ABSTRACT
Cancer cells modify lipid metabolism to proliferate, Passiflora edulis ( P. edulis ) fruit juice (ZuFru) has antitumor activity, but whether a mechanism is through modulation of cell lipids is unknown. T o establish if ZuFru modifies cholesterol and triglycerides in SW480 and SW620. ZuFru composition was studied by phytochemical march; antiproliferative activity by sulforhodamine B, cholesterol , and triglycerides by Folch method. Z ufru contains anthocyanins, flavonoids, alkaloids , and tannins. Cell lines showed differences in their growth rate ( p =0.049). At 39.6 µg/m L of ZuFru, cell viability was decreased: SW480 (45.6%) and SW620 (45.1%). In SW480, cholesterol (44.6%) and triglycerides (46.5%) decreased; In SW620, cholesterol decreased 14.8% and triglycerides increased 7%, with significant differences for both lines. A ntiproliferative activity of ZuFru could be associated with the inhibition of intracellular biosynthesis of cholesterol and triglycerides in SW480. Action mechanisms need to be further investigated.
Las células cancerosas modifican el metabolismo lipídico para proliferar; el zumo de fruta (ZuFru) de Passiflora edulis ( P. edulis ) tiene activida d antitumoral, sin embargo, se desconoce si se involucran los lípidos celulares. E stablecer si ZuFru modifica colesterol y triglicéridos en células SW480 y SW620. C omposición del ZuFru, actividad antiproliferativa, colesterol y triglicéridos. Se encontraro n antocianinas, flavonoides, alcaloides y taninos. Las líneas celulares mostraron diferencias en su tasa de crecimiento ( p =0 . 049); ZuFru 39,6 µg/ml se disminuyó la viabilidad celular; SW480 (45,6%) y SW620 (45,1%); en SW480 colesterol (44,6%) y triglicérid os (46,5%) en SW620, colesterol (14,8%) y los triglicéridos aumentaron 7%, con diferencias significativas para ambas líneas. La actividad antiproliferativa del ZuFru podría estar asociada a la inhibición de la biosíntesis intracelular de colesterol y de tr iglicéridos en SW480, pero no en SW620. Estos mecanismos de acción deben ser fuertemente investigados.
Subject(s)
Anticarcinogenic Agents , Passiflora , Passifloraceae/metabolism , Triglycerides/physiology , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Cholesterol/physiology , FruitABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Introduction: Colorectal cancer frequency increases each year and consequently the number of ostomies, a procedure that helps in the treatment of colorectal cancer but has an impact on quality of life. Studies evaluating the impact of ostomy time and nutritional status on the quality of life of colostomized patients with colorectal cancer are scarce in the literature. So, the aim of this study was to evaluate the association ostomy time and nutritional status on quality of life in colostomized colorectal cancer patients. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 97 colostomized patients due to colorectal cancer from a reference service. Socioeconomic, demographic, clinical data were obtained. European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer questionnaires EORTC-QLQ30 and EORTC-QLQ-CR29 were used to analyse the quality of life. Statistical significance analysis was performed using the Wilcoxon's non-parametric or Chi-Square test. Results: Of the 97 individuals, 50.5% were female, 64.9% were over 60 years old, 67.4% have ostomy for less than 1 year. Half of the patients had some nutritional status inadequacy: 24.2% were malnourished, 17.9% overweight and 8.4% obese. Shorter ostomy time was associated with role function, blood or mucus in stools, stoma care problems and men's sexual interest, while malnutrition was associated with concern about weight. Conclusions: Ostomy time and nutrition status were associated with quality of life in some domains, such as role function, insomnia, appetite loss, abdominal pain, buttock pain, bloating, hair loss, taste loss have an impact together with the nutritional status on the quality of life in patients colostomized colorectal cancer.
