ABSTRACT
One-hour post-load glucose concentration (1hPG) ≥155 mg/dl (8.6 mmol/L) in individuals with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) was correlated with increased risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus. This paper is the Chinese translation " One-hour post-load hyperglycemia: implications for prediction and prevention of type 2 diabetes" , published on " The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism" [ Fiorentino TV, Marini MA, Succurro E, et al. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2018,103(9):3131-3143] after obtaining the copyright of the original journal. In this review, the authors analyzed the role of 1hPG measurement in prediction of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. They used MEDLINE and included all English studies published up to February 2018 in peer-reviewed journals that examined the relationship between 1hPG and diabetes, cardio-metabolic alterations, organ damage, and cardiovascular disease. The results showed that although 1hPG was not adopted by American Diabetes Association for identifying high-risk individuals, the available evidence indicated that, among subjects with NGT, a value of 1hPG≥155 mg/dl is helpful to identify those at increased risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
ABSTRACT
Efforts to preserve β-cell mass in the preclinical stages of type 1 diabetes (T1D) are limited by few blood-derived biomarkers of β-cell destruction. Platelets are proposed to be the sources of blood-derived biomarkers for a variety of diseases, and they show distinct proteomic changes in T1D. Thus, studying these proteomic changes may provide us with biomarkers of β-cell destruction. This paper is the Chinese translation of " Exocytosis protein DOC2B as a biomarker of type 1 diabetes" , published on " The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism" in May 2018 [Aslamy A, Oh E, Ahn M, et al. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2018, 103(5): 1966-1976] after obtaining the copyright from the original journal. This study aimed to investigate the changes in the exocytosis protein double C2 domain protein-β (DOC2B) in platelets and islets from T1D humans, pre-diabetic NOD mice, and from T1D patients after islet transplantation. The results showed that the DOC2B protein abundances were substantially reduced in platelets of prediabetic NOD mouse and new-onset T1D patients, while platelet DOC2B levels were increased after islet transplantation in T1D patients. Thus, reduction of DOC2B is an early feature of T1D, and DOC2B abundance may serve as a valuable in vivo indicator of β-cell mass as well as an earlier biomarker of T1D. (Chin J Endocrinol Metab, 2018, 34: 615-622)