ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the serum beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) profile following preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) is lower than that of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles. METHODS: A total of 129 PGD cycles and 1,161 age-matched ICSI cycles, which resulted in pregnancy (serum beta-hCG> or =5 mIU/mL) on post-ovulation day (POD) 12 were included. We compared the mean serum beta-hCG levels on POD 12, 14, 21, and 28, doubling time of serum hCG, and created a cut-off value for predicting a singleton pregnancy in each group. RESULTS: The mean serum beta-hCG concentration of the PGD group was significantly lower than that of the control group on POD 12, 14, and 21. The doubling time of serum beta-hCG at each time interval showed no significant difference. The cut-off-value of serum beta-hCG for predicting a single viable pregnancy was 32.5 mIU/mL on POD 12 and 113.5 mIU/mL on POD 14 for the PGD group, which was lower than that for the control group. CONCLUSION: Blastomere biopsy may decrease the beta-hCG-producing activity of the trophoblasts, especially in early pregnancy. Setting a lower cut-off value of serum beta-hCG for predicting pregnancy outcomes in PGD may be needed.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Pregnancy , Biopsy , Blastomeres , Chorionic Gonadotropin , Pregnancy Outcome , Preimplantation Diagnosis , Prostaglandins D , Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic , TrophoblastsABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the serum beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) profile following preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) is lower than that of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles. METHODS: A total of 129 PGD cycles and 1,161 age-matched ICSI cycles, which resulted in pregnancy (serum beta-hCG> or =5 mIU/mL) on post-ovulation day (POD) 12 were included. We compared the mean serum beta-hCG levels on POD 12, 14, 21, and 28, doubling time of serum hCG, and created a cut-off value for predicting a singleton pregnancy in each group. RESULTS: The mean serum beta-hCG concentration of the PGD group was significantly lower than that of the control group on POD 12, 14, and 21. The doubling time of serum beta-hCG at each time interval showed no significant difference. The cut-off-value of serum beta-hCG for predicting a single viable pregnancy was 32.5 mIU/mL on POD 12 and 113.5 mIU/mL on POD 14 for the PGD group, which was lower than that for the control group. CONCLUSION: Blastomere biopsy may decrease the beta-hCG-producing activity of the trophoblasts, especially in early pregnancy. Setting a lower cut-off value of serum beta-hCG for predicting pregnancy outcomes in PGD may be needed.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Pregnancy , Biopsy , Blastomeres , Chorionic Gonadotropin , Pregnancy Outcome , Preimplantation Diagnosis , Prostaglandins D , Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic , TrophoblastsABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the effect of different amplification methods and probes with various length on the results of comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) analysis of pre-implanted single blastomere and to establish the basis for preimplantation genetic diagnosis.Methods Twenty blastomeres of embryo at 6-8 cells stage were randomly divided into A and B group with 10 in each.Twenty peripheral blood lymphocytes from a healthy man were similarly divided into C and D group with 10 in each.Degenerate oligonucleotide primed polymerase chain reaction (DOP-PCR) was used to amplify whole genomic DNA in group A and C,and multiple displacement amplification (MDA) was used in group B and D for whole genome amplification (WGA).The specificity of resultant products was confirmed by amplification of TBX1 gene exon 2.CGH was performed respectively with 250-750 bp and 750-2000 bp probes prepared from the amplified whole genomic DNA.The result of CGH was verified by sex-determining region of Y (SRY).Results (1) Nine of the 10 samples in group A and all in group C were amplifiable by DOP-PCR,but there were multiple non-specific bands in the amplification of TBX1 exon 2 when WGA products were used as templates.When 250～750 bp probe was used in CGH,1 of the 5 blastomeres was failed and another one had different karyotype from that analyzed by SRY.(2) All samples in group B and D were successfully amplified by MDA,and the non-specific bands were significantly less in the amplification of TBX1 exon 2.All 5 blastomeres were successful in CGH with the 250～750 bp probe.Moreover,the karyotype was in agreement with that of SRY.(3) When 750 ～ 2000 bp probe was used,the CGH results were suboptimal.Conclusions In WGA of single blastomere,MDA is superior to DOP-PCR in the stability and specificity.The karyotype image detected by CGH with the 250～750 bp probe is clear and homogenous.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: Human infertility clinics have been faced the demand for improving clinical results. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of microsurgical removal of damaged blastomeres (DB) in frozen-thawed embryos on the clinical outcomes. METHODS: From January 2003 to May 2004, out of 258 thawing ET cycles were divided into three groups: Group-1 (n=46): Intact cleavaged embryos after thawing. Remained cycles with embryos containing DB were randomly divided into two groups. Group-2 (n=102): Drilling zona pellucida (ZP) of frozen-thawed embryos by acidified Tyrode's solution. Group-3 (n=110): Drilling ZP and removal of DB. Embryos after microsurgical manipulation were transferred into the uterus of patients. RESULTS: Clinical profiles and the mean number of transferred embryos among three groups were not different. Pregnancy and implantation rates were similar in three groups. It were 30.4% and 9.3% in Group-1, 29.4% and 7.8% in Group-2, and 26.4% and 7.6% in group-3, respectively. Miscarriage rate in Group-3 (37.9%) was slightly higher than those in Group-1 and Group-2 (14.3% and 23.3%), but it was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Intact cleaving embryos after DB removal showed higher potent of pregnancy and implantation. We could not find any improvement of clinical outcome by removal of DB in frozen-thawed embryos.