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RESUMO O presente trabalho apresenta e discute a criação conjunta de histórias em quadrinho como objeto intermediário e intraintermediário na psicoterapia psicodramática com crianças. Foram realizados um relato de experiência do caso G e um estudo da arte, possibilitando reconhecer histórias em quadrinho como objetos intermediários e intraintermediários conforme o objetivo de sua utilização nas sessões, permitindo o uso de técnicas psicodramáticas, diminuindo o campo tenso e recuperando a criatividade-espontaneidade do paciente. Foi possível concluir que o emprego de histórias em quadrinho propicia maior vínculo entre terapeuta e criança, além de fornecer meios ao paciente de se expressar sem receio, abrindo espaço para o jogar psicodramático, para a cocriação e para o encontro de novas respostas para situações vividas.
RESUMEN El presente trabajo presenta y discute la Creación Conjunta de Cómics como Objeto Intermedio y Intra Intermedio, en psicoterapia psicodramática con niños. Se realizó un relato de experiencia del caso G., y se estudió el arte, permitiendo reconocer los cómics como Objetos Intermedios e Intra Intermedios según la finalidad de su uso en las sesiones, permitiendo el uso de técnicas psicodramáticas, reduciendo el tiempo. campo y recuperando la creatividad-espontaneidad del paciente. Es posible concluir que el uso de cómics proporciona un mayor vínculo entre terapeuta y niño, además de brindar medios para que el paciente se exprese sin miedo, abriendo espacio para el juego psicodramático, para la co-creación y la búsqueda de nuevas respuestas a situaciones vividas.
ABSTRACT The current paper aimed to comprehend the cooperative comic stories' creation as an intermediary and an intra-intermediary object, becoming a potential practice to be used during psychodramatic psychotherapy with children. An experience report on case G and a study of art were carried out, making it possible to recognize comic books as intermediate and intra-intermediate objects according to the objective of their use in the sessions, allowing the use of psychodramatic techniques, reducing the tense field and recovering patient's creativity-spontaneity. It was possible to conclude that the use of comic books provides a greater bond between therapist and child, in addition to providing means for the patient to express themselves without fear, opening space for psychodramatic play, for co-creation and for finding new responses to situations experienced.
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SUMMARY: For students in schools of nursing, health sciences, and premed, a systemic anatomy textbook with minimized contents, schematics, and mnemonics may be helpful for learning an otherwise often unappealing subject. In this study, we assess the educational effect of such a textbook. Schematic drawings, anatomy comics, and easily readable text were generated for the chapters of the book (e.g., skeletal system, articular system). The book was presented without charge via a webpage (anatomy.co.kr). Nursing students who were exposed to the book and those who were not exposed were compared; a survey was administered to those who were exposed. The students who read the presented textbook were more knowledgeable than those who used other textbooks. Hours spent reading the presented textbook and scores of fill-in-the-blank questions were positively correlated. In general, the students replied that the presented textbook was helpful for learning systemic anatomy. The systemic anatomy textbook accompanies preexisting textbooks in regional anatomy, neuroanatomy, and the histology, all of which are written by the same authors. We suggest anatomy instructors generate their own books with unique style to enrich the student learning process.
