Clinical observation of ticagrelor combined with Compound xueshuantong capsule in the treatment of unstable angina pectoris / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To observe the efficacy and safety of ticagrelor combined with Compound xueshuantong capsules in the treatment of unstable angina pectoris. METHODS Totally 120 patients with unstable angina pectoris with deficiency of Qi and Yin combined admitted to Sanmenxia Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2021 to December 2022 were randomly divided into clopidogrel group （group A）， ticagrelor group （group B） and combined medication group （group C）， with 40 patients in each group. In addition to conventional treatment， group A was given clopidogrel orally； group B was given ticagrelor orally； group C was given ticagrelor and Compound xueshuantong capsule orally. After 12 weeks of treatment， the clinical efficacy， frequency of angina attacks， coagulation function indicators， cardiac function indicators， traditional Chinese medicine syndrome efficacy， and the incidence of adverse cardiovascular events and bleeding incidence were evaluated in the 3 groups. RESULTS The total effective rates of group A， group B and group C were 77.5%， 85.0% and 90.0%， respectively. The incidence of adverse cardiovascular events and bleeding events were 7.5%， 7.5% and 5.0% in the respective groups， with no statistically significant difference （P＞0.05）. The frequency of angina attacks， duration of angina attacks and duration of dyspnea were significantly reduced or shortened in all 3 groups after treatment compared to before treatment （P＜0.05）. The frequency of angina attacks in group C was significantly lower than that in groups A and B after treatment （P＜0.05）. The levels of fibrinogen （FBG） and D-dimer in all 3 groups were significantly lower after treatment compared to before treatment （P＜0.05）； group A had significantly higher levels of FBG and D-dimer compared to group B and C （P＜0.05）. The left ventricular end-diastolic diameter and left ventricular end-systolic diameter in all three groups were significantly shorter after treatment， and the left ventricular ejection fraction was significantly higher compared to before treatment （P＜0.05）， but there were no statistically significant differences among those groups （P＞0.05）. The total effective rates of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome efficacy in groups A， B and C were 67.5%， 80.0% and 87.5%， respectively， with group C being significantly higher than group A （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS In addition to conventional treatment， ticagrelor combined with Compound xueguantong capsules can more significantly reduce the frequency of angina attacks in patients with unstable angina pectoris， reduce the levels of FBG and D- dimer， improve traditional Chinese medicine syndrome efficacy， and do not increase the risk of bleeding.

Itinerarios de reconstrucción de cuerpos de mujeres atacadas con agentes químicos en Bogotá, Colombia / Itinerários de reconstrução de corpos de mulheres agredidas com agentes químicos em Bogotá, Colômbia / Itineraries of reconstruction of the bodies of women attacked with chemical agents in Bogotá, Colombia

Resumen El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar las experiencias de búsqueda y acceso a procedimientos para la reconstrucción física, social y psicológica de mujeres atacadas con agentes químicos en la ciudad de Bogotá. A partir un diseño etnográfico se recolectó información observacional y discursiva en escenarios de intervención formal y no formal sobre los cuerpos y se realizaron entrevistas en profundidad a sobrevivientes y a profesionales de la salud. Los datos fueron analizados a partir de un enfoque narrativo-crítico. Los hallazgos evidencian interpretaciones divergentes dentro de los sistemas cuidado de la salud sobre lo que constituye la reconstrucción de un cuerpo atacado con agentes químicos en un contexto marcado por grandes desigualdades en el acceso a la salud.

Abstract O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar as experiências de busca e acesso a procedimentos de reconstrução física, social e psicológica de mulheres agredidas com agentes químicos na cidade de Bogotá. Com base em um delineamento etnográfico, recolheu-se informação observacional e discursiva em cenários formais e não formais de intervenção sobre os corpos e realizaram-se entrevistas em profundidade a sobreviventes e profissionais de saúde. Os dados foram analisados a partir de uma abordagem narrativa-crítica. Os achados mostram interpretações divergentes nos sistemas de saúde sobre o que seria a reconstrução de um corpo agredido com agentes químicos em um contexto marcado por grandes desigualdades no acesso à saúde.

