Alergia ocular / Ocular allergy

Resumen La alergia ocular consiste en un grupo de enfermedades caracterizadas por inflamación de la conjuntiva ocular, dentro de las que podemos encontrar a la conjuntivitis alérgica estacional (CAE) o perenne (CAP), la queratoconjuntivitis vernal, la queratoconjuntivitis atópica y la blefaroconjuntivitis de contacto. Aqueja aproximadamente al 10% de la población mundial, y los más afectados son pacientes con otras patologías alérgicas. El diagnóstico es clínico y se integra mediante los síntomas y hallazgos encontrados durante la exploración física oftalmológica presentes en el sujeto al momento de la visita. Los principales objetivos del tratamiento en la conjuntivitis alérgica son minimizar y controlar los signos y síntomas de la enfermedad, incluyendo la reducción del prurito, de la hiperemia y del edema de la conjuntiva y párpados, así como mejorar la calidad de vida del paciente. El tratamiento incluye medidas no farmacológicas, como evitar estímulos irritantes, el uso de lágrimas artificiales, la aplicación de compresas frías y medicamentos como vasoconstrictores, antihistamínicos, estabilizadores de mastocitos, agentes de acción dual, esteroides y fármacos inmunomoduladores, así como inmunoterapia alérgeno específica. Los cambios desencadenados por la inflamación de la conjuntiva, producen daño corneal mecánico, y en los casos graves y crónicos de la enfermedad, el daño corneal puede resultar en la disminución de la agudeza visual, lo cual disminuye la calidad de vida del paciente.

Abstract Ocular allergy is a group of diseases characterized by inflammation of the ocular conjunctiva and include seasonal allergic conjunctivitis, perennial allergic conjunctivitis, vernal keratoconjunctivitis, atopic keratoconjunctivitis and contact blepharoconjunctivitis; affects approximately 10% of world population being most affected those patients with other allergic diseases; the diagnosis is clinical and is integrated through the symptoms and findings found during the physical examination. The main goals of treatment in allergic conjunctivitis are minimize and control the signs and symptoms of the disease, including the reduction of pruritus, hyperemia and edema of the conjunctiva and eyelids as well as improving the quality of life of the patient; treatment includes non-pharmacological measures such as avoiding irritant stimuli, use of artificial tears, application of cold compresses and medications such as vasoconstrictors, antihistamines, mast cell stabilizers, dual acting agents, steroids and immunomodulatory drugs, as well as specific allergen immunotherapy. Changes triggered by inflammation of the conjunctiva produce mechanical corneal damage and in severe and chronic cases of the disease, corneal damage can result in decreased visual acuity, which results in a decrease patient's quality of life.

Serum epidemiological survey and risk factors investigation for lentivirus in goats from Sisal Region, Bahia, Brazil / Inquérito soroepidemiológico e fatores de risco para lentivírus em rebanhos caprinos da região sisaleira, Bahia

This study aimed to carry out a serum epidemiological survey of goat arthritis encephalitis in the sisal region of Bahia, Brazil, and to evaluate risk factors. We evaluated 831 samples of goat blood serum among males and females older than six months, from 49 farms distributed among the municipalities of Araci, Cansanção, Conceição do Coité, Itiúba, Monte Santo, Nordestina, Queimadas, Santa Luz, São Domingos and Valente. An epidemiological questionnaire for the analysis of possible risk factors was applied. All sera were tested for immune-agar gel. The seroprevalence obtained in surveyed herds was 1.56% (13/831). There was significant difference (p<0.05) for animal racial pattern, type of farming and breeding systems. However, when considering herds with predominantly dairy breeds (Saanen and Alpine Pardo), the seropositivity in animals from Valente, Conceição do Coité and São Domingos amounted to 5.06% (12/237). In these municipalities, from 14 properties analyzed, five (38.5%) had at least one positive-testing animal. This result is extremely worrying when one considers that few control measures are adopted by farmers to prevent the goat arthritis encephalitis in the most important dairy region of Bahia state.(AU)