Para los estudiantes de las escuelas de enfermería, ciencias de la salud y premedicina, un libro de texto de anatomía sistémica con contenidos, esquemas y mnemónicos minimizados puede ser útil para aprender un tema que de otro modo sería poco atractivo. En este estudio, evaluamos el efecto educativo de dicho libro de texto. Se generaron dibujos esquemáticos, cómics de anatomía y texto de fácil lectura para los capítulos del libro (por ejemplo, sistema esquelético, sistema articular). El libro se presentó sin costo a través de una página web (anatomy.co.kr). Se compararon los estudiantes de enfermería que estuvieron expuestos al libro y los que no estuvieron expuestos. Se administró una encuesta a quienes estuvieron expuestos. Los estudiantes que leyeron el libro de texto presentado tenían más conocimientos que aquellos que usaron otros libros de texto. Las horas dedicadas a leer el libro de texto presentado y las decenas de preguntas para completar espacios en blanco se correlacionaron positivamente. En general, los estudiantes respondieron que el libro de texto presentado fue útil para aprender anatomía sistémica. El libro de texto de anatomía sistémica acompaña a los libros de texto preexistentes de anatomía regional, neuroanatomía e histología, todos escritos por los mismos autores. Sugerimos que los instructores de anatomía generen sus propios libros con un estilo único para enriquecer el proceso de aprendizaje de los estudiantes.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Students, Nursing , Books, Illustrated , Internet , Anatomy/education , Cartoons as Topic , Surveys and Questionnaires , LearningABSTRACT
SUMMARY: Many students regard neuroanatomy as a terrifying subject due to the complicated neuronal connections. Purpose of this research was to promote the easy and logical learning of neuroanatomy by systematizing a rule "three neurons of afferent nerves." The rule, in which the second neuron decussates and reaches the thalamus, was applied to as many structures as possible. The three neurons are drawn in a constant pattern to intuitively demonstrate the rule. The rule could be applied not only to the spinothalamic tract, medial lemniscus pathway, sensory cranial nerves (visual pathway, trigeminothalamic tract, taste pathway, and auditory pathway) and ascending reticular activating system, but also to the pontocerebellum (afferent to cerebrum), basal nuclei (direct pathway), and limbic system (medial limbic circuit). Exceptionally, some afferent nerves do not exactly follow the suggested rule. This simple rule, which corresponds to many pathways of the neuroanatomy, is expected to make the learning by novice students easier.
Muchos estudiantes consideran la neuroanatomía como un tema aterrador debido a las complicadas conexiones neuronales. El propósito de esta investigación fue promover el aprendizaje fácil y lógico de la neuroanatomía mediante la sistematización de una regla "tres neuronas de los nervios aferentes". La regla, en la que la segunda neurona se decusa y llega al tálamo, se aplicó a todas las estructuras cuando esto fue posible. Las tres neuronas se dibujan en un patrón constante para demostrar la regla intuitivamente. La regla podría aplicarse no solo al tracto espinotalámico, la vía del lemnisco medial, los nervios craneales sensoriales (vía visual, tracto trigeminotalámico, vía gustativa y vía auditiva) y el sistema de activación reticular ascendente, sino también al pontocerebelo (aferente al cerebro), núcleos basales (vía directa) y sistema límbico (circuito límbico medial). Excepcionalmente, algunos nervios aferentes no siguen exactamente la regla sugerida. Se espera que esta simple regla, que corresponde a muchas vías de la neuroanatomía, facilite el aprendizaje de los estudiantes principiantes.
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Humans , Neuroanatomy/education , Neurons, Afferent , Education, Medical, Undergraduate , LearningABSTRACT
SUMMARY: Numerous students perceive neuroanatomy as a particularly difficult subject due to its overwhelming complexity. Therefore, a neuroanatomy book that concentrates on easy-to-read stories with schematics rather than exhaustive details has been published. This study evaluates the effect of a trial of the new neuroanatomy book on student learning. From the book, a printout on the brainstem and cranial nerve was extracted. Medical students read the printout, and subsequently were examined on their knowledge of and interest in neuroanatomy. Students who read the extract answered examination questions relatively well and were more interested in neuroanatomy. The printout seemed to enhance the knowledge and concentration of the students. After grasping the fundamental information in the book, students are expected to be able to learn advanced concepts comfortably and confidently. In addition, the book with its concise and simple content is suitable not only for short- duration neuroanatomy courses but also for self-learning.
Muchos estudiantes perciben la neuroanatomía como un tema particularmente difícil debido a su abrumadora complejidad. Por lo tanto, se ha publicado un libro de neuroanatomía que se concentra en historias fáciles de leer con esquemas en lugar de detalles exhaustivos. Este estudio evalúa el efecto de una prueba del nuevo libro de neuroanatomía en el aprendizaje de los estudiantes. Del libro, se extrajo una impresión sobre el tronco encefálico y los nervios craneales. Los estudiantes de medicina leyeron la copia impresa y, posteriormente, se les examinó su conocimiento e interés por la neuroanatomía. Los estudiantes que leyeron el extracto respondieron relativamente bien a las preguntas del examen y estaban más interesados en la neuroanatomía. La impresión parecía mejorar el conocimiento y la concentración de los estudiantes. Después de comprender la información fundamental del libro, se espera que los estudiantes puedan aprender conceptos avanzados con comodidad y confianza. Además, el libro con su contenido conciso y simple es adecuado no solo para cursos de neuroanatomía de corta duración, sino también, para el autoaprendizaje.