Abstract This article explores experiences of care-seeking for the physical, social and psychological reconstruction of women attacked with chemical agents in the city of Bogotá, Colombia. Based on an ethnographic design, observational and discursive information was collected in formal and nonformal therapeutic settings, and in-depth interviews were conducted with survivors and health professionals. The data was analyzed from a narrative-critical approach. The findings show divergent interpretations within health care systems on what constitutes the reconstruction of a body attacked with chemical agents in a context marked by profound inequalities in access to health.

ATYPICAL MANIFESTATIONS OF SUBACUTE SCLEROSING PANENCEPHALITIS: CASE SERIES

Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis (SSPE) is a rare, progressive degenerative disease of the brain caused by reactivation of aberrant measles virus. Classical symptoms of SSPE are described as behavioral changes, declining scholastic performance, myoclonic jerks etc. However, at times it presents with varied atypical manifestations, which makes diagnosis dif?cult. Hereby we report two patients with unusual manifestations of SSPE. In ?rst case, 14-year-old boy presented with recurrent falls of 9 months duration. Initially, it was 1-2 times per week, progressing over 9 months to frequency of 40-50 falls per day. In second case, 21-year-old gentleman presented with behavioral changes and memory disturbance of 1-year duration. However, his family members noticed worsening of symptoms 1 month before presentation as he started developing involuntary jerky movements involving the right upper and lower limb. In both of them electroencephalogram (EEG) was showing long interval periodic discharges and cerebrospinal ?uid was showing elevated titers of anti-measles antibody overall suggesting SSPE. Hence it needs much attention for atypical presentations and also considering SSPE in differential diagnosis of unsolved atypical neurological presentations.

Luna, uma personalidade flagelada: relato e comentários sobre um caso clínico / Luna, a stricken personality: report and comments on a clinical case / Luna, una personalidad flagelada: informe y comentarios sobre un caso clínico / Luna, une personnalité flagellée: récit et commentaires concernant un cas clinique

A proposta deste trabalho é relatar e comentar uma experiência clínica na qual o estado mental invejoso, como manifestação externa da pulsão de morte, teve lugar de destaque. O fio condutor escolhido pela autora destaca o predomínio dos impulsos destrutivos, os quais, além de causarem muito sofrimento à analisanda, se manifestaram através de ataques ao vínculo psicanalítico. A autora conjectura que o malogro da continuidade da relação terapêutica decorreu da intolerância à dependência receptiva, uma vez que a ligação era experimentada como humilhação. Discorre sobre a implicância e a obscuridade do conceito de pulsão de morte, subjacente aos conceitos utilizados para a compreensão do caso.

The purpose of this paper is to report and comment on a clinical experience in which the envious mental state, as an external manifestation of the death drive, had a prominent place. The common thread chosen by the author highlighted the predominance of destructive impulses, which, in addition to causing much suffering to the analysand, manifested themselves through attacks on the psychoanalytic bond. She conjectured that the failure of the continuity of the therapeutic relationship was due to an intolerance to receptive dependence, since the connection was experienced as humiliation. The author commented on the implication and obscurity of the concept of death drive, underlying the concepts used to understand the case.

El propósito de este trabajo es informar y comentar una experiencia clínica en la que el estado mental envidioso, como manifestación externa de la pulsión de muerte, tuvo un lugar destacado. El hilo conductor elegido por el autor destacó el predominio de los impulsos destructivos, que además de causar mucho sufrimiento al analizando, se manifestaron a través de ataques al vínculo psicoanalítico. Conjeturó que el fracaso de la continuidad de la relación terapéutica se debía a una intolerancia a la dependencia receptiva, ya que la conexión se vivía como una humillación. La autora comentó sobre la implicación y oscuridad del concepto de pulsión de muerte, subyacente a los conceptos utilizados para entender el caso.

