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1.
Acta méd. costarric ; 62(3)sept. 2020.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, SaludCR | ID: biblio-1383331

ABSTRACT

Resumen Justificación: La mortalidad por tuberculosis reúne características para ser estudiada con un enfoque de causa básica y de causa múltiple, debido a que compite frecuentemente con otras patologías como causa básica de muerte. Los objetivos de este estudio son caracterizar las defunciones por tuberculosis en ambas formas, utilizando las variables: tiempo, lugar y persona; cuantificar la concordancia entre las defunciones por tuberculosis registradas por el Programa Institucional, y el certificado de defunción, e identificar la contribución de esta enfermedad en la mortalidad con un enfoque multicausal, en Costa Rica, durante el periodo 2016-2019. Materiales y métodos: Estudio descriptivo. La población de estudio correspondió a todas las defunciones por tuberculosis y con tuberculosis registradas en el libro de registro del programa de de la Caja Costarricense de Seguro Social, ocurridas en 2016 - 2019. Por medio del expediente de salud se depuraron las defunciones registradas y se categorizaron de acuerdo con la Clasificación Internacional de Enfermedades 10 en defunciones por tuberculosis (A15 al A19), tuberculosis / virus de inmunodeficiencia humana (A15 al A19-B24 ), tuberculosis / diabetes mellitus (A15 al A19-E10,E11), tuberculosis / cáncer (A15 al A19-C34,22,18) y tuberculosis / otras (A15 al A19- J44,J45). En el certificado de defunción se revisó la secuencia informada de las causas de muerte y la causa contribuyente, para identificar la tuberculosis como causa básica o múltiple. Se agruparon los resultados por edad y se calculó: porcentajes, tasas, proporción de concordancia observada, proporción de concordancia esperada y el índice de Kappa (va de 0 a 1, y el 1 representa la máxima concordancia). Resultados: Durante el periodo de estudio (4 años), se registró un total de 113 defunciones, lo que corresponde a una tasa de mortalidad de 0,57 / 100 000 hab.; de éstas, el 73% (83) correspondió a personas del sexo masculino y el 27 %, al sexo femenino. El mayor número de defunciones ocurrió principalmente en el grupo de mayores de 65 años, tanto para los hombres como para las mujeres. La proporción de concordancia observada correspondió a un 0,77 %, y la proporción de concordancia esperada a un 26%. Al ser la proporción de concordancia observada mayor que la esperada, y con un índice de Kappa de 0,70, concluimos que la concordancia existente es considerable y se atribuye más a ser causal que al azar. El análisis de mortalidad de tubercolosis por causa múltiple no mostró cambios en la tasa de mortalidad, tomando en cuenta este evento como causa básica de defunción o como causa múltiple. Conclusiones: Con base en los resultados del estudio, se evidencia que existe una concordancia considerable entre el registro de las defunciones por tuberculosis anotadas en el libro del programa institucional y el certificado de defunción.


Abstract Background: Tuberculosis mortality has the characteristics to be studied as a basic and multiple cause of death, because it can be compared with other pathologies as a basic cause of death. The goals of this study are to characterize deaths from tuberculosis including basic and multiple cause of death using time, place and person as variables, to measure the concordance of deaths from tuberculosis recorded in the Institutional Program Record Book and death certificate; and to identify the contribution of this disease in mortality with a multicausal approach, in Costa Rica during the period 2016-2019. Methods: Descriptive study. The study population corresponded to all deaths from tuberculosis and tuberculosis recorded in the Program Registration Book of the Social Security Costa Rican entity, that occurred in the period between 2016 and 2019. Using the health files, the deaths registered in the Program Registration Book were purified and categorized according to International Classification of Diseases 10 in deaths due to tuberculosis (A15 through A19), tuberculosis/human immunodeficiency virus (A15 through A19-B24), tuberculosis/diabetes mellitus (A15 through A19-E10, E11), tuberculosis/cancer (A15 through A19 -C34,22,18) and tuberculosis/others (A15 through A19-J44, J45). In the death certificate, the reported sequence of the causes of death and the contributing cause to identify tuberculosis as a basic or multiple cause were reviewed. Percentages, rates, observed concordance ratio, expected concordance ratio and Kappa index were calculated (value from 0 to 1, 1 representing the maximum concordance). Results: During the study period (4 years), a total of 113 deaths were registered, with a mortality rate of 0.57/100,000 inhabitants. Of these, 73% (83) corresponded to the male sex and 27% (30) to the female sex. The highest number of deaths occurred mainly in the group of people over 65 years, for both men and women. The observed concordance ratio corresponded to 0.77% and the expected concordance ratio to 26%. Since the observed concordance ratio is greater than expected concordance ratio and when obtaining a Kappa index of 0.70, it is concluded that the existing concordance is attributed more causally than by chance. The multiple cause tuberculosis mortality analysis did not show changes in the mortality rate, taking this event into account only as a basic cause of death or as a multiple cause. Conclusions: The study made it possible to show that there is a considerable concordance between the register of deaths from tuberculosis recorded in the register of the Institutional Program and the death certificate.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Tuberculosis/mortality , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/mortality , Diabetes Mellitus/mortality , Costa Rica
2.
Saúde Redes ; 6(3): 113-127, 2020.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1248016