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Humans , Male , Female , Students, Medical , Books, Illustrated , Learning , Neuroanatomy/education , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
BACKGROUND@#Early studies show e-reading to be better in some impact assessment indicators. However, newer studies on Information and Communication Technology (ICT) devices shows various role of user behavior, device properties, and media properties in calculated environmental impacts. There is a need to study scenarios of media use such as printed media and its digitized forms to determine use scenarios that would minimize environmental impacts.@*OBJECTIVES@#The objectives of the study are the following: to model the life cycle from cradle to use phase of reading one textbook in both print and e-book format and to compare the impact of reading textbooks in print with impact of reading textbooks in E-book format.@*METHODS@#A functional unit of 280-page textbook read in 1 year was the basis for modelling life cycle from cradle to use phase of both print and e-book formats of a textbook. Processes related to paper production, printing and manufacture are based on United States Life Cycle Inventory Database. Processes related to E-book reading are taken from the Life Cycle Analysis of Sony Z5 mobile Phone. Normalized outputs on impact assessments were compared using Tools for Reduction and Assessment of Chemicals and Other Environmental Impacts (TRACI 2.1).@*RESULTS@#Use of Mobile Phone to read e-books is better in 4 out of 7 impact categories (Acidification Potential, Human Health-Cancer, Human Health – non-Cancer and Ozone Depletion) than reading using traditional textbooks. Reading traditional books is better in 2 out of 7 impact categories (Eutrophication and Freshwater Ecotoxicity). Global warming potential has comparable values between reading in print and in soft copy. @*CONCLUSION@#Depending on impact assessment of concern, either reading using mobile phone or thru printed textbook would give a better impact. It is also suggested to create hybrid activities that could model scenarios using both printed and soft copies of textbooks.
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To summarize and analyze the clinical application characteristics of Qugu (CV 2) in ancient and modern literature based on data mining technology. The Chinese Medical Code (the 5th edition) was taken as the retrieval source of ancient literature, while the CNKI, Wanfang, and VIP databases were taken as the retrieval source of modern literature. The indications of Qugu (CV 2) used alone or with compatible acupoints, compatible acupoints, acupuncture-moxibustion manipulation, etc., were systematically sorted out. As a result, a total of 140 articles of ancient literature were included. The common indications of Qugu (CV 2) used alone were urinary retention, profuse vaginal discharge and hernia. The common indications of Qugu (CV 2) used with compatible acupoints were profuse vaginal discharge, stranguria and hernia. Sixty-four acupoints were concurrently used with Qugu (CV 2), Qugu (CV 2) was mainly compatible with acupoints of conception vessel, bladder meridian and liver meridian, and the high-frequency acupoints included Zhongji (CV 3), Guanyuan (CV 4) and Sanyinjiao (SP 6); five-shu points were the most used special acupoints, and moxibustion therapy was often used. A total of 73 modern articles were included. The common indications of Qugu (CV 2) used alone were urinary retention, erectile dysfunction and chronic prostatitis; the common indications of Qugu (CV 2) used with compatible scupoints were urinary retention, erectile dysfunction and prostatic hyperplasia. Thirty-six acupoints were concurrently used with Qugu (CV 2), Qugu (CV 2) was mainly compatible with acupoints of conception vessel, kidney meridian and spleen meridian, and the high-frequency acupoints included Zhongji (CV 3), Guanyuan (CV 4) and Zusanli (ST 36); front-mu points were the most used special acupoints, and acupuncture therapy was often used. Qugu (CV 2) treats a wide range of diseases in ancient times, the distant treatment effectiveness of acupoints is emphasized; and it mainly treats local diseases in modern times, the nearby treatment effectiveness of acupoints is emphasized.