RESUMO Introdução: A frequência do câncer colorretal aumenta a cada ano e, consequentemente, aumenta o número de estomias, procedimento que auxilia no tratamento do câncer colorretal, porém impacta na qualidade de vida. Estudos que avaliam o impacto do tempo de estomia e do estado nutricional na qualidade de vida de pacientes colostomizados com câncer colorretal são escassos na literatura. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a associação entre tempo de estomia e estado nutricional e qualidade de vida em pacientes colostomizados por câncer colorretal. Métodos: Participaram deste estudo transversal 97 pacientes colostomizados por câncer colorretal de um serviço de referência. Dados socioeconômicos, demográficos e clínicos foram obtidos. Os questionários da Organização Europeia para Pesquisa e Tratamento do Câncer EORTC-QLQ30 e EORTC-QLQ-CR29 foram utilizados para analisar a qualidade de vida. A análise de significância estatística foi realizada usando o teste não paramétrico Wilcoxon ou teste Qui-Quadrado. Resultados: Dos 97 indivíduos, 50.,5% eram do sexo feminino, 64.,9% tinham mais de 60 anos, 67.,4% com estomia há menos de 1 ano. Metade dos pacientes apresentava inadequação do estado nutricional: 24.,2% estavam desnutridos, 17.,9% sobrepeso e 8,4% obesos. O menor tempo de estomia foi associado ao desempenho funcional, sangue ou muco nas fezes, problemas em cuidar da estomia e interesse sexual dos homens, enquanto a desnutrição foi associada à preocupação com o peso. Conclusão: A cirurgia de estomia esteve associada à qualidade de vida em alguns domínios, como desempenho funcional, insônia, perda de apetite, dor abdominal, dor nas nádegas, perda de cabelo, perda do paladar, e tem um impacto junto ao estado nutricional da qualidade de vida em pacientes colostomizados por câncer colorretal.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Quality of Life/psychology , Ostomy/adverse effects , Colorectal Neoplasms/pathology , Nutritional StatusABSTRACT
RESUMEN Introducción: El cáncer avanzado es aquel que crece fuera del órgano en el cual se originó. La resección quirúrgica es el método más eficaz para lograr la curación de cáncer colorrectal en 50 por ciento de los casos. Objetivo: Evaluar los resultados del tratamiento multidisciplinar, realizado a pacientes con diagnóstico de cáncer colorrectal avanzado. Método: Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, ambispectivo y de corte transversal en el Hospital Clínico Quirúrgico "Hermanos Ameijeiras" entre enero de 2013 y diciembre de 2018. La muestra fue de 219 casos. Resultados: El 34,2 por ciento de los pacientes tenían entre 70 y 79 años. Hubo predominio de localización en colon ascendente (37,4 por ciento), en 57,1 por ciento fue moderadamente diferenciado y en 34,2 por ciento en estadio IIIA. El 7,8 por ciento de los pacientes tuvo recaída con metástasis, de ellos, 70,5 por ciento en hígado. En 72,6 por ciento la vía de acceso fue laparoscópica. En 50,7 por ciento se realizó hemicolectomía derecha. Las complicaciones se observaron en 25 pacientes (35,2 por ciento). El 91,3 por ciento de los casos recibió terapia adyuvante. En 27,4 por ciento hubo recurrencia. En el análisis del tiempo libre de enfermedad y de la supervivencia se obtuvieron buenos resultados. Conclusiones: El tratamiento combinado, secuencial y multidisciplinario en enfermedad maligna colorrectal avanzada ha demostrado beneficios clínicos y mayor supervivencia. Con una morbilidad y mortalidad relacionada con el proceder quirúrgico aceptable independientemente la vía de acceso empleada(AU)
ABSTRACT Introduction: advanced cancer is cancer that has grown outside the organ in which it originated. Surgical resection is the most effective method to achieve colorectal cancer cure in 50 % of cases. Objectives: the objective was to evaluate the results of the multidisciplinary treatment, carried out on patients diagnosed with advanced colorectal cancer. Method: it is an observational, descriptive, ambispective and cross-sectional study at the "Hermanos Ameijeiras" Surgical Clinical Hospital between January 2013 and December 2018. The sample was 219 cases. Results: 34.2 percent of the patients were between 70 and 79 years old. 56.2 percent were women. There was a predominance of localization in the ascending colon (37.4 percent), in 57.1 percent it was moderately differentiated and in 34.2 percent in stage IIIA. 7.8 percent of the patients had a metastatic relapse, 70.5 percent of them in the liver. In 72.6 percent, the access route was laparoscopic. Right hemicolectomy was performed in 50.7 percent. Complications were observed in 25 patients (35.2 percent). 