ABSTRACT

Objetivos: analisar a mortalidade neonatal no município de Picos­ PI de acordo com as informações contidas na Declaração de Óbito e Declaração de Nascido Vivo. Métodos: realizou­ se pesquisa documental, retrospectiva e quantitativa. Utilizou­se a técnica de linkage, possibilitando o cruzamento entre os bancos de dados do Sistema de Informação sobre Nascidos Vivos e do Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalizade. A população foi composta por todos os óbitos neonatais totalizando 72 óbitos ocorridos no período de 2011 a 2015. Resultados: houve predomínio de óbitos neonatais precoces e tardios em recém­ nascidos cujas mães tiveram gestação única (83,9%; 88,9%, respectivamente) e do sexo masculino (54,0%; 77,8%, respectivamente). O óbito neonatal esteve associado ao tipo de parto (redução de 60% nos partos cesarianos) e ao estabelecimento de saúde. As causas básicas mais frequentes do óbito neonatal precoce e tardio foram as afecções originadas no período perinatal e as septicemias bacterianas não especifica do recém-­nascido, respectivamente. Conclusões: espera-­se que esses resultados possam subsidiar mudanças nas práticas assistenciais, planejamento e organização da rede de atenção materno-­infantil no município.


Objectives: To analyze neonatal mortality in the municipality of Picos­P I according to the information contained in the Declaration of Death and Declaration of Live Birth. Methods: documental, retrospective and quantitative research was carried out. The linkage technique was used, allowing the crossing between the databases of the Information System on Live Births and the Information System on Mortalizade. The population was composed of all neonatal deaths, totaling 72 deaths in the period from 2011 to 2015. Results: There were predominant early and late neonatal deaths in newborns whose mothers had a single gestation (83.9%, 88.9% respectively) and males (54.0%, 77.8%, respectively). Neonatal death was associated with the type of delivery (reduction of 60 % i n cesarean deliveries) and health establishment. The most common underlying causes of early and late neonatal death were conditions originating in the perinatal period and non­specific bacterial septicemia of the newborn, respectively. Conclusions: it is expected that these results can subsidize changes in care practices, planning and organization of the maternal and child care network in the municipality.

3.
Rev. cuba. endocrinol ; 28(2): 0-0, may.-ago. 2017. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-901018

ABSTRACT

Introducción: el conocimiento acerca del grado de discrepancia del diagnóstico clínico corroborado por la necropsia, permitirá el mejoramiento del pensamiento clínico y de la calidad de la atención médica. Objetivos: determinar el nivel de discrepancia del diagnóstico de diabetes mellitus como causa básica de la muerte, según certificado médico de defunción, partiendo de las necropsias realizadas, así como determinar el nivel de contribución de las técnicas de recuperación estadística de los certificados médicos de defunción, en los que exista discrepancia clínico-anatomopatológica. Métodos: estudio observacional descriptivo, transversal en los fallecidos con diabetes mellitus, con necropsias realizadas, en hospitales de La Habana, en el año 2014 (n= 167). Resultados: el sexo y el grupo de edad más representado fueron: el femenino (106; 63,5 por ciento) y el de 60-79 años (93; 77,7 por ciento) respectivamente. Las causas directas de la muerte más frecuentes fueron el shock séptico (38; 22,7 por ciento), seguido del tromboembolismo pulmonar (27; 16,2 por ciento). La discrepancia entre el certificado médico de defunción y el resultado de la necropsia, en cuanto a la diabetes mellitus como causa básica de la muerte, fue de un 34,7 por ciento. El médico que más certificó la defunción fue el de guardia (138; 82,6 por ciento). De los 58 certificados médicos de defunción en los que no hubo discrepancia diagnóstica, el método de recuperación del diagnóstico de diabetes mellitus más frecuente fue el reparo (32; 52,6 por ciento), seguido del método de recodificación (26; 44,8 por ciento). Conclusiones: la discrepancia diagnóstica entre la causa directa de la muerte en el certificado médico de defunción y el resultado de la necropsia, de los fallecidos estudiados, presenta valores superiores al estándar propuesto(AU)


