Angiosarcoma cutáneo mamario radioinducido tras cirugía conservadora por carcinoma de mama

El angiosarcoma de mama es una entidad extremadamente infrecuente y de pronóstico infausto, que puede darse de forma primaria, o secundaria a radioterapia tras cirugía conservadora de mama. Puede presentarse como una masa palpable, o bien, como lesiones cutáneas violáceas que pueden simular cambios benignos derivados de la radioterapia. El diagnóstico precoz es esencial, tomando muestras para biopsia de dichas lesiones, y prestando especial interés a la inmunohistoquímica. El tratamiento de este tipo de neoplasias es un tema controvertido ya que, dada la rareza de su aparición, no existen protocolos definidos sobre la actitud a seguir, siendo de vital importancia las terapias asociadas a cirugía radical. Aquí se presenta un caso de una paciente de 62 años que desarrolla un angiosarcoma cutáneo de mama, secundario a radioterapia, clínicamente observado como lesiones papulares violáceas sobre la zona irradiada previamente, tras un carcinoma de mama tratado con cirugía conservadora, con una supervivencia de aproximadamente 12 meses entre el diagnóstico y el éxitus de la paciente.

Breast angiosarcomas are very rare malignancies with an unfortunate prognosis, which can occur in a primary form, or secondary to radiotherapy after conservative breast surgery. It can present as a palpable mass, or as violaceous cutaneous lesions that can mimic benign changes derived from radiotherapy. Early diagnosis is essential, biopsying such lesions, and paying particular attention to immunohistochemistry. The treatment of this type of neoplasias is a controversial issue since, given the rarity of its appearance, there are no defined protocols to be followed, being the therapies associated with radical surgery of vital importance. Here we present a case of a 62-year-old female patient who develops cutaneous angiosarcoma of the breast secondary to radiotherapy, clinically observed as violaceous papular lesions on the previously irradiated area, after a breast cancer treated with conservative surgery, and with a survival of approximately 12 months between the diagnosis and the patient’s success.

Metástasis ovárica única de angiosarcoma mamario como localización infrecuente / Single ovarian metastases of breast angiosarcoma as unusual location

Los angiosarcomas son tumores vasculares extremadamente raros con alta tasa de proliferación e invasión. Están caracterizados por células anaplásicas que se originan en las paredes de los vasos sanguíneos. Poseen mal pronóstico debido a su comportamiento altamente agresivo, el cual condiciona una elevada probabilidad de recurrencia local y extensión multiorgánica. Se presentan principalmente en: pulmón, hígado, ganglios linfáticos y huesos. Su tratamiento es controvertido debido escasa casuística disponible acerca de esta estirpe tumoral, aunque parece claro que el tratamiento principal es la cirugía y que el tratamiento posterior puede ser la quimioterapia adyuvante(AU)

Angiosarcomas are extremely rare vascular tumors with high rate of proliferation and invasion. They are characterized by anaplastic cells originating in the walls of blood vessels. They have poor prognosis because of their highly aggressive behavior, which determines a high probability of local recurrence and spreading to multiple organs. They occur mainly in lung, liver, lymph nodes and bones. Treatment is controversial due to small number of cases available about this tumor type, although it seems clear that the main treatment is surgery and subsequent treatment can be adjuvant chemotherapy(AU)

Study on early diagnosis strategy for radiation-associated breast angiosarcoma after breast cancer radiotherapy / 中华放射肿瘤学杂志

Objective To develop an early diagnosis strategy for radiation-associated breast angiosarcoma after breast cancer radiotherapy (RABASBCR) and to avoid the misdiagnosis of this disease.Methods A systematic search of PubMed for published reports of RABASBCR cases was performed.The clinical manifestations and radiological features in the early stage of disease,as well as biopsies,were analyzed to screen out valuable markers for early diagnosis and develop the early diagnosis strategy for RABASBCR.Results Fifty-five original articles involving 80 RABASBCR patients were selected for this analysis.Twenty-four (30％) of the 80 patients were misdiagnosed;the median time of misdiagnosis was 3 months (1-24 months).The earliest symptom was skin changes in 76 (95％) of the 80 patients.The misdiagnosis rates of ultrasound,mammography,computed tomography,and magnetic resonance imaging for RABASBCR were 9/9,31/32,2/2,and 1/5,respectively.The misdiagnosis rates of fine needle biopsy,core needle biopsy,and incisional biopsy were 7/14,12/25,and 10/26,respectively.Conclusions By analyzing published case reports,we have set up the early diagnosis strategy for RABASBCR with reference to the Cahan criteria.

Angiosarcoma primario de mama y carcinoma papilar de tiroides sincrónico: presentación de un caso / Primary angiosarcoma of breast and synchronous thyroid papillary carcinoma: a case report

Antecedentes: El angiosarcoma primario de mama constituye un tumor infrecuente que se desarrolla de forma predominante en mujeres en la tercera y cuarta décadas de la vida. Los nódulos tiroideos incidentales son aquellos que se objetivan en pruebas de imagen realizadas por otra causa y se observan en menos de un 10 por ciento con la tomografía por emisión de positrones (PET). Objetivo: Presentar el caso excepcional de una paciente con angiosarcoma primario de mama y un carcinoma papilar de tiroides sincrónicos. Caso clínico: Mujer de 34 años con angiosarcoma primario en la mama derecha sometida a mastectomía simple. En el estudio de extensión se halló un incidentaloma tiroideo derecho compatible con carcinoma papilar que requirió tiroidectomía total y linfadenectomía del compartimento central cervical en un segundo tiempo. Comentarlo: Los angiosarcomas primarios suponen menos del 0,05 por ciento de todos los tumores primarios malignos de la mama. El diagnóstico definitivo de estos tumores viene definido por el estudio anatomopatológico, que establece tres grados: alto, bajo e intermedio, los cuales se relacionan de forma directa con la supervivencia. La prevalencia de los incidentalomas malignos tiroideos objetivados por PET varía del 14-30,9 por ciento, según diferentes estudios. La planificación del tratamiento quirúrgico de las neoplasias incidentales tiroideas en pacientes con otro tumor primario debe analizarse de forma individualizada, según la supervivencia esperada del tumor primario.