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Female , Male , Humans , Literature, Modern , Erectile Dysfunction , Urinary Retention , Meridians , Acupuncture Therapy , Acupuncture Points , Moxibustion , Vaginal DischargeABSTRACT
The standardization of classification methods of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) ancient books can provide a clear and reliable reference for all kinds of TCM ancient books collection units, which can also promote the sharing and utilization of TCM ancient books. We studied and investigated the classification methods of TCM ancient books in past dynasties. The standard on classification of TCM ancient books was formulated by compared with the classification table of Zhongguo Zhongyi Guji Zongmu, and referred to the classification table of Zhonghua Guji Zongmu. This standard specified three-level categories and classification principles of TCM ancient books, and mainly composed of basic categories, three-level category table, classification principles and examples, and instructions for use.
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The classic formula Wuyaotang is the 49th of the 100 formulas in the Catalogue of Ancient Classic Prescriptions (First Batch) issued by the National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, and is from the Secrets from the Orchid Chamber (《兰室秘藏》) by LI Dongyuan of the Jin Dynasty. It is composed of Angelicae Sinensis Radix, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Aucklandiae Radix, Linderae Radix, and Cyperi Rhizoma, and has the effect of moving Qi, regulating meridians, and relieving pain. It is mainly indicated for Qi stagnation and blood stasis syndrome. Based on the ancient books on Wuyaotang, this study systematically reviewed the formula source, composition, dosage, preparation, usage, functions, indications, preparation principle, drug processing, modification, etc. of Wuyaotang with the bibliometrics method, explored its historical evolution, and determined the key information. Statistical analysis of its modern literature shows that there are few studies of the original formula of Wuyaotang, and the clinical studies mainly focus on modified Wuyaotang. It has a wide range of treatment scope and can be used for the treatment of dysmenorrhea, delayed menstrual cycle, hypomenorrhea, and menstrual fever, as well as ulcerative colitis, spleen distortion, sciatica, child intestinal spasm, and other internal, surgical, gynecological, and pediatric diseases. The pathogenesis in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is Qi stagnation. Through the analysis and research on ancient books and modern literature recording Wuyaotang, this study is expected to provide a scientific basis for the clinical application, in-depth research, and development of the classic formula Wuyaotang.
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The classic formula Zhulingtang, derived from the medical work Treatise on Cold Damage (《伤寒论》) compiled by ZHANG Zhongjing, a medical sage in the Eastern Han Dynasty, has been included in the Catalogue of Ancient Classic Formulas (First Batch) published by the National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine in 2018. Using the method of textual research, this study systematically reviewed ancient and modern literature to conduct a historical and textual analysis of Zhulingtang, including its origin, composition, dosage, processing, decoction methods, efficacy, and applications. A total of 733 pieces of relevant information related to Zhulingtang were collected, involving 206 ancient Chinese medical texts, with 52 of them providing detailed records of the composition, dosage, processing, and efficacy of Zhulingtang. The results of the analysis showed that Zhulingtang was composed of Polyporus, Poria, Alismatis Rhizoma, Asini Corii Colla, and Talcum. Polyporus and Poria should be used without their peels, Asini Corii Colla should be stir-fried with clam powder, and Talcum should be ground into powder or soaked in water. Based on the conversion of ancient and modern dosages, Polyporus, Poria, Alismatis Rhizoma, and Talcum, 15.63 g for each one, were decocted with 800 mL of water to 400 mL. Then the drug residue was removed, and 15.63 g of Asini Corii Colla was added to the drug juice for melting by heating. The decoction should be taken warm, 140 mL each time, three times a day. Zhulingtang has the effects of promoting diuresis, nourishing yin, and clearing heat, and it is mainly used to treat water-heat combination syndrome, characterized by symptoms such as difficult urination, fever, and thirst. Modern research indicates that Zhulingtang is commonly used to treat diseases such as cirrhotic ascites, chronic glomerulonephritis, nephrotic syndrome, diarrhea, and urinary tract infections. This study provides key information about the famous formula Zhulingtang, which can serve as a reference for further development and research on its application.