Este trabalho teve por objetivo realizar um levantamento soroepidemiológico da artrite encefalite caprino na região sisaleira do estado da Bahia e avaliar os fatores de risco. Foram avaliadas 831 amostras de soros sanguíneos de caprinos entre machos e fêmeas, com idade superior a seis meses, provenientes de 49 propriedades rurais distribuídas entre os municípios de Araci, Cansanção, Conceição do Coité, Itiúba, Monte Santo, Nordestina, Queimadas, Santa Luz, São Domingos e Valente. Foi aplicado um questionário epidemiológico destinado à análise de possíveis fatores de risco. Todos os soros foram submetidos ao teste da imunodifusão em gel de ágar. A soroprevalência obtida nos rebanhos pesquisados foi de 1,56% (13/831). Houve diferença significativa (p≤0,05) para padrão racial dos animais, tipo de exploração e sistemas de criação. Quando se consideraram apenas os rebanhos com raças predominantemente leiteiras (Saanen e Pardo alpina), dos municípios de Valente, Conceição do Coité e São Domingos, a soropositividade nos animais elevou-se para 5,06% (12/237). Nesses municípios, de 14 propriedades analisadas, 5 (38,5%) apresentaram pelo menos um animal sororeagente. Esse resultado é extremamente preocupante quando se constata que poucas medidas de controle são adotadas pelos criadores para impedir a disseminação dessa importante enfermidade na bacia leiteira mais relevante do estado da Bahia.(AU)

Porocarcinoma Ecrino / Ecrine Porocarcinoma

Resumen:El porocarcinoma ecrino es un tipo muy poco frecuente de cáncer de piel, originado en la porción epidérmica de las glándulas sudoríparas ecrinas. Representa no más del 0.01% de los tumores cutáneos. El 20% de los porocarcinomas ecrinos son recurrentes y el 20% producen metástasis a ganglios linfáticos. Se ha reportado escasos casos de metástasis a distancia. Tiene un índice de mortalidad del 67% de los pacientes con metástasis.El diagnóstico es basado en los hallazgos histopatológicos y los estudios complementarios de inmunohistoquímica, a veces necesarios para el diagnóstico diferencial con otros tipos más frecuentes de cáncer de piel.No existen pruebas de que este tipo de carcinoma responda a la quimioterapia ni la radioterapia. Se considera que el manejo principal debe ser la resección quirúrgica y la electroquimioterapia.

Abstract:Eccrine porocarcinoma is a rare type of skin cáncer arising from the intraepidermal portion of eccrine sweat glands, representing no more tan 0.01% of all cutaneous tumors. 20% of the Eccrine porocarcinoma will recur and 20% will metastasize to regional lymph nodes. Few cases of distant metastases has been reported . There is a mortality rate of 67% in patients with metastases. The diagnosis is primarily based on histopathologic findings and complementary immunohistochemistry for differential diagnosis mainly with more frequent skin cáncer.Neither chemotherapy nor radiation therapy has been proven to be of clinical benefit in treating this type of carcinoma. It is considered that the management should be based on surgical resection and electrochemotherapy.

Severe Coronary Artery Ectasia with ST Elevation MI: A Challenging Situation.

Aim: To report a case of huge coronary artery ectasia presenting with acute myocardial infarction; a relatively rare finding encountered during coronary angiography. Presentation of Case: A young male presented with chest pain and profuse sweating at a local hospital. Electrocardiogram showed Infero-posterior STEMI. Patient received streptokinase. His symptoms settled however the electrocardiogram changes did not resolve. He presented at our hospital after 24 hours with chest discomfort. He was vitally stable and a murmur of MR was audible. His Troponin-I was raised and electrocardiogram showed ST elevations with Q waves. Coronary angiogram showed giant ectasia and occluded right coronary artery (RCA). Percutaneous coronary intervention of RCA was done; with TIMI II flow but still had some residual thrombus. The patient was kept on Tirofiban infusion. His CRP and homocysteine levels were raised. Dual antiplatelet, statin, ACE Inhibitor, beta blocker with vitamin B12 and folic acid supplement were continued. Discussion: Coronary artery ectasia is a form of atherosclerosis seen in 0.3–4.9% of coronary angiography procedures. It is described as dilation of the coronary arteries >1.5 times compared to adjacent normal vessel. An excessive expansive remodeling with enzymatic degradation of the extracellular matrix is considered to be the major pathophysiologic process. Clinical importance inclines on its association with acute coronary syndrome. Conclusion: A case of huge coronary artery ectasia presenting with acute myocardial infarction and successfully treated with PCI.