91.3 percent of the cases received adjuvant therapy. In 27.4 percent there was recurrence. Good results were obtained in the analysis of disease-free time and survival. Conclusion: we conclude that combined, sequential, and multidisciplinary treatment in advanced colorectal malignancy has demonstrated clinical benefits and increased survival. With an acceptable morbidity and mortality related to the surgical procedure regardless of the access route used. Multivisceral and / or en bloc resections and maximum resection manage to increase the free interval of disease progression and alleviate symptoms(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Colorectal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Colectomy/methods , Colon, Ascending/injuries , Neoplasm Metastasis/drug therapy , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Cross-Sectional Studies , Observational Studies as TopicABSTRACT
RESUMEN Objetivos: el objetivo principal del estudio fue evaluar la supervivencia global en pacientes con carcinoma colorrectal metastásico (CCRm) cuyos tumores tuvieran el gen KRAS mutado frente al no mutado. Materiales y métodos: se analizaron los datos de las historias clínicas de pacientes con CCRm (enero 2010 - diciembre 2013) de diferentes hospitales de Lima Metropolitana, cuyos tumores tuvieron evaluación del estado mutacional del exón 2, gen KRAS. Se usaron la curva de supervivencia de Kaplan-Meier y la prueba de long rank o Breslow para las comparaciones de las curvas de supervivencia. Resultados: de los 320 casos analizados, hubo 227 pacientes (70,93%) con KRAS no mutado y 93 (29,07%) con KRAS mutado. La supervivencia global de pacientes con CCRm y KRAS mutado fue mayor que los pacientes con KRAS no mutado (hazart ratio: 0,73; IC 95% 0,55 - 0,98; p=0,037). Conclusión: la población con CCRm y KRAS mutado estudiada en centros médicos de Lima Metropolitana tuvo una supervivencia mayor, comparada con la no mutada, comportamiento diferente a lo encontrado en la literatura mundial.
ABSTRACT Objectives : The main goal for this study was to evaluate overall survival in mCRC patients with mutated vs. wild type KRAS gene (exon 2) status. Materials and Methods : Between January 2010 and December 2013, data from clinical records of mCRC patients from different hospitals in Lima, stating an assessment of the KRAS gene mutation status (exon 2), were analyzed. Kaplan-Meier survival estimates and Log-Rank or Breslow Test were used to compare the survival curves. Results : Three-hundred and twenty cases were analyzed. There were 227 patients (70.93%) with wild type KRAS and 93 (29.07%) with mutated KRAS. The overall survival of mCRC patients and mutated KRAS was higher than that of patients with wild type KRAS (HR: 0.73; 95% CI: 0.55-0.98; P= 0.037). Conclusion : Patients with mCRC and mutated KRAS who were studied in Lima have higher survival rates compared to wild type patients, being this different from what is found in the world literature.
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Objective To compare the perioperative application of sufentanil and oxycodone in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery for gastric or colorectal cancer. Methods 59 patients were selected and randomly divided into group O and group S. Anesthesia was induced with sufentanil 0.3 μg/kg in group S and oxycodone 0.3 mg/kg in group O. Anesthesia was maintained with sevoflurane balanced anesthesia. When heart rate or blood pressure reached 20% over the baseline, additional dose of oxycodone 0.1 mg/kg was given in group O and sufentanil 0.1 μg/kg in group S. 30 minutes before the end of surgery, patients in group S received sufentanil 0.1 μg/kg and group O with oxycodone 0.1 mg/kg separately. Two hours in the PACU, a rescue dose of sufentanil 0.1 μg/kg or oxycodone 0.1 mg/kg was given to the patients with VAS score bigger than 4. Hemodynamic index, VAS score, Ramsay score, adverse responses and analgesics rescue were recorded. Results No difference was found in hemodynamic index, VAS score and analgesics rescue between the two groups (P>0.05). Ramsay score of group S is lower than that of group O (P=0.014). Induction period bucking incidence in group O was obviously lower than that in group S(P=0.002). The incidence of emergency agitation in group O was significantly lower than that in group S(P=0.045).There was no significant difference in respiratory depression, postoperative nausea and vomiting between two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion Compared with sufentanil, oxycodone significantly reduced the incidence of bucking and emergency agitation. Oxycodone provided better sedation to patients who received laparoscopic surgery for gastric or colorectal cancer.
ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Introduction: The presence of lymph node metastasis in colorectal cancer is determinant for prognosis and for treatment planning. The relationship between visceral fat and the prognosis is not fully documented in the literature, so this study intended to evaluate whether there is a relationship between the presence of visceral obesity and the presence of lymph node metastases and the prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer. Materials and methods: A sample of 68 patients who underwent surgery for colorectal cancer at Hospital de Braga between 1/1/2007 and 31/12/2007 was constructed, and their clinical and pathological data were recorded. Visceral fat, subcutaneous, and total fat areas were measured on preoperative computed tomography. Visceral obesity was defined as a ratio of visceral fat to total fat area >0.29. The ratio of metastatic lymph node (; number of metastatic lymph node/number of lymph node examined) was calculated. Results: There was a significant association between visceral obesity and male sex (p = 0.032). Patient survival at 5 and 10 years of follow-up was higher in patients with subcutaneous obesity in both periods, but not significant. There was a significant association between the ratio of metastatic lymph node and survival at 5 and 10 years (p = 0.03 and p = 0.002, respectively), with higher survival when ratio of metastatic lymph node = 0% and worse for ≥ 18%. Conclusion: In this study, no significant association was observed between visceral obesity and the number of metastatic lymph node, nor with survival at 5 and 10 years.
RESUMO Introdução: A presença de metastização ganglionar no câncer colorretal é determinante como fator de prognóstico e para planear o tratamento. A relação entre a presença de gordura visceral e o prognóstico não está totalmente documentada na literatura. Assim, pretende-se avaliar a existência de relação entre obesidade visceral e a presença de metástases ganglionares e o prognóstico de doentes com câncer colorretal. Materiais e métodos: Construiu-se uma amostra de 68 doentes operados por câncer colorretal no Hospital de Braga, entre 1/1/2007 e 31/12/2007, e registaram-se os seus dados clínico-patológicos e de seguimento. As áreas de gordura visceral, gordura subcutânea e gordura total foram medidas na tomografia computorizada pré-operatória. Obesidade visceral foi definida como um razão da gordura visceral relativamente à área total de gordura >0,29. Calculou-se a razão de linfonodos metastizados. Resultados: Verificou-se uma associação significativa entre obesidade visceral e sexo masculino (p = 0,032). A sobrevida dos pacientes, aos 5 e 10 anos de seguimento, foi superior naqueles com obesidade subcutânea em ambos períodos, contudo não significativa. Verificou-se uma associação significativa entre a sobrevivência em função da razão de linfonodos metastizados, aos 5 e 10 anos (p = 0,03 e p = 0,002; respectivamente), com maior sobrevivência quando a razão de linfonodos metastizados = 0% e pior quando ≥ 18%. Conclusão: Neste estudo não se observou uma associação significativa entre a obesidade visceral e o número de linfonodos metastizados nem com a sobrevida aos 5 e 10 anos.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Prognosis , Colorectal Neoplasms , Obesity, Abdominal , Lymph Nodes , Carcinoembryonic Antigen , Neoplasm StagingABSTRACT
Introducción: El cáncer de colon ocupa el cuarto lugar como causa de muerte por cáncer en adultos. Objetivo: Describir características de la expresión del oncogen K-ras en pacientes con cáncer colorectal (CCR) que acudieron a consulta de Gastroenterología del Hospital Universitario de Caracas en el período enero-julio 2014. Metodología: Estudio de corte transversal, descriptivo y prospectivo. La población de estudio estuvo conformada por pacientes con diagnóstico de CCR por colonoscopia e histología con evaluación molecular del K-ras. Resultados: de 35 pacientes 57,14% fueron del sexo masculino y 42,86% del femenino con edad media de 57±17años; el 100% de la muestra por histología correspondió a ADC predominando el tipo moderadamente diferenciado (40,00%). 28 pacientes (80%) no presentó mutación del K-ras mientras que 7 (20,00%) sí, de los cuales 6 (85,71%) reportó mutación en el codón 12 y 1 en el 13 (14,28%); en 4 de los 7 pacientes (57,14%) la mutación estuvo en el colon izquierdo. Conclusiones: la mutación del K-ras predomina en el sexo masculino con edad media de 57años estando presente en 20% de la población; la mutación en el codón 12 es más frecuente asociada al colon izquierdo y el CCR más común es el ADC bien diferenciado.