Background: The primary angiosarcoma of breast is a rare tumor that develops predominantly in women in the third and fourth decades of life. Incidental thyroid nodules are observed in imaging tests performed for other reasons and it's observed in less than 10 percent with the positron emission tomography (PET). Aims: To report the exceptional case of a patient with primary angiosarcoma of the breast and synchronous thyroid papillary carcinoma. Clinical case: Female patient 34 year old with primary angiosarcoma in the right breast, submitted to a simple mastectomy. In the extension study we found an incidental thyroid papillary carcinoma that required a total thyroidectomy and central cervical lymphadenectomy in a second time. Comments: The primary angiosarcoma are less than 0.05 percent of all primary malignant tumors of the breast. The definitive diagnosis is determined by the pathology, which defines three grades: high, low and intermediate, which relate directly to survival. Prevalence of malignant thyroid incidentalomas observed by PET varies from 14 to 30.9 percent, according different studies. Planning the surgical treatment of incidental thyroid malignancies in patients with other primary tumor should be analyzed individually, according the expected survival of the primary tumor.

Angiosarcoma primario de la mama / Primary breast angiosarcoma

Introducción: el angiosarcoma primario de la mama, es un tumor de vasos sanguíneos, de aparición infrecuente, representa el 8 porciento de los sarcomas mamarios y el 1 porciento de las lesiones mamarias malignas. Se presenta entre la tercera y cuarta décadas de la vida, con una mortalidad cercana al 90 porciento a los dos años. La etiología no está bien precisada. Se disemina predominantemente por la vía hematógena hacia pulmones y huesos y rara vez lo hace por vía linfática. La cirugía ofrece las mejores posibilidades de tratamiento, mientras que, la radio y quimioterapias no se asocian a buena respuesta. La sobrevida media reportada es de unos 20 meses.Objetivo: reportar el caso de una paciente con el diagnóstico de un angiosarcoma de la mama, así como la conducta y su evolución.Métodos: se hizo una revisión bibliográfica sobre el tema y se exponen los detalles del diagnóstico de angiosarcoma de mama y su tratamiento en una paciente de 85 años de edad en el Hospital Docente Ginecobstétrico de Guanabacoa.Resultados: se realizó mastectomía simple sanitaria sin vaciamiento axilar el 9 de febrero de 2009. No se empleó tratamiento adyuvante. Fue evolucionada por dos años, hasta su fallecimiento por metástasis pulmonares.Conclusión: el diagnóstico histológico fue de angiosarcoma de la mama. En este centro solo se ha diagnosticado este caso desde 1985

Introduction: primary angiosarcoma of the breast is a rare tumor of blood vessels, which account 8 per cent of breast sarcomas and 1 per cent of malignant breast lesions. It occurs between the third and fourth decades of life, with a mortality approaching 90 per cent two years later. The etiology is not well specified. It spreads mainly hematogenously to the lungs and bones and rarely by the lymphatic via. Surgery offers the best chance of treatment, while radio and chemotherapy are not associated with good response. The reported mean survival is about 20 months.Objective: to report the case of a patient with a diagnosis of angiosarcoma of the breast, and this case behavior and evolution.Methods: a literature review was carried out on the subject. Details of the diagnosis of angiosarcoma of the breast and its treatment in an 85 year-old patient treated at Guanabacoa Teaching Hospital is presented here.Results: a simple mastectomy without axillary clearance was performed on February 9, 2009. No adjuvant was used. This patient was followed up for two years until her death due to lung metastases.Conclusion: the histological diagnosis was angiosarcoma of the breast. In this institution, only this case had been diagnosed since 1985

Angiossarcoma de mama após tratamento com cirugia conservadora e radioterapia / Breast angiossarcoma after conservative surgery and radiotherapy

Dois cirúrgico conservador para carcinoma ductal invasor seguido de radioterapia, vieram a desenvolver lesão violácea em mama operada e irradiada, cujo diagnóstico foi angiossarcoma, sendo uma bem diferenciada e outra pouco diferenciada. Trata-se de neoplasia rara de mama, cujo relatos de casos referentes a pacientes com média de idade de 81 anos, que, após tratamento tratamento tem base mais no procedimento cirúrgico, no qual a quimioterapia e a radioterapia não têm sua indicação bem estabelecida e clara. O prognóstico é desfavorável, com média de sobrevida de 15,5 meses.

This study features two case reports of patients with the average age of 81 years, that after conservative surgical therapy for invasive ductal carcinoma followed by radiotherapy developed purple nodule in the operated irradiated breast, whose diagnosis was angiosarcoma, being one well-differentiated and other little differentiated. It is a rare breast neoplasm, whose treatment relies more on surgery when chemotherapy and radiotherapy dont’t have well established and cleary indication. The prognostic is unfavorable, with survival prospect of 15,5 months.