Inquérito sorológico de lentiviroses de pequenos ruminantes (Maedi-Visna e artrite-encefalite caprina) no estado de São Paulo / Serologic survey of small ruminants lentiviruses (Maedi-Visna and caprine arthritis-encephalitis) in São Paulo state

O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a frequência de animais soropositivos ao vírus da Maedi-Visna (MVV) em ovinos e ao vírus da CAE (CAEV) em caprinos criados no estado de São Paulo. Na pesquisa dos anticorpos séricos anti- MVV e anti-CAEV foi utilizada a técnica de imunodifusão em gel de ágar (IDGA). Dentre os ovinos estudados, 0,3% (4/1235) eram sororreagentes ao MVV e 15,1% caprinos (30/199) ao CAEV. Foi realizada a análise de fatores de risco associados à condição de propriedade positiva para CAEV e Maedi-Visna. Foram selecionadas variáveis para as duas enfermidades, no entanto, quando essas variáveis foram usadas na regressão logística múltipla, não foram identificados fatores de risco para as infecções. A infecção pelo CAEV no estado de São Paulo tem uma ampla disseminação e com uma alta prevalência enquanto que o MVV apresenta baixa prevalência. Ressalta-se a importância de medidas de prevenção e controle para diminuir a ocorrência da CAE e evitar a disseminação da Maedi-Visna.

The aim of this study was to carry out the serological occurrence of Maedi-Visna virus (MVV) and CAE virus (CAEV) in ovines and caprines breeding in São Paulo state. The test to detect MVV and CAEV antibodies was agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID). The detection of antibodies against MVV was 0,3% (4/1235) and against CAEV was 15,1% (30/199). Was carried analysis of risk factors associated with the presence of positive property for CAEV and Maedi-Visna. Variables were selected for both diseases, however, when these variables were used in multivariate logistic regression model were not identified risk factors for the infections. The CAEV infection in the São Paulo state has a wide spread and a high prevalence while MVV has low prevalence. It emphasizes the importance of prevention and control measures to reduce CAEV occurrence and prevent the spread of Maedi-Visna.

Alterações histopatológicas da glândula mamária e qualidade do leite de cabras naturalmente infectadas com o CAEV / Histopathological changes in the mammary gland and milk quality of goats naturally infected with CAEV

Avaliou-se a influência do vírus da CAE nas características físico-químicas de amostras de leite de 54 cabras, sem predileção racial, distribuindo-as em dois grupos: cabras positivas e negativas para o teste de imunodifusão em gel de agarose. As amostras de leite foram submetidas à análise ultrassônica para obtenção de parâmetros físico-químicos - gordura, extrato seco, proteínas, lactose e densidade; realização de microbiologia - bactérias mesófilas (UCF/mL). Foram coletadas amostras de tecido mamário para exame histopatológico e imunohistoquímica. Não houve diferença significativa das características avaliadas entre os dois grupos; no microbiológico, não houve relação direta da presença de mesófilas associada à infecção pelo CAEV. Na histopatologia, observaram-se áreas com infiltração celular de monócitos, polimorfonucleares, plasmócitos, fibrose, ausência de morfologia normal do parênquima mamário, denotando processo inflamatório crônico; e foi confirmada a presença do vírus na glândula pela imunohistoquímica. Os resultados não mostraram relação direta da incidência da CAE como fator negativo no desenvolvimento do rebanho.

Aiming to evaluate the influence of CAE viruses in the chemical and physical characteristics of milk, the samples were collected from 54 goats, without racial predilection, these were divided into two groups: goats positive and negative according results of test Agarose Gel Immunodiffusion. Milk samples were ultrasonic analyzed to obtain physicochemical parameters (fat, solids, protein, lactose and density); performance microbiology (mesophilic bacteria - CFU/mL) and mammary gland samples were collected for evaluation histopathology and immunohistochemistry. The results of physical-chemical analysis showed no significant difference between the milk samples of two groups. In the microbiological analysis showed the presence of aerobic mesophilic bacteria, but this change is not associated with the presence of CAEV infection. On histopathology, there were areas with infiltration of mononuclear-leukocyte and polymorph nuclear, plasma cells, fibrosis and absence of normal morphology of the mammary tissue, indicating a chronic inflammatory process; and confirmed the presence of virus, in the gland, by immunohistochemistry. The results showed no direct relationship between incidence of CAE in the herd as a negative factor for its development, however it is known that the disease in its chronic nature, causes reduction in the productivity of the herd.

