ABSTRACT
Factors such as senescence,stress and neurodegenerative diseases,including Alzheimer's disease, contribute to the impairment of organs,especially the brain.They also negatively affect normal brain functions such as memory and cognition.In this study,the neuroprotective role of the natural product BF-7 was examined against A beta - induced neurotoxicity in SK-N-SH human neuronal cells.BF-7 significantly attenuated A beta-induced apoptosis as measured by intracellular calcium levels,accumulation of reactive oxygen species,mitochondrial dysfunction,and caspase activity.These results strongly indicate that BF-7 plays an effective and positive role in the improvement of brain functions,including learning and memory,in our model system for Alzheimer's disease.Thus,BF-7 might be useful for developing strategies to protect the nervous system and improve brain function.
Subject(s)
Humans , Alzheimer Disease , Amyloid beta-Peptides , Amyloid , Apoptosis , Brain , Calcium , Cell Death , Fibroins , Learning , Memory , Mitochondria , Nervous System , Neurons , Oxidative Stress , OxygenABSTRACT
Abnormal blood supply to brain, such as ischemia induce neuronal damages, possibly leading to dementia. Such damages should be attenuated by neuroprotective materials which make neurons tolerable against limited blood supply or reinforce of blood. For the animal study, transient middle cerebral artery occlusion was operated with SD rat. To check whether BF-7 attenuated the ischemic damage, BF-7 (10 mg/kg) was oral treated for 7 days once a day. To evaluate the learning and memory of the rat, 8-arm maze test was conducted. For clinical study, Rey Complex Figure Test (RCFT) was used with control group (32 person), 200 mg treated group (33 person) and 400 mg treated group (34 person). Treatment of BF-7 greatly reduced the infarct size. Also the neuronal damages in the hippocampus were significantly diminished. Furthermore, The memory impairment by ischemia was recovered. The clinical test showed that BF-7 greatly enhanced the brain function recognizing and memorizing complex two dimensional figures. Our results implicated that BF-7 plays a positive roles on protecting brain and enhancing brain unction clinically.
Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Brain , Dementia , Hippocampus , Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery , Ischemia , Learning , Memory Disorders , Memory , NeuronsABSTRACT
Various factors such as senescence, stress, neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease (AD) contribute to the impairments of organs, especially brain. Also, they should be negative factors on normal brain function, like as memory and cognition. In this study, the neuroprotective role of BF-7, extracted from Bombyx mori, was examined agaist scopolamine-induced neurotoxicity in SK-N-SH cells. In order to know if the BF-7 has positive role on the cognition and memory, we examined using SD rat model and human. Scopolamine-induced memory impairments were observed, as measured by the passive avoidance and water maze tests, but treatment with BF-7 significantly improved memory and cognitive function. Moreover, the memory index and memory preservation of clinical experiments using MMSE-K tests were significantly improved memory and cognitive function. This results strongly represent that the BF-7 play effectively positive role in the improvement of brain function including learning and memory. Taken together, our results suggested that the BF-7 should be useful for developing strategies protecting nervous system and improving brain function.
Subject(s)
Humans , Aging , Alzheimer Disease , Bombyx , Brain , Cognition , Learning , Memory , Models, Animal , Nervous System , Neurodegenerative Diseases , ScopolamineABSTRACT
Endogenously or exogenously generated oxidative stress impair organs, especially brain. Also, the oxidative stress appears to be a negative factor on normal brain function, like memory and cognition. Our result showed that BF-7, extracted from Bombyx mori, effectively diminished oxidative stress, leading to the protection of neuron from reactive oxygen species donated by FeSO4 . Clinical experiments showed that BF-7 significantly improved memory and cognitive functions of normal adults in a dose-dependent manner. Thus, our results suggest that BF-7 play a role in the improvement of brain functions by removing oxidative stress, and provide therapeutic potential role of BF-7 to protect nervous system from oxidative damage.
Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Apoptosis , Bombyx , Brain , Cognition , Memory , Nervous System , Neurons , Oxidative Stress , Reactive Oxygen SpeciesABSTRACT
To investigate whether BF-7, extracted from Bombyx mori, improved learning and memory of ordinary people, Rey-Kim Memory Test was performed with placebo group (32 persons), 200 mg BF-7 treated group (33 persons) and 400 mg BF-7 treated group (34 persons). BF-7 enhanced significantly learning and memory function in a dose-dependent manner. To know how BF-7 plays such a positive role, we measured the concentration of acetylcholine in the brain from memory impairment animal model. Treatment of BF-7 significantly increased the concentration of acetylcholine. So, it is supposed that the protection of cholinergic neuron and/or keeping proper concentration of acetylcholine might be one of the mechanisms by which BF-7 improve brain function. So, our results suggest that the BF-7 is effective material for improving learning and memory ability.
Subject(s)
Humans , Acetylcholine , Bombyx , Brain , Cholinergic Neurons , Learning , Memory , Models, AnimalABSTRACT
Amyloid beta-peptide (A beta) contributes to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD), causing neuronal death through apoptosis. In this study, the neuroprotective role of BF-7, extracted form sericultural product, was examined against A beta -induced toxicity in cultured human neuronal cell SKN-SH. In order to know if the BF-7 has positive role on the cognition and memory in human, the mixture of BF-7, DHA and EPA (BDE) was examined using Rey Kim and K-WAIS test with 50 healthy high school student. We report here that BDE significantly attenuated A beta-induced apoptosis through the reduction of ROS accumulation, and diminished caspase-like protease activity. Moreover, the memory index and memory preservation, and attentative concentration of BDE treated group for 1 month were significantly improved, in contrast to the case of placebo control treated with DHA and EPA. This result represent that the BF-7 play significant positive role on learning memory. Taken together, our result suggested the natural product BF-7 is a good substance for the brain functionally and physiologically.