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Danggui Buxuetang， derived from Clarifying Doubts about Damage from Internal and External Causes （Volume 2）： Treatise on Heat Injury to Stomach Qi（《内外伤辨惑论卷中·暑伤胃气论》） by LI Dongyuan in the Jin and Yuan dynasties， is a classic and famous formula for tonifying qi and generating blood that has been inherited and promoted by successive generations of medical practitioners and has been included in the "Catalogue of Ancient Classical Prescriptions （First Batch）" published by the National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine in 2018. The paper analyzed the historical origin， composition， dosage， processing， preparation， decocting， and taking methods， efficacy， and application of the classic formula Danggui Buxuetang by consulting ancient and modern literature and combining the key information examination principles of ancient classic prescriptions. A total of 604 pieces of information on relevant ancient literature were collected， including 186 ancient Chinese medical books， of which 40 （five in the Jin and Yuan dynasties， 19 in the Ming Dynasty， and 16 in the Qing Dynasty） had detailed records of composition， processing， and dosage. Danggui Buxuetang is mainly comprised of Astragali Radix and Angelicae Sinensis Radix. According to the ancient and modern dose conversion， there are 37.3-38.1 g of Astragali Radix and 7.5-7.6 g of Angelicae Sinensis Radix in the formula. Astragali Radix is preferably fried with honey and Angelicae Sinensis Radix with wine. Astragali Radix and Angelicae Sinensis Radix are decocted with 600 mL of water to 300 mL， and taken warm before meals. The main effect of this formula are described in ancient books as blood deficiency and fever， with symptoms of muscle fever， dryness and heat， irritability and thirst， red eyes and face， sleeplessness in daytime and night， and surging and feeble pulse which is weak under hard pressing， and it is a famous formula for replenishing qi and generating blood. Modern research shows that Danggui Buxuetang is commonly used in the treatment of various kinds of anemia， diabetic nephropathy， tumors， and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. The above research results can provide a reference for the subsequent development and research on the classic formula Danggui Buxuetang.
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Objective:Using the information technology of knowledge element theory to analyze the content of the ancient Chinese medicine book Nv Ke Xin Fa, and to explore the original thinking and implicit knowledge of the author of the book Nv Ke Xin Fa. Methods:Based on the theory and technology of knowledge element, the indexing data was read as logical data by using MS SQL Server database and then the knowledge graph of traditional Chinese medicine was constructed by using neo4j database.Results:There are 345 knowledge bodies and 1 478 knowledge elements in the Nv Ke Xin Fa, mainly including prescription name (280), composition (275) and usage (224); There are 711 semantic types, mainly including prescriptions (232), etiology and pathogenesis (221), syndrome manifestations (125) and treatment (88); 187 semantic associations, mainly syndrome differentiation and treatment (172); Knowledge of semantic association.There are 34 body types, with leucorrhea (16), amenorrhea (13), blood Avalanche (13) and asthenia (13). Conclusions:Zheng Qinyu paid attention to distinguishing the texture of leucorrhea in the treatment of leucorrhea, put forward the pathogenesis and treatment principles and methods of leucorrhea in the stages of "before childbirth" and "after childbirth", and made it clear that the application scope of Buzhong Yiqi Decoction involves menstruation, leucorrhea, pregnancy and the whole cycle of childbirth.Mrs Zheng Qinyu pays great attention to the protection on the spleen and stomach of the middle coke and regulation of Qi that could rise and fall, which could provide a reference for modern clinical diagnosis and treatment of leukorrhagia diseases.
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Objective:To explore the medication and prescription rules in ancient Chinese medicine books in the treatment of premature ejaculation based on Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Inheritance Supporting Platform.Methods:Search for the relevant literature concerning treating premature ejaculation with TCM in the ancient books before 1949, conduct data mining with Traditional Chinese Medicine Inheritance Supporting Platform, analyze the medication and the prescription rules, so as to summarize the academic thoughts of the ancient physicians in treating premature ejaculation.Results:Among 39 selected eligible ancient books, a total of 45 prescriptions were included, involving 118 kinds of Chinese medicines. Among them, 14 Chinese medicines were used more than 10 times. The top five Chinese medicines were Ginseng radix et rhizoma, Schisandrae chinensis fructus, Dioscoreae rhizoma, Polygalae radix, Atractylodis macrocephalae rhizoma; in the classification of Chinese medicines tonic Chinese medicine, tranquilizers, and astringent are used frequently. The most frequently used Chinese medicine pairs were Corni fructus- Ginseng radix et rhizoma, Ginseng radix et rhizoma- Dioscoreae rhizoma, Ginseng radix et rhizoma- Atractylodis macrocephalae rhizoma; 33 core combinations of 3 Chinese mediciness and 4 core combinations of 4 Chinese medicines were obtained. Conclusion:The medication that could treat premature ejaculation in the ancient TCM books are mainlythe kidney, liver, and heart meridian. The main principle is to invigorate the kidney, replenish the essence, and replenishing qi and soothing the nerves. It can provide reference for clinical treatment of premature ejaculation.