Study on key techniques and intervention in reducing birth defects / 中华妇产科杂志

ObjectiveTo investigate key techniques and intervention in reducing birth defects. Method Down's syndrome (DS), trisomy-18 (Edwards syndrome, ES), neural tube defects (NTD), Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), thalassemia, and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (G6PD) were chosen as target disease. From Jan. 2007 to Dec. 2009, the condition of intake folie acid were investigated in 5004 pregnant women in Panlong District and Wuhua District of Kunming City. All of the 27 660 pregnant women undergoing prenatal examination were enrolled into the study from the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, the Second People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, the First People's Hospital of Qujing City, the Second People's of Qujing City, Qujing Women and Children's Hospital, People's Hospital of Lincang City, Kunming Maria Women's Hospital, Maternal and Infant's Care Unit of Panlong District of Kunming City, Maternal and Infant's Hospital of Dali City. The screening was performed on serum of those pregnant women at 8 -20 +6 gestational weeks. Prenatal cytogenetic analysis and fetal ultrasonogrspy were performed on the high risk or indicated women after genetic counseling. DNA analysis was administered on those women with family or childbearing history of DMD,SMA,thalassemia,orG6PD. Outcomeof pregnancywasfolloweduptoevaluatetheeffectof intervention. ResultsApproximately 30. 10％ (1506/5004) of pregnant women were administered by oral folic acid during perinatal period. Two thousand three hundred and thirteen women with high risks of DS,ES, or NTD fetuses were observed among 27 660 undergoing maternal serum screening. Two thousand and ninety-six pregnant women including two twins pregnant women were performed cytogenetic analysis. Other 67 pregnant women at high risk of DMD, SMA, thalassemia, and G6PD accepted genetic counseling and prenatal gene analysis. Two thousand one hundred and sixty-three pregnant women (2165 fetuses) underwent prenatal examination. One hundred and two cases chromosome abnormalities, 17 cases NTD, 4 cases DMD, 1 cases α-thalassemia major were found. All of the 91 fetuses with major birth defects were terminated after genetic counseling. Another affected DS fetus in a twin pregnancy dead intrauterine at 24 gestational weeks. Thirty-two women bearing fetuseswithbalancedtranslocations orinversionscontinuedtheir pregnancies. Totally 2071 normal term fetuses were born in the prenatal diagnosis group. Two fetuses with normal chromosome were lost within 1 week after amniocentesis. Four affected DS fetuses were born from their high risk mothers who refused further prenatal diagnosis service. In a random sampling follow-up cohort of 5000 mothers at low risk, none of affected child suffering target diseases was found. The DS detection rate of maternal serum screening was 84％ (27/32), with the false positive rate was 6. 153％ (1702/27 660).ConclusionsFolic acid intake before conception and in the first trimester would reduce the risk of birth defects, only 1/3 reproductive women took folie acid actively. Maternal serum screening could effectively detect high risk of DS, ES and NTD. The genetic counseling is critical in women at high risk or who had family history of inherited disorders. The prenatal screening and diagnosis combined with routine obstetric care could reduce the incidence of major birth defects, which should become prenatal care strategy in our country.

Experiencias de la terapia antioxidante con Vimang en la atención primaria de salud en Cuba / Experience of antioxidant therapy with Vimang in primary health care in Cuba

La terapia antioxidante con Vimang en la atención primaria de salud constituye una posible alternativa para el tratamiento eficaz, adyuvante o no, de enfermedades relacionadas con el estrés oxidativo o componentes de dolor e inflamación. Se muestra los resultados de estudios clínicos con Vimang en la atención al adulto mayor, el tratamiento de la displasia de mamas, leve o moderada, y el tratamiento de dermatopatías, a partir de experiencias etnomédicas publicadas con anterioridad. En la atención al adulto mayor (n = 31, tabletas Vimang, 300 mg) mejoró, en ocho de nueve indicadores evaluados de la calidad de vida (Cuestionario de Salud SF-36), la autopercepción del estado de salud de los ancianos; el indicador más significativo fue el dolor corporal. En la terapia de la displasia de mamas (n = 100, tabletas Vimang, 300 mg) se demostró una eficacia mayor al 85 por ciento, con resultados similares o superiores a la vitamina E. En el tratamiento de enfermedades de la piel (n = 590, crema Vimang, 1,2 por ciento), se observó mejoría en 86,8 y 96,7 por ciento de los pacientes tratados por inflamación y dolor, respectivamente, y más del 90 por ciento fueron curados de forma total o parcial. Los resultados más relevantes se obtuvieron en la recuperación del color de la piel en melasma del embarazo y pitiriasis versicolor, (52 pacientes), procesos infecciosos (53 pacientes), micosis (169 pacientes). No se observaron reacciones adversas ni signos de toxicidad durante el tratamiento.