Le but de cet article est de narrer et de commenter une expérience clinique dans laquelle l’état mental envieux, en tant qu’une manifestation externe de la pulsion de mort, a pris une place prépondérante. Le fil conducteur choisi par l’autrice a mis en évidence la prédominance des pulsions destructrices, ce qui, en plus de causer beaucoup de souffrance à l’analysant, s’est manifesté par des atteintes au lien psychanalytique. L’autrice a conjecturé que l’échec de la continuité de la relation thérapeutique a été dû à une intolérance à la dépendance réceptive, puisque la connexion était vécue comme une humiliation. Elle a commenté l’implication et l’obscurité du concept de pulsion de mort, sous-jacent aux concepts utilisés pour comprendre le cas.

Callosotomía posterior: un nuevo abordaje en Cirugía de Epilepsia / Posterior callosotomy: a new approach in Epilepsy Surgery

Objetivo: describir la nueva técnica de callosotomía posterior utilizada en cirugía de epilepsia, junto a sus indicaciones, ventajas comparativas y sus resultados. Métodos: se muestran en secuencias de video dos casos de callosotomía posterior, en pacientes con epilepsia refractaria severa, con crisis tipo "drop attacks" (pérdida súbita del tono postural), presentando traumatismos a repetición, con potencial riesgo de vida. Ambos pacientes, una mujer de 35 años y un varón de 24 años de edad, presentaban una malformación congénita del desarrollo cortical denominada doble corteza. Un caso fue operado en posición semisentada, con abordaje parafalcino derecho, el segundo en decúbito ventral, con abordaje parafalcino izquierdo. Se realizó una incisión vertical parasagital de 7cm, a 2 cm de la línea media, con límite inferior en el inion y superior en la unión de la sutura sagital y lambdoidea. Se realizó una craneotomía de 5 x 5cm, exponiendo el seno longitudinal superior. La anatomía venosa de la región permite sin inconvenientes el desplazamiento lateral occipito-parietal. Se realizó una callosotomía que incluyó esplenio y cuerpo llegando anteriormente al sector que une ambas áreas motoras suplementarias. Resultados: no se presentaron complicaciones postoperatorias. El síndrome de desconexión apareció en un caso, desapareciendo en un periodo de 2 semanas. Se obtuvo una reducción del 90% de crisis, mejorando la calidad de vida y otorgando un mayor grado de independencia a ambos pacientes. Conclusión: la callosotomía posterior es un procedimiento seguro, poco invasivo y altamente efectivo contra las crisis de drop attacks en epilepsias refractarias

Objective: to describe the new technique of posterior callosotomy applied to epilepsy surgery, including its indication, comparative advantages and results. Methods: two surgical cases are presented on video sequences, including patients with refractory epilepsy, with "drop attack" type seizures (loss of postural tone), presenting with recurring trauma and a potential life risk. Both patients, a 35 years-old woman and a 24 years-old man suffered from a congenital malformation of cortical development known as double cortex. One of the cases was operated in a semi-sitting position, trough a right parafalcine approach, and the other one in a prone position trough a left parafalcine approach. A 7cm parasagittal vertical incision, 2cm lateral to midline was performed, considering its upper limit at the union of the lambdoid and parasagittal suture, and its lower limit at the inion. A craniotomy of 4 by 4cm was performed, exposing the superior sagittal sinus. The venous regional anatomy allows an easy parieto-occipital lateral retraction. The callosotomy included the splenium and the body reaching anteriorly up to the region where we find both supplementary motor areas. Results: no postoperative complications were found. One case presented with a disconnection syndrome, resolving in 2 weeks. A 90% reduction of the seizure frequency was achieved, improving the quality of life and the degree of Independence of the patients. Conclusions: posterior callosotomy is a safe, less invasive and highly effective procedure against drop attack type seizures in refractory Epilepsy