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Objective To explore the effect and significance of electronic account books on the management of anesthesia and psychotropic drugs. Methods The data of electronic account books from January 2020 to June 2020 in the inpatient pharmacy of the hospital (observation group), and manual account books from July 2019 to December 2019 (control group) were collected respectively. The data of daily accounting time, monthly settlement accounting time and accounting accuracy between the two groups were compared and analyzed. Results The daily average time for pharmacists to manually accounting was (162.8±22.5) min, and the daily average time for pharmacists to make accounts electronically was (33.2±7.0) min. It took (245.5±7.2) min for manual accounting of monthly settlement and (46.8±2.5) min for electronic accounting of monthly settlement. The accuracy rate of daily counting records, special account books, special register and empty ampoule waste paste recovery records included in electronic accounting is up to 100%. Conclusion The implementation of electronic account books not only significantly improved the work efficiency of pharmacists, but also strengthened drug supervision, formed a comprehensive traceability system, which could ensure the safety of clinical medication, and make the management of narcotic psychotropic drugs more efficient and standardized.
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SUMMARY: COVID-19 has forced anatomists to perform non-face-to-face education using lecture videos. A Korean anatomist has given (white and black) board lectures and distributed lecture videos to the public for many years. This study was to verify the effects of open board lecture videos in the anatomy field. A questionnaire survey was carried out with the help of medical students who were exposed to the board lecture videos. The video provider uploaded the lecture videos on YouTube, where the viewing numbers were counted. At a medical school where the video provider belonged, the students mainly watched the lecture videos before the anatomy class. The watching hours of the lecture videos were related to the written examination scores. Students gave positive and negative comments on the board lectures. At the other two medical schools, students partly watched the lecture videos regardless of the teacher who delivered the lectures. The results suggested that students understood the board lectures themselves. On YouTube, the lecture videos were viewed by approximately 1,000 students. This paper introduces the desirable aspects of open board lecture videos on anatomy. The videos could enhance the quality of both students and teacher.
RESUMEN: COVID-19 ha obligado a los anatomistas a realizar una enseñanza no presencial mediante videos de conferencias. Un anatomista coreano ha impartido conferencias (en blanco y negro) y ha distribuido videos de conferencias al público durante muchos años. El objetivo de este estudio fue verificar los efectos de los videos de conferencias de pizarra abierta en el campo de la anatomía. Se llevó a cabo una encuesta con la ayuda de estudiantes de medicina que habían sido expuestos a los videos de conferencias de la pizarra. El proveedor de videos subió los videos de las conferencias a YouTube, donde se contabilizó el número de visualizaciones. En una facultad de medicina a la que pertenecía el proveedor de videos, los estudiantes vieron principalmente los videos de conferencias antes de la clase de anatomía. Las horas de revisión de los vídeos de las conferencias se relacionaron con las puntuaciones de los exámenes escritos. Los estudiantes dieron comentarios positivos y negativos sobre las conferencias de la pizarra. En las otras dos facultades de medicina, los estudiantes vieron parcialmente los videos de las clases, independientemente del profesor que las impartiera. Los resultados sugerían que los estudiantes entendieron las conferencias de la pizarra por sí mismos. En YouTube, los videos de las conferencias fueron vistos por aproximadamente 1000 estudiantes. Este artículo presenta los aspectos deseables de los videos de conferencias abiertas sobre anatomía. Los videos podrían mejorar la calidad tanto de los estudiantes como del profesor.