Antioxidant therapy with Vimang in primary health care is a possible alternative for the effective treatment, either adjuvant or not, of diseases related to oxidative stress, pain and inflammation. The results of clinical studies with Vimang on the elderly, breast dysplasia (mild or moderate) and skin diseases were shown taking into account previously reported ethnomedical experience. On elderly subjects (n=31 , 300mg Vimang tablets), the self perception of their health status improved in 8 of 9 evaluated parameters of life quality, being body pain the most significant (health questionnaire SF-36). In the treatment of breast dysplasia (n=100, 300mg Vimang tablets), the efficacy was over 85 percent, with similar or higher results than vitamin E. In treating skin diseases (n=590, 1.2 percent Vimang cream), 86.8 percent and 96.7 percent of patients treated because of inflammation and pain improved their condition whereas over 90 percent of patients completely or partially recovered. The most relevant results were seen in the recovery of skin pigmentation in pregnancy melasme and pitiriasis versicolor (52 patients), infectious processes (53 patients), and mycosis (169 patients). Neither adverse reactions nor toxic signs were observed in the treatment.

Simplified Staining Method for Dual Esterase Using Single Incubation and Single Mixed Reagent / 대한임상병리학회지

BACKGROUND: Dual esterase reaction enables simultaneous visualization of the cells exhibiting different characteristics by combining two esterase stains on a single slide. However, most methods previously reported require the smear slides to be stained twice, using separate coupling reagent with each substrate. Authors attempted to combine chloroacetate esterase (CAE) and alpha-naphthyl butyrate esterase (ANBE) staining methods by using single incubation and single mixed reagent. METHODS: For dual cytochemical reaction, buffy coat slides of normal subjects and bone marrow smear slides of patients with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) were used. Eighty mg of fast blue BB salt was dissolved in 50 mL of 0.1 mol/L phosphate buffer (pH 8.0). In the fast blue BB solution, 2 mL of acetone containing 4 mg of naphthol AS-D chloroacetate (Sigma, USA) and 8 mg of alpha-naphthyl butyrate (Sigma, USA) was added. Air dried slides were fixed with buffered formalin-acetone solution for 1 minutes. The fixed slides were allowed to be incubated with the single mixed reagent solution at room temperature for 20 minutes. Aquous hematoxylin dye was used for counterstaining. RESULTS: Granulocytes were stained bright blue by single-incubated dual esterase reaction. Monocytes and their precursors showed dark brownish positivity in cytoplasmic granules. Megakaryocytes in bone marrow revealed positive reaction for only ANBE by dual esterase method. The activity of CAE in myeloid lineage was markedly decreased in patients with MDS and some cells revealed dual staining activity with both punctate blue and brownish granules. A few neutrophils in karryorrhexis observed in remission marrow of AML patient showed strong positive reaction for CAE. CONCLUSIONS: Dual esterase staining method using single incubation is very simple in staining procedure and of use in simply identifying cellular characteristics and differentiation of myeloid and monocytic lineages on a single slide.

Soroprevalência da infecção pelo vírus da artrite-encefalite caprina (caev) no rebanho de caprinos leiteiros da região da Grande Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil / Seroprevalence of the caprine arthritis-encephalitis vírus infection in dairy goats in the region of \"Grande Fortaleza\", Ceará, Brazil

Foi realizada uma pesquisa sorológica, com base no teste de imunodifusão em ágar gel (AGID) com antígeno (p28) do vírus Maedi/Visna, para estimar a soroprevalência da infecção pelo vírus da Artrite-Encefalite Caprina (CAEV) na população de caprinos leiteiros da região da Grande Fortaleza, Ceará. O estudo abrangeu um total de oito criatórios. dos quais cinco praticam o manejo intensivo e três o manejo semi-intensivo. A população estudada é composta, por animais puros de raças exóticas como a Saanen, Parda Alpina, Anglonubiana e Toggenburg, por animais Meio Sangue e alguns sem raça definida (SRD). Foi realizado exame clinico e coleta de amostra de soro em 248 caprinos, bem como a aplicação de questinonário epidemiológico. A análise dos dados revelou uma soroprevalência de 40,73 por cento (101/248). As amostras soropositivas foram todas provenientes das propriedades com manejo intensivo (5/8). A distribuição da soroprevalência em cada um destes criatórios foi 61 por cento (54/89), 74,28 por cento (26/35), 61,11 por cento (11/18), 11,36 por cento (5/44) e 75 por cento (6/8). Diferença significativa (P<0,05) foi observada quanto a soroprevalência entre os grupos genéticos de animais puros, meio sangue e SRD que apresentaram 66 por cento (80/122), 31 por cento (19/61) e 3 por cento (2/65) respectivamente. Não foram observadas diferenças significativas (P>0,05) quanto aos falares idade e sexo dos animais estudados.