Panic disorder respiratory subtype: psychopathology and challenge tests - an update

Panic disorder (PD) pathophysiology is very heterogeneous, and the discrimination of distinct subtypes could be very useful. A subtype based on respiratory symptoms is known to constitute a specific subgroup. However, evidence to support the respiratory subtype (RS) as a distinct subgroup of PD with a well-defined phenotype remains controversial. Studies have focused on characterization of the RS based on symptoms and response to CO2. In this line, we described clinical and biological aspects focused on symptomatology and CO2 challenge tests in PD RS. The main symptoms that characterize RS are dyspnea (shortness of breath) and a choking sensation. Moreover, patients with the RS tended to be more responsive to CO2 challenge tests, which triggered more panic attacks in this subgroup. Future studies should focus on discriminating respiratory-related clusters and exploring psychophysiological and neuroimaging outcomes in order to provide robust evidence to confirm RS as a distinct subtype of PD.

Sobre crise: significados e perspectivas. Entrevista com Marco Américo Lucchesi / On the crisis: meanings and perspectives. Interview with Marco Américo Lucchesi

Resumo Na entrevista, Marco Américo Lucchesi, professor Titular de Literatura Comparada da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), professor convidado da Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), membro e presidente da Academia Brasileira de Letras, apresenta sua percepção da crise atual e do impacto sobre a consolidação da democracia brasileira. Com base em suas experiências como intelectual crítico e atuante, comenta os ataques que assistimos, no Brasil, à cultura e à produção de conhecimento. Ao mesmo tempo, lembra que nenhuma democracia se configura como uma realidade ontológica terminada e ressalta o papel das escolas e universidades na mobilização da cidadania e na difusão de valores republicanos. Frente à constatação de que vivemos uma profunda mudança de registro cultural, aponta algumas conquistas que se expressam, por exemplo, pela presença de índios e negros nas universidades. Reconhecendo o pedido de socorro imerso em todas as crises,convoca-nos a reavivar o sonho e a coragem, combustíveis da utopia, e defende a suspensão das distinções em favor da formação de uma frente democrática e solidária. São análises e convocações que se pautam, o tempo todo, numa firme confiança na potência e na capacidade de resistência da cultura.

Abstract In this interview, Marco Américo Lucchesi, Tenured Professor of Comparative Literature at the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), visiting professor of the Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), and member and president of the Brazilian Academy of Letters, outlines his perception of the current crisis and the impact on the consolidation of Brazilian democracy. Based on his experiences as a critic and intellectual, he comments on the attacks on culture and the production of knowledge that we have witnessed in Brazil. He reminds us that no democracy is a fully-fledged ontological reality and highlights the role of schools and universities in mobilizing citizenship and spreading republican values. He highlights some achievements that are expressed by the presence of Indians and African Brazilians in universities. Acknowledging the call for help inherent in every crisis, he calls upon us to revive the dream and courage and advocates the suspension of distinctions in favor of forming a front of democracy and solidarity. These are analyses and convocations that are based, at all times, on a firm confidence in the power and capacity of resilience of culture.

Enfermedad de Moyamoya: Cefalea crónica y demencia progresiva asociadas a infartos cerebrales múltiples / Moyamoya disease: Chronic headache and progressive dementia associated with multiple brain strokes