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Humans , Students, Medical , Video Recording , Education, Distance , Anatomy, Regional/education , Surveys and Questionnaires , Education, Medical, Undergraduate , Republic of KoreaABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Many students dislike Physical Education classes in Brazil because of content repetition, unsatisfactory curricular organization, among other factors. The purpose of this study is to assess the efficiency of a proposal for Physical Education classes, which includes contents of physical activities and the use of comic books application. This is a qualitative study, which comprises both bibliographic and field researches. Twelve classes were held to a group of eight graders from a public school in the city of Piracicaba/SP/Brazil. Questionnaires were used to evaluate the proposal for Physical Education classes. We found out that the use of comic books application is an effective teaching resource, as it reveals the students' experiences, what they felt, and the mediation between their "rational" and "sensitive" knowledge about physical activities. There is evidence that our experience has provided participating students with: 1- Leisure education and health education, 2- Awakening to knowledge of the body culture of movement, 3- Access to some leisure contents, mainly those related to physical, sports and artistic ones, 4- The creation of comics by App Flaras.
RESUMEN A muchos estudiantes no les gustan las clases de Educación Física en Brasil debido a la repetición de contenidos, organización curricular insatisfactoria, entre otros factores. El propósito de este estudio es evaluar la eficiencia de una propuesta de clases de Educación Física, que incluye contenidos de actividades físicas y el uso de la aplicación de cómics. Se trata de un estudio cualitativo, que comprende tanto investigaciones bibliográficas como de campo. Se impartieron doce clases a un grupo de ocho alumnos de una escuela pública de la ciudad de Piracicaba / SP / Brasil. Se utilizaron cuestionarios para evaluar la propuesta de clases de Educación Física. Descubrimos que el uso de la aplicación de cómics es un recurso didáctico eficaz, ya que revela las experiencias de los estudiantes, lo que sentían y la mediación entre sus conocimientos "racionales" y "sensibles" sobre las actividades físicas. Existe evidencia de que nuestra experiencia ha proporcionado a los estudiantes: 1. Educación para el ocio participativa y educación para la salud, 2. Despertar al conocimiento de la cultura corporal del movimiento, 3. Acceso a algunos contenidos de ocio, principalmente los relacionados con los físicos, deportivos y artísticos, y 4. La creación de cómics por App Flaras.
Subject(s)
Humans , Physical Education and Training , Exercise , Teaching/education , Brazil , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
As tecnologias ilustradas tem sido um artifício amplamente utilizado para a educação em saúde bucal, sendo as histórias em quadrinhos um formato ainda pouco explorado no que se refere à validação e análise da sua eficácia para com o público-alvo. Este estudo objetivou avaliar a efetividade de uma história em quadrinhos no processo de educação em saúde bucal a crianças entre 06 e 12 anos atendidas na clínica de Odontopediatria de uma policlínica odontológica na Amazônia brasileira. Uma revista em quadrinhos lúdico-educativa foi confeccionada, validada e incorporada em um kit contendo 01 escova dental, 01 fio dental e 01 creme dental. Posteriormente foi aplicado um questionário com os pais (N=50), antes e depois da entrega dos kits, que avaliava os cuidados de higiene bucal da criança e as impressões sobre o impacto dos quadrinhos sobre a higiene bucal de seus filhos. Os resultados foram analisados descritivamente, por meio de frequências absolutas e porcentagens sendo usado o teste de McNemar (p<0,05). Verificou-se o aumento de 55,32% das crianças que passaram a usar o fio dental após implementação metodológica. Constatou-se, ainda, não haver diferença estatística entre a frequência de escovação após a entrega do kit (p=0.873), havendo, entretanto, aumento significativo na frequência do uso do fio dental entre as crianças avaliadas (p=0.0401). Os quadrinhos mostraram-se estatisticamente eficazes no aumento da frequência do uso do fio dental, tendo a HQ uma boa aceitação tanto das crianças como dos pais.
Illustrated media has been a widely used device for oral health education, with comics being a format that is still under explored in terms of validation and analysis of their effectiveness towards the target audience. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a comic book in the process of oral health education to children between 6 and 12 years of age attended at the pediatric dentistry clinic of a dental polyclinic in the Brazilian Amazon. A playful-educational comic book was made, validated, and incorporated into a kit containing 01 toothbrush, 01 floss, and 01 toothpaste. Subsequently, a questionnaire was applied with the parents (N=50), before and after the delivery of the kits, which evaluated the child's oral hygiene care and the impressions on the impact of the comics on the oral hygiene of their children. The results were analyzed descriptively, through absolute frequencies and percentages using the McNemar test (p<0.05). There was an increase of 55.32% of the children who started flossing after methodological implementation. It was also found that there was no statistical difference between the frequency of brushing after delivery of the kit (p=0.873), but there was a significant increase in the frequency of flossing among the children evaluated (p=0.0401). The comics were statistically effective in increasing the frequency of flossing, with comic books having a good acceptance of both children and parents.