A serologic survey was performed using a agar gel immunodiffusion test (AGID) with the Maedi/Visna virus antigen (p28) to estimate the seroprevalence of the caprine arthritisencephalitis virus infection (CAEV) in a dairy goat population in the region of "Grande Fortaleza", in the state of Ceará, Brazil. In this study a total of eight flocks were examined, five included intensive and three semi-intensive managements. The population studied consisted of three groups: pure-bred animais of exotic races such as Saanen, Alpine Parda, Anglonubian and Toggenburg: crossbreeds and animais of undefined breed. Serum samples were colleted from 248 goats, clinicai analysis were performed, andan epidemiologic survey was applied. Analysis of the results showed a seroprevalence of 40.73 percent (101/248). All seropositive samples carne from the flocks with intensive management (5/8). The distribution of seroprevalence in each of these flocks was 61 percent (54/89). 74.28 percent (26/35), 61.11 percent (11/18), 11.36 percent (5/44) and 75 percent (6/8). A significam difference (P<0.05) was observed on the seroprevalence among the pure-breeds, crossbreeds and animais of undefined breed, of66 percent(80/l22), 31 percent (19/61) and 3 percent (2/65), respectively. No significam differences (P>0.05) were observed related to age and sex of the studied animais.

Studies on Quality Standard of Chongcaojing Oral Liquid / 中药新药与临床药理

Objective To set up the standard for the quality control of Chongcaojing Oral Liquid.Methods Radix Astragal-i,Radix Ginseng,Radix Angelicae Si nensis,Radix Rehmanniae were ident ified quantitatively by thin -layer chromatog-raphy(TLC)and astragalosideⅣcontent in Radix Astragali was determined by TLC scanning quantitiatvely.Results The TLC spots were highly specific,clea r and concentrated without the interference of negative controls.Linearity was ob-tained in the range of 1.03～6.15?g(r =0.9994).The average recovery was 99.2%with RSD =1.8%.Conclu-sion This method is sensitive,simple,sp ecific and accurate for the quality c ontrol of Chongcaojing Oral Liquid.

CADCAE Modeling Research of Mandibular Calibration of the Projection Images Rotation Center in Micro CT System / 医疗卫生装备

Objective To provide research means for study of buccal cavity vitodynamics and design of optimized dental prosthetic restoration and prosthesis,give model for virtual surgery effectiveness analysis of the varied mandible surgery program.Methods A middle-aged man with normotrophic temporomandibular system was chosen and 123 widths of two-dimensional CT scan images were obtained through scanning his mandible by spiral CT scanner.The precise shaped mandible CAD mode was established through surface fitting by CATIA of three-dimensional spot-cloud transformed from two-dimensional CT images by image processing software,and the finite element model required for mandible surgery program was established by MSC.Patran.Results The full dentition mandible CAD models and three-dimensional finite element models were established.Conclusion The normal three-dimensional finite element mandible model can really reflect the geometrical feature of mandible and has good similarity to physical mandible and it can be used as a research means for biomechanical studies.The model can be also provided pre-operative designed quantitative method for the variety of mandible surgeries.

Value on Clinical Application of Citric Acid Extracted Protein Antigen from Human Skeletal Muscle to Detect the Thymoma-associated Antibody / 第二军医大学学报

Thymus has an important significance to the pathogenesis and treatment for myasthenia gravis (MG). Thymoma accounts for 10 to 15% in the MG patients, which is short of localized damage feature so as to make misdiagnosis usually. Using citric acid extracted sacrolemma protein antigen from human skeletal muscle, CAE-Abs in the sera of 103 MG patients were detected by indirect hemoagglutination assay (IHA) and the positive rate was 78.9% (cases of 15/19); and then the CAE-Abs in the sera of 123 MG patients were detected by ELISA and the positive rate'was 82.6% (cases of 19/23). But the positive rate of CAE-Ab in the sera of MG without thymoma was only 0-4.0% (cases of 3/77). This results indicate that CAE-Ab has significant correlativity for MG with thymoma.