Se reporta el caso de un paciente de 32 años de edad que desde los 17 y hasta la actualidad, ha experimentado cefaleas constrictivas de minutos de duración, desencadenadas por actividad o esfuerzos físicos. En los últimos siete años ha presentado progresiva declinación cognitiva y cambios acentuados de personalidad con creciente dependencia para el desarrollo de actividades elementales. A los 27 años desarrolló hemiplejía izquierda total con recuperación completa en dos semanas. Muestra asimismo episodios de estado confusional severo y conducta infantil. Los exámenes de laboratorio descartaron cardiopatía, ateroesclerosis y enfermedades autoinmunes sistémicas en el paciente. Estudios neuroimagenológicos del cerebro (TAC, Angio - TEM y RM cerebralcontrastada) pusieron en evidencia seis infartos cerebrales, en estadios subagudos y crónicos, severa estenosis de las arterias cerebrales anteriores y presencia de un microaneurisma en el segmento M de la arteria cerebral media izquierda. Una limitación del presente reporte es la ausencia de estudios con angiografía digital, debida a dificultades económicas. En conclusión, el caso corresponde a un paciente con cefalea crónica asociada a demencia progresiva, en el que estudios de neuroimágenes y pruebas neuropsicológicas sustentan el diagnóstico de deterioro cognitivo asociado a la enfermedad de Moyamoya.

The case of a 32 years old male patient who since age 17 has experienced constrictive headaches of several minutes duration, triggered by physical effort is reported. For the last seven years there, he has presented a progressive cognitive decline cognitive, and marked personality changes, having become extremely dependent even for conducting elemental activities. At the age of 27, he experienced total left hemiplegia from which he completely recovered in two weeks. He also shows severe confusional states and child-like behavior. Laboratory tests ruled out heart disease, atherosclerosis and systemic autoimmune diseases. Brain neuroimaging tests (CT, Angio - TEM and contrasted cerebral MRI) revealed the occurrence of six cerebral infarcts, in subacute and chronic stages, severe stenosis of the anterior cerebral arteries, and presence of microaneurysm in the M segment of the left middle brain artery. A limitation of this report is the absence of a study with digital angiography, due to economic difficulties. In short, the case of a patient with chronic headache associated with progressive dementia is presented, with neuroimaging and neuropsychological tests that support the diagnosis of of cognitive impairment associated with Moyamoya disease.

Raynaud’s Disease and Clinical Challenges: A Minireview of Literature with a Spotlight on Acupuncture

Background: Primary Raynaud’s disease preferentially afflicts women with 5% prevalence rate reported in general population, manifests triphasic color phenomenon along with paresthesia involving distal digits and toes and triggered by severe cold and stress.Objective: This review critically describes several perspectives of Raynaud’s diseases with a focus on medical acupuncture.Methods:Electronic searches of relevant data prior to 2019 published in PubMed, MEDLINE, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect databases were made using the Boolean operators and keywords. Finally, 32 articles that addressed specifically Raynaud’s disease and acupuncture were retained for this minireview.Results:Raynaud’s disease classified into primary and secondary is poorly understoodMini-reviewArticle phenomenon, lacks standard care and, hence,needs patient-centered holistic approach. Evidently, medical acupuncture with safe clinical profile has been effectively used as an alternative therapy in Raynaud’s disease. Outcome results with the use of conservative approaches, modern therapies, behavioral interventions and medical acupuncture vary considerably across the board and primary RD carries better prognosis than secondary RD.Conclusion:Both Raynaud's disease phenomena are complex conditions; need individualized treatment approach including surgical in refractory cases and further rigor studies to unravel their pathophysiology pathways and standardized interventions

Factors affecting readmission for asthma exacerbation in children attending Alexandria university children-hospital