ABSTRACT
Background@#Karma, a Sanskrit word that roughly translates to “action,” is a core concept in some Oriental religions, including Hinduism and Buddhism. Though its specifics are different depending on the religion, karma generally denotes the cycle of cause and effect - each action a person takes will affect him or her at some time in the future. This rule also applies to a person’s thoughts and speech, and the actions other people take under that individual’s instructions. Therefore, it is important to study the relationship between body, speech, mind and karma.@*Research results@#The Karma denotes our good and bad intentions. These intentions manifest themselves as good or bad actions with our body, our speech and our mind. In turn, our actions bring about effects called “Karma”, namely: the effect, the consequence, the fruit of the actions, the maturation of the actions. Usually, however, the word Karma is used by ordinary people for both the actions and the effects, which is not accurate. The law of karma is a special instance of the law of cause and effect, according to which all our actions of body, speech and mind are causes and all our experiences are their effects. The law of karma explains why each individual has a unique mental disposition, a unique physical appearance and unique experiences. These are the various effects of the countless actions that each individual has performed in the past. Each person has a different individual karma. Some people enjoy good health while others are constantly ill. Some people are seen as very beautiful while others are seen as very ugly. Some people have a happy disposition that is easily pleased while others have a sour disposition and are rarely delighted by anything. Some people easily understand the meaning of spiritual teachings while others find them difficult and obscure.@*Conclusion@#We made conclusion choosing information and sources related to body, speech and mind study as well as Karma in antient works, sorting it into time sequence and enriching it with information in other works. Essentially, Karma denotes our good and bad intentions. These intentions manifest themselves as good or bad actions with our body, our speech and our mind.
ABSTRACT
Literature research on ancient books of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） is an important carrier for inheriting the academic achievements and thoughts of TCM， and a key step for continuing the Chinese civilization and realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. Based on this， the paper puts forward the purpose of sorting out TCM ancient books：to explore the treasure of traditional culture， reveal its significance， carry forward its spirit， learn from its experiences， so as to make a contribution to the development of TCM. And this paper expounds several major problems in the literature research， that is， paying attention to the phenomenon of "stubborn bass"， avoiding the trend of "latecomers turning inferior"， attaching importance to the hidden trouble of "making comments on behalf of the ancients". Then， this paper discusses the methodology of carrying out accurate research and revealing the true nature and true value of scholarship with the idea of confucian orthodoxy， the rules of not forgetting the original intention and the scientific method. Taking the materia medica archaeology as an example， the author shared the practical exploration of how to crack the historical code with scientific and technological means， so as to provide useful reference for the literature research on TCM ancient books.
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The peaceful use of nuclear energy has a history of nearly 80 years, and the development of nuclear energy in China has been actively and steadily promoted. Up to now, there have been three major nuclear power plant accidents in human history: Three Mile Island nuclear accident in the United States, Chernobyl nuclear accident in the former Soviet Union and Fukushima nuclear accident in Japan. However, the public in our country knows little about the three nuclear accidents. This paper introduces some books on the three nuclear accidents for the general public, which help the public understand the nuclear accidents from a non-professional point of view.
ABSTRACT
The paper reviews systematically the main ancient medical books with the origin literature included on acupuncture prescription. It is found that the origin literature with acupuncture prescription in successive dynasties mainly focuses on Qin-Han and Jin-Yuan Dynasties. In Jin, Tang and Song Dynasties, as well as Ming and Qing Dynasties, the literature mainly records the experience of medical masters in the previous dynasties. By taking "headache" and "retention of urine" as examples, the origins on the literature of clinical acupuncture prescription are explored, the distribution rules and characteristics are summarized. Moreover, the evidences and evaluation method of quality grading were explored on the ancient books with the origin literature of acupuncture prescription involved.