Introduction: Colon cancer ranks fourth leading cause of cancer death in adults. Objective: To describe characteristics of the expression of K-ras oncogene in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) who attended the outpatient Gastroenterology of the University Hospital of Caracas (HUC) in the period from january-july 2014. Methodology: Transversal, descriptive and prospective court. The study population consisted of patients diagnosed with CRC by colonoscopy and histology with molecular evaluation of K-ras. Results: Of the 35 patients 57,14% were male and 42,86% female with a mean age of 57±17 years old; 100% of the sample corresponded to ADC histology predominating moderately differentiated rate (40.00%). 28 patients (80%) had no mutation of K-ras while 7 (20,00%) did, of which 6 (85,71%) reported mutation at codon 12 and 1 in the 13 (14,28%); in 4 of 7 patients (57,14%) mutation was in the left colon. Conclusions: K-ras mutation predominates in males with an average age of 57 years old and is present in 20% of the population; mutation in codon 12 is most frequently associated with the left colon and the most commom type of CRC by histology is the well differentiated ADC.
ABSTRACT
Las grapas quirúrgicas son dispositivos médicos mecánicos complejos que han estado en el mercado por años y son maduros en su tecnología. Estos dispositivos son usados en cirugía gastrointestinal, ginecológica, torácica y muchas otras cirugías para remover parte de un órgano (resección), para cortar a través de órganos y tejidos (transección) y para crear conexiones entre estructuras (anastomosis). El Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas solicita la evaluación del procedimiento quirúrgico de grapado mecánico versus sutura manual para anastomosis en colonostomías realizadas en pacientes con cáncer colorectal. A pesar que la tecnología no supera la tolerancia al riesgo establecida actualmente para evaluación de tecnologías sanitarias en el Seguro Integral de Salud, se inició la evaluación por el SIS Central a pedido del Jefe del Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas y con la anuencia del Jefe del Seguro Integral de Salud, bajo el supuesto de la generación de nueva evidencia desde la elaboración del último informe SIS el año 2013.(AU)
Subject(s)
Colostomy/methods , Colorectal Neoplasms/surgery , Suture Techniques , Surgical Stapling , Technology Assessment, Biomedical , Clinical Protocols , Health Planning GuidelinesABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the effects of huaier granules on invasion and metastasis of colorectal cancer SW480 cells in vitro, and explore the basic mechanism. Methods The appropriate concentration and duration of huaier granules promoting SW480 cell apoptosis were determined by SubG1 method. Wound healing assay and transwell assay were used to observe the effect of huaier granules on SW480 cell invasion and metastasis. The changes of E-cadherin, twist, snail and vimentin at protein and mRNA levels were examined by Western blotting and Real-Time PCR. Results After treatment with huaier granules at 3. 0 g·L-1 for 36 h, apoptosis of SW480 cells was most significant, and wound healing assay revealed that relative mobility was (31. 36±2. 39)%, compared with (61. 11±1. 09)% in control group (P<0. 01). Number of invaded cells per field of view was (129±12) in treatment group and (354±20) in control group (P<0. 01). After treatment with huaier granules at 3. 0 g·L-1 for 36 h, protein and mRNA levels of E-cadherin were increased, while those of twist, snail and vimentin were decreased. Conclusion Huaier granules can inhibit invasion and metastasis of colorectal cancer SW480 cells in vitro through effectively depressing epithelial-mesenchymal transition.
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Introducción: en Cuba, el cáncer colorrectal constituye la tercera causa de mortalidad después del cáncer de pulmón y próstata. Se realizó este trabajo con el objetivo de caracterizar endoscópica e histológicamente a los pacientes con cáncer colorrectal diagnosticados en el hospital estudiado. Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo con 76 informes de videocolonoscopia realizadas en el Hospital Universitario Clínico Quirúrgico Comandante Faustino Pérez Hernández, desde junio de 2006 a junio de 2010, lo que constituyó el universo de trabajo. Se excluyeron los informes donde el proceder no pudo realizarse completo o no presentaban el resultado histológico de la lesión diagnosticada. Se analizaron las variables: grupo etario, sexo, localización de la lesión, aspecto endoscópico, variedad histológica y presencia de lesiones sincrónicas, estas fueron representadas en tablas y gráficos por frecuencias absolutas y relativas. Resultados: el grupo etario más frecuente fue de 50 a 64 años, con predominio del sexo masculino (56,6 %). La localización más frecuente fue en el colon rectosigmoide (34,2 %). El aspecto endoscópico más encontrado fue el ulcerado (63,2 %). La variedad histológica más frecuente fue el adenocarcinoma moderadamente diferenciado (52,6 %), predominando la presencia de adenomas sincrónicos (43,4 %). Conclusiones: los pacientes mayores de 50 años siguen siendo los más propensos a padecer de cáncer colorrectal. El aspecto endoscópico ulcerado, localizado en el rectosigmoide, histológicamente diagnosticado como adenocarcinoma moderadamente diferenciado, responden a un diagnóstico tardío.