Background: The admission rate for bronchial asthma has increased dramatically all over the world. This increase in admission influences the children’s quality of life in addition to health care cost. Objective of the study was to identify the risk factors for readmission because of acute asthmatic attacks.Methods: Case control study applied on asthmatic children admitted because of acute asthma attacks attending emergency room, paediatric intensive care unit and inpatient wards of Alexandria university children's hospital, Alexandria, Egypt in the period from September 2016 to July 2017. The study group was subdivided into 2 groups; group (A) readmitted within one year from first admission and group (B) firstly admitted.Results: The mean age in group (A) and (B) was 9.09±3.98 and 8.65±4.01 respectively. Males were more than females in both groups, and no sex differentiation effects on readmission. The duration of the disease in readmitted group ranged from 1-8 years, it was a risk factor for acute asthma readmission. Viral infection, exercise and dust were risk factors for acute asthma exacerbation readmission. Disease severity was found to have a higher percentage of hospitalization; cases with severe and moderate bronchial asthma compared to mild cases. Readmitted patients had more sleep disturbance and lack of school attendance. Readmitted patients were less adherent to treatment.Conclusions: Duration of the disease, viral infections, common cold, dust and exercise are risk factors for acute asthma readmission. Severity of the disease and adherence to medications affect acute asthma readmission.

Incidence and clinical correlates of anger attacks in Chinese patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder / 浙江大学学报（英文版）（B辑：生物医学和生物技术）

Objective: Anger attacks have been observed in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), often triggered by obsessional triggers. However, few studies have reported the clinical characteristics and correlates of anger attacks among Chinese patients with OCD. Methods: A total of 90 adults with a primary diagnosis of OCD, ranging from 15 to 78 years old, participated in the study. Participants were administered the Rage Outbursts and Anger Rating Scale (ROARS), Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale-Second Edition, and Brown Assessment of Beliefs Scale by a trained clinician. Patients completed the Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Revised and Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21. Results: A total of 31.3% of participants reported anger outbursts in the past week, and ROARS scores had no significant correlation with age, duration of illness, OCD severity, depression, or stress. However, ROARS scores were negatively related to education level, and positively related to obsessing symptoms and anxiety. Conclusions: These data suggest that anger attacks are relatively common in Chinese patients with OCD. The severity of anger attacks is related to educational level, obsessing symptoms, and anxiety, which may be a latent variable reflecting executive functioning and emotion regulation skills.

Incidence and clinical correlates of anger attacks in Chinese patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder / 浙江大学学报（英文版）（B辑：生物医学和生物技术）

OBJECTIVE@#Anger attacks have been observed in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), often triggered by obsessional triggers. However, few studies have reported the clinical characteristics and correlates of anger attacks among Chinese patients with OCD.@*METHODS@#A total of 90 adults with a primary diagnosis of OCD, ranging from 15 to 78 years old, participated in the study. Participants were administered the Rage Outbursts and Anger Rating Scale (ROARS), Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale-Second Edition, and Brown Assessment of Beliefs Scale by a trained clinician. Patients completed the Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Revised and Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21.@*RESULTS@#A total of 31.3% of participants reported anger outbursts in the past week, and ROARS scores had no significant correlation with age, duration of illness, OCD severity, depression, or stress. However, ROARS scores were negatively related to education level, and positively related to obsessing symptoms and anxiety.@*CONCLUSIONS@#These data suggest that anger attacks are relatively common in Chinese patients with OCD. The severity of anger attacks is related to educational level, obsessing symptoms, and anxiety, which may be a latent variable reflecting executive functioning and emotion regulation skills.

Anxiety Disorders - Assessment and Management in General Practice

@#The objective of this article is to provide an update on the diagnosis, assessment, and management of anxiety disorders in adults. This article covers the following disorders: panic disorder, panic attacks, specific phobia, social anxiety disorder and generalized anxiety disorder. Selective mutism and separation anxiety disorder, being childhood anxiety disorders, will not be covered. Obsessive compulsive disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder, which are not categorized as anxiety disorders in DSM-5, will not be covered. Anxiety and related disorders are common mental health disorders but are under-diagnosed and undertreated. Most cases of anxiety disorders present first to the primary care physician and can be managed in primary care.It is important to take a detailed history of the patient’s symptoms and their severity and duration, enquire about psychosocial stressors, as well as symptoms that may be suggestive of a medical condition and also to assess suicidality. A combined approach of psycho-education, relaxation training, and medications give the best results. SSRIs are first line pharmacologic treatment for most anxiety disorders. There is a need to stress that benzodiazepines have no role in the long-term treatment of anxiety disorders. They should not be given for more than 2 to 4 weeks. Treatment for generalized anxiety disorder should be for at least 32 weeks as high relapse rates are reported after discontinuing medications.