Introduction: the knowledge about the level of discrepancy of the clinical diagnosis corroborated by necropsy will allow improving the clinical thought and the quality of medical care. Objectives: to determine the level of discrepancy of the diabetes mellitus diagnosis as a basic cause of death, according to the medical death certificate, on the basis of performed necropsies, and to determine the level of contribution of statistical death certificate retrieval techniques when clinical and anatomopathological discrepancy exists. Methods: descriptive, observational and cross-sectional study of dead people with diabetes mellitus and performed necropsies in hospitals located in Havana in 2014 (n= 167). Results: the most representative sex and age group was females (106; 63.5 percent) and 50-79 y group (93; 77.7 percent), respectively. The most common direct causes of death were septic shock (38; 22.7 percent) followed by pulmonary thromboembolism (27; 16.2 percent). Discrepancy rate between the death certificate and the necropsy was 34.7 percent in terms of diabetes mellitus as the basic cause of death. The physician working in the emergency room was the one who gave the highest number of death certificates (138; 82.6 percent). In the 58 death certificates which showed no diagnostic discrepancies, the most frequent method of retrieval of diabetes mellitus diagnosis was the repair one (32; 52.6 percent), followed by the recoding method (26; 44.8 percent). Conclusions: diagnostic discrepancy between the direct cause of death written in the death certificate and the results of necropsy of the studied dead people showed some values higher than the suggested standard(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Autopsy/methods , Death Certificates , Underlying Cause of Death , Indicators of Morbidity and Mortality , Diabetes Mellitus/mortality
4.
Rev. cuba. med. mil ; 40(2): 168-173, abr.-un. 2011.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-615524

ABSTRACT

Introducción: la hipertensión arterial constituye el factor de riesgo mayor sobre la morbilidad y mortalidad de causa cardiovascular, estimado a través de los certificados de defunción. Objetivo: evaluar la repercusión de este factor de riesgo como causa de mortalidad. Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo de los pacientes fallecidos con hipertensión arterial entre el 2002 y 2007. Las variables estudiadas fueron: edad, sexo, color de la piel, causa directa de muerte, causa básica de muerte, causa contribuyente de muerte y correlación clínica/patológica. Resultados: se encontró que el 9,1 por ciento de los fallecidos eran hipertensos, el grupo de edad más afectado fue el de 65 a 74 años (23,4 por ciento) y la edad promedio fue de 65 años. En 248 fallecidos existió coincidencia diagnóstica total en la causa directa de muerte (74,6 por ciento) y en 236 en la causa básica de muerte (71,0 por ciento). La hipertensión arterial constituyó la causa básica de muerte en el 59,3 por ciento y la causa contribuyente de muerte en el 18,97 por ciento. En más de la mitad de los casos, la hipertensión arterial participó en los mecanismos de muerte a través de la causa básica de muerte y causa contribuyente de muerte. Conclusiones: la hipertensión arterial constituye un determinante causal en la mortalidad y progresión del daño vascular aterosclerótico


Introduction: high blood pressure is a major risk factor on the morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular origin according to the death certificate, Objective: to assess the repercussion of this risk factor as cause of death. Methods: a retrospective and descriptive study was conducted in patients deceased with high blood pressure between 2002 and 2007. Study variables were: age, sex, skin color, direct cause of death, basic cause of death, contributing cause of death and clinical/pathological correlation. Results: there found that the 9.1 percent of deceases were hypertensive, the more involved age group was that of 65-74 years (23.4 percent) and the mean age was of 65 years. In 248 deceased there was a total diagnostic coincidence in relation to the direct cause of death (74.6 percent) and in 236 deceased in the basic cause of death (71.0 percent). High blood pressure was the basic cause of death in the 59.3 percent and the contributing cause of death in the 18.97 percent. In more than a half of cases, high blood pressure was involved in the death mechanisms through the basic and the contributing cause of death. Conclusions: High blood pressure is a causal determinant factor in the mortality and the progression of atherosclerotic vascular damage

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