Introduction: in Cuba, colorectal cancer is the third cause of mortality after lung and prostate cancer. We developed our work with the objective of arriving to an endoscopic and histological characterization of the patients with colorectal cancer diagnosed in the mentioned hospital. Method: we carried out a descriptive study with 76 reports of videocolonoscopies made in the Teaching Clinico-surgical Hospital Comandante Faustino Pérez Hernández, from June 2006 to June 2010, and that was the universe of our work. We excluded the reviews where the procedure could not be completely finished or that were lacking of the diagnosed lesion histological result. We analyzed the following variables: age group, gender, lesion localization, endoscopic aspect, histological variety and presence of synchronic lesions. They were represented in tables and charts showing the absolute and relative frequencies. Results: the most frequent age group was the one comprehending people aged 50-64 years old, with predomination of the male gender (56,6 %). The most frequent localization was the rectosigmoid colon (34,2 %). The most common endoscopic aspect we found was the ulcerated one (63,2 %). The most frequent histological variety was the moderately differenced adenocarcinoma (52,6 %), predominating the synchronic adenomas (43,4 %). Conclusions: patients elder 50 years old are still the ones who tend more of suffering from colorectal cancer. The ulcerated endoscopic aspect, found in the rectosigmoid colon, histologically diagnosed as moderately differentiated carcinoma, is the result of a late diagnosis.
ABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to determine the cytomorphological characteristics of circulating tumor cells (CTCS) in patients with colo-rectal cancer and compare them with the primary tumor and metastasis. CTCS were obtained from blood using differential gel centrifugation and detected using standard immunocytochemistry using anti-CEA. Primary CTCs were defined as those detected before surgery and secondary CTCs those detected after. Surgical specimens of the primary tumor and metastasis were evaluated using standard histological methods with hematoxillin and eosin. CTCs both primary and secondary retained the cytomorphological characteristics of the primary tumor, showing marked intra-patient pleomorphism. There were no differences between primary and secondary CTCs in their cytomorphological features. CTCs from patients with signet ring tumors showed the presence of intracellular mucin deposits. Groups of 3 or more CTCs were only seen in patients with metastasis, whereas duplets of CTcs were seen in patients with metastatic and non-metastatic colo-rectal cancer. This study provides an initial analysis of the cytomorphological features of CTCs, providing a foundation for further investigation into the significance and metastatic potential of CTCs...
El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar las características cito-morfológicas de las células tumorales circulantes (CTCs) en pacientes con cáncer colo-rectal y compararlas con la cito-morfología del tumor primario y de las metástasis. CTCs fueron obtenidas de la sangre venosa usando centrifugación diferencial y detectadas utilizando inmumocitoquímica estándar con un anticuerpo monoclonal contra el antígeno carcino-embrionico. Las CTCs primarias fueron definidas como aquellas detectadas antes de la cirugía, y las CTCs secundarias aquellas detectadas después de la cirugía. Las piezas quirúrgicas fueron analizadas con métodos histológicos estándares con hematoxilina y eosina. Las CTCs primarias y secundarias se mantengan las mismas características cito-morfológicas que el tumor primario, con una grande variabilidad pleomorfica entre los diferentes pacientes. No hubo diferencias entre CTCs primarias y secundarias en términos de su morfología. Las CTCs detectadas en pacientes con tumores tipo anillo en sello tuvieron la presencia de inclusiones de mucina. CTCs agrupadas en 3 o más células solamente fueron detectadas en pacientes con metástasis, mientras la detección de CTCS en grupos de 2 células fueron detectadas en pacientes con o sin metástasis. Este estudio demuestra un análisis inicial de los hallazgos citomorfológicos de las CTCs en pacientes Chilenos con cáncer colo-rectal, y la base para investigaciones futuras acerca la significancia y potencial metastasica de las CTCs...
Subject(s)
Humans , Neoplastic Cells, Circulating/pathology , Colorectal Neoplasms/pathology , Centrifugation , Chile , ImmunohistochemistryABSTRACT
The aim of this report was to determine the outcome of all patients subjected to colonoscopy at an outpatient medical facility in central Jamaica. A copy of the colonoscopy report of each consecutive patient during the period March 2007 to April 2011 was entered into a database and analysed. One thousand two hundred and fifty patients were identified with a mean age of 60 years and 56.5% were female. The most common indication for colonoscopy was bleeding (28%) but constipation (15%) and screening (11%) were also important. Caecal intubation was achieved in 96% of the group. While 30% of the group had normal findings, 32% had diverticulosis and 23% had haemorrhoids; importantly 10% had carcinomas and 11 % had adenomas. Adenomas were detected in 13% of the screened patients. The most important predictor ofan abnormal colonoscopy was a history ofbleeding. The perforation rate was 0.24% with no perforations occurring in the latter 650 cases.
El objetivo de este reporte fue determinar la evolución clínica de todos los pacientes sometidos a colonoscopía en una clínica de consulta externa en Jamaica central. Una copia del reporte de la colonoscopía de cada paciente consecutivo durante el periodo de marzo de 2007 a abril de 2011 fue introducida en la base de datos, y luego analizada. Se identificaron un total de mil doscientos cincuenta pacientes con edad promedio de 60 años, de los cuales 56.5% eran hembras. La indicación más común para la colonoscopía fue el sangramiento (28%) pero el estreñimiento (15%) y el tamizaje (11%) fueron también importantes. La intubación cecal se logró en el 96% del grupo. Mientras que el 30% del grupo tuvo resultados normales, el 32% presentó diverticulosis y el 23% tenia hemorroides. Aún más importante: 10% tenían carcinomas y 11% tenían adenomas. Se detectaron adenomas en 13% de los pacientes tamizados. El predictor más importante de una colonoscopía anormal fue una historia de sangramiento. La tasa de perforación fue 0.24% sin que se presentaran perforaciones en los últimos 650 casos.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Adenoma/diagnosis , Carcinoma/diagnosis , Colonoscopy , Colorectal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/etiology , Adenoma/complications , Carcinoma/complications , Colorectal Neoplasms/complications , Constipation/etiology , Diverticulum/complications , Diverticulum/diagnosis , Early Detection of Cancer , Hemorrhoids/complications , Hemorrhoids/diagnosis , Jamaica , RectumABSTRACT
En Colombia, el cáncer colorectal es reconocido como un importante problema de salud pública, con una tendencia general al incremento en ambos géneros; se ubica entre los cinco primeros lugares en relación con la mortalidad. Teniendo en cuenta los diagnósticos histopatológicos reunidos entre enero de 2000 y diciembre de 2007, se realizó un análisis descriptivo retrospectivo en 191 pacientes tolimenses con tumores colorrectales tipo adenocarcinoma; estos fueron seleccionados en cinco centros de patología de la ciudad de Ibagué, mediante pruebas descriptivas básicas empleando el método porcentual. Los datos más sobresalientes corresponden a la edad al momento del diagnóstico (promedio mayor de 60 años), localización en el recto (34,6%) y en el colon izquierdo (28,3%) y aumento de los adenomas tubulovelloso y velloso.
In Colombia, colorectal cancer is recognized as a major public health problem. Its general tendency is occur more frequently among both genders. It now ranks among the top five in terms of mortality. Using histopathological diagnoses collected from pathology laboratories in Ibagué, Tolima between January 2000 and December 2007, we conducted a retrospective analysis of 191 patients who had colorectal adenocarcinoma. The most important findings are that the average age of diagnosis was over 60 years, most common tumor locations were in the rectum (34.6%) and in the left colon (283%), and the greatest numbers of tumors were tubulovillous adenoma, or villous adenoma. Most of cases were tubular.
Subject(s)
Humans , Adenocarcinoma , Colorectