acta bioquím. clín. latinoam ; 44(3): 347-352, jul.-set. 2010. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-633124

ABSTRACT

Se valoró el impacto del Programa de Evaluación Externa de la Calidad, aplicable a laboratorios clínicos en el área de Química Clínica, en México, con base en resultados obtenidos por los laboratorios durante el ciclo marzo 2008-febrero 2009 y el periodo 2004-2008, mediante un estudio analítico, longitudinal y retrospectivo de los resultados obtenidos por los laboratorios que participaron en el Programa de Evaluación Externa de la Calidad de la Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí. El análisis estadístico se realizó con los programas Microsoft® Office Excel y Epi Info T. El porcentaje de laboratorios clínicos con desempeño aceptable (excelente y bueno) por analito, durante el ciclo de evaluación marzo 2008-febrero 2009, fue del 75% al 82%, que aumentó cuando se utilizaron métodos automatizados y semiautomatizados. Para el periodo 2004-2008, los laboratorios en 2004 tuvieron 3,02 veces mayor riesgo de no calificar con desempeño aceptable (p<0,05) que en 2008. En conclusión, el Programa de Evaluación Externa de la Calidad de la Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, ha tenido un impacto favorable en el desempeño global de los laboratorios clínicos, que permite asegurar su calidad analítica.


The impact of the External Quality Assessment Program, applicable to clinical laboratories in the area of Clinical Chemistry in Mexico, was studied, based on laboratory results during the March 2008-February 2009 cycle and the 2004-2008 period, through analytical, longitudinal, retrospective analyses of the results obtained by the laboratories that participated in the External Quality Assessment Program of the School of Chemical Sciences of Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí. Statistical analysis was performed with Microsoft® Office Excel and Epi Info T programs. The percentage of clínical laboratories with acceptable performance (excellent and good) by analyte during the evaluation cycle in March 2008-February 2009 was 75% to 82%, whích íncreased when automated and semíautomated methods were used. For the 2004-2008 period, the laboratories, in 2004, had 3.02 times greatet risk of not qualifying with acceptable performance (p<0.05) than in 2008. In conclusión, the External Qualíty Assessment of the School of Chemícal Sciences of Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí has had a strong impact on the overall performance of clinical laboratories, whích ensures the latter's qualíty.


Subject(s)
Quality Control , Program Evaluation/methods , Chemistry, Clinical/standards , Program Evaluation/standards , Quality Control/methods , Total Quality Management , Clinical Laboratory Services/standards
5.
Laboratory Animal Research ; : 433-438, 2010.
Article in Korean | WPRIM | ID: wpr-65547

ABSTRACT

The humane care and use of animals should be the prime concern and responsibility of all those individuals using animals for research, teaching or testing. The use of animals as experimental subjects in the 20th century has contributed to many important advances in scientific and medical knowledge. Although scientists have also developed non-animal models for research, these models often cannot completely mimic the complex human or animal body. Nevertheless, efforts to develop and use scientifically valid alternatives, adjuncts, and refinements to animal research should continue. Laboratory Animal Law that was prepared to improve the reliability and reproducibility of research data using laboratory animals also required an institutes to care and use animal in ways judged to be scientifically, technically, and humanely appropriate. The law introduced Assessment Program of Good Animal Care and Use Facility. The primary goal of the Assessment Program is to provide quality assurance for the care and use of experimental animals on a national basis. Although, an effective surveillance protects animals, promotes animal welfare and ensures the quality of science that uses animals, it is the responsibility of investigators to conduct animal experiment on the basis of the highest scientific, humane, and ethical principles. It is expected that the Program will accelerate the introduction of mind concerning humane and ethical animal experiment and will enhance animal well-being, the quality of biomedical research, and the advancement of biologic knowledge that is relevant to humans or animals.


Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Academies and Institutes , Animal Experimentation , Animal Welfare , Animals, Laboratory , Hydrazines , Jurisprudence , Research Personnel
6.
Korean Journal of Clinical Pathology ; : 650-659, 1998.
Article in Korean | WPRIM | ID: wpr-117426

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: We have performed questionnaire surveys of HLA laboratories in 1993 and 1995 and here we report the results of a survey performed in 1997. METHODS: The questionnaires were distributed to 39 HLA laboratories enrolled in the HLA quality assessment (QA) program (started in 1996) in Korea. The questionnaire items were slightly modified from those of the previous survey. RESULTS: Most of the HLA laboratories (31/39, 80%) belonged to the specialties of clinical pathology. Most of the HLA laboratories were of small scale in the number of HLA technicians and the annual number of HLA tests. The methods used for HLA crossmatch were quite improved compared to those of the previous survey (1995). The number of laboratories using sensitive methods such as T-AHG and/or T-long methods has markedly increased (31/34 laboratories, 91%) compared to that of the previous survey (5/29 laboratories, 17%). DNA typing methods for HLA-DR were used in 27 (69%) laboratories, among which 25 laboratories used commercial kits. Some laboratories stored complement at inappropriate temperature, which could adversely affect the test results. As for external QA programs for HLA tests, 7 laboratories were participating in international programs. Most of the laboratories responded that the domestic HLA QA program was of much help for HLA tests, especially for HLA crossmatch tests, and 21 laboratories changed the HLA crossmatch test methods after participating in the QA program. CONCLUSIONS: In recent 2 years, the most prominent changes in domestic HLA laboratories were increased use of HLA-DR DNA typing methods and improvement and standardization of HLA crossmatch test methods. The domestic HLA QA program was considered to be very helpful for quality improvement and standardization of HLA test.


Subject(s)
Complement System Proteins , DNA Fingerprinting , Histocompatibility Testing , HLA-DR Antigens , Korea , Pathology, Clinical , Quality Improvement , Surveys and Questionnaires
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