Surgical treatment of atrial septum lipomatous hypertrophy associated with syncopal attacks

Lipomatous hypertrophy of atrial septum (LHAS) is a rare benign cardiac condition characterized by fatty tissue infiltration located in the atrial septum. We presented a rare case of LHAS resulting in recurrent syncopal attacks.

Secondary Short-Lasting Unilateral Neuralgiform Headache with Conjunctival Injection and Tearing: A New Case and a Literature Review

Short-lasting unilateral neuralgiform headache attacks with conjunctival injection and tearing (SUNCT) is a primary headache syndrome with an unclear pathogenesis. However, there is increasing evidence in the literature for secondary SUNCT being attributable to certain known lesions. We explored the possible neurobiological mechanism underlying SUNCT based on all reported cases of secondary SUNCT for which detailed information is available. Here we report a case of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders that had typical symptoms of SUNCT that might have been attributable to involvement of the spinal nucleus of the trigeminal nerve. We also review cases of secondary SUNCT reported in the English-language literature and analyze them for demographic characteristics, clinical features, response to treatment, and imaging findings. The literature review shows that secondary SUNCT can derive from a neoplasm, vascular disease, trauma, infection, inflammation, or congenital malformation. The pons with involvement of the trigeminal root entry zone was the most commonly affected region for inducing secondary SUNCT. In conclusion, the neurobiology of secondary SUNCT includes structures such as the nucleus and the trigeminal nerve with its branches, suggesting that some cases of primary SUNCT have underlying mechanisms that are related to existing focal damage that cannot be visualized.

Effects of " acupuncture on cerebral blood flow in patients with high risk of cerebral ischemic stroke based on ASL and PWI technique / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the effects of "" acupuncture on cerebral blood flow in high-risk patients of cerebral ischemic stroke based on arterial spin labeling (ASL) and perfusion-weighted imaging (PWI), and to evaluate the clinical efficacy.@*METHODS@#A total of 180 patients with transient ischemic attacks (TIA) / minor ischemic stroke (MIS) were randomly divided into an acupuncture A group, an acupuncture B group and a medication group, 60 cases in each group. The patients in the acupuncture A group were treated with "" acupuncture at Baihui (GV 20), Fengfu (GV 16), Yamen (GV 15), Dazhui (GV 14), Shenzhu (GV 12), Zhiyang (GV 9), Mingmen (GV 4), Yaoyangguan (GV 3) and Jingjiaji (EX-B 2), once a day; the patients in the acupuncture B group were treated with identical acupoints but was given once every other day; the patients in the medication group were treated with oral administration of nimodipine tablets, 30 mg, three times daily. All the three groups were treated for four weeks. ASL and PWI, including relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV), relative cerebral blood flow (rCBF), relative mean transit time (rMTT) and relative time to peak (rTTP), were conducted before and after treatment; the changes of the test indexes were compared before and after treatment. The clinical efficacy of the three groups was compared.@*RESULTS@#Compared before treatment, the numbers of ASL normal perfusion in the 3 groups were significantly increased after treatment (all 0.05). Compared before treatment, rCBV and rCBF in the 3 groups were significantly increased after treatment (all 0.05). The total effective rate was 88.3% (53/60) in the acupuncture A group, 73.3% (44/60) in the acupuncture B group and 90.0% (54/60) in the medication group; the total effective rate in the acupuncture A group was superior to that in the acupuncture B group (0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#"" acupuncture could effectively improve the hypoperfusion of cerebral blood flow in patients with high risk of cerebral ischemic stroke, reduce the incidence of severe CIS; acupuncture for once a day is better than once every other day.

Critical neuropsychobiological analysis of panic attack- and anticipatory anxiety-like behaviors in rodents confronted with snakes in polygonal arenas and complex labyrinths: a comparison to the elevated plus- and T-maze behavioral tests

Objective: To compare prey and snake paradigms performed in complex environments to the elevated plus-maze (EPM) and T-maze (ETM) tests for the study of panic attack- and anticipatory anxiety-like behaviors in rodents. Methods: PubMed was reviewed in search of articles focusing on the plus maze test, EPM, and ETM, as well as on defensive behaviors displayed by threatened rodents. In addition, the authors’ research with polygonal arenas and complex labyrinth (designed by the first author for confrontation between snakes and small rodents) was examined. Results: The EPM and ETM tests evoke anxiety/fear-related defensive responses that are pharmacologically validated, whereas the confrontation between rodents and snakes in polygonal arenas with or without shelters or in the complex labyrinth offers ethological conditions for studying more complex defensive behaviors and the effects of anxiolytic and panicolytic drugs. Prey vs. predator paradigms also allow discrimination between non-oriented and oriented escape behavior. Conclusions: Both EPM and ETM simple labyrinths are excellent apparatuses for the study of anxiety- and instinctive fear-related responses, respectively. The confrontation between rodents and snakes in polygonal arenas, however, offers a more ethological environment for addressing both unconditioned and conditioned fear-induced behaviors and the effects of anxiolytic and panicolytic drugs.

Características básicas do transtorno do pânico / Basic features of panic disorder

O objetivo é caracterizar o Transtorno do Pânico (TP) com ênfase em seu diagnóstico e tratamento. O TP é um dos transtornos de ansiedade, caracterizado por ataques de pânico recorrentes acompanhados por uma persistente preocupação com ataques adicionais e alterações mal adaptativas do comportamento (Associação Americana de Psiquiatria - DSM-V). Sua etiologia ainda não é conhecida, mas deve envolver uma interação de fatores genéticos, de desenvolvimento e ambientais que resultam em altera- ções no funcionamento de algumas áreas cerebrais. O tratamento farmacológico de primeira escolha é com o uso de antidepressivos inibidores seletivos da recaptação de serotonina, os quais apresentam uma latência de 20 a 30 dias para o início do efeito. (AU)

The aim of this paper is to characterize the Panic Disorder (PD) with an emphasis on diagnosis and treatment. PD is one of the anxiety disorders, characterized by recurrent panic attacks accompanied by a persistent preoccupation with additional attacks and maladaptive behavioral changes (American Psychiatric Association ­ DSM-V). Its etiology is not known, but should involve an interaction of genetic, developmental and environmental factors that result in changes in the functioning of some brain areas. The pharmacological treatment of choice is with the use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, which has a latency of 20 for 30 days for the beginning of the therapeutic effect. (AU)

Effect of Celecoxib capsules on the biological behavior of LoVo cell of human colorectal cancer / 中国生化药物杂志

Objective To investigate the effects of Celecoxib capsules on the proliferation, invasion and other biological behaviors of LoVo cells in human rectal cancer. Methods Cell proliferation was tested by CCK 8 method, the change of cell cycle was detected by using flow cytometry, cell apoptosis in each group was tested by TUNEL staining method, cell migration ability was detected through the scratch healing experiment. Results The results of CCK-8 test showed that the proliferation of LoVo cells of the intervention group was inhibited and the apoptosis rate was increased (P<0.05). The results of flow cytometry showed that the cell cycle of the intervention group was blocked in G0/G1 phase, and the number of cells decreased in S stage. The results of the scratch healing experiment showed that the migration of LoVo cells in the intervention group was decreased, compared with the control group. Conclusion Celecoxib capsules played an important role in inhibiting tumor proliferation and promoting apoptosis in treatment of rectal cancer, it may be a new method to prevent and treat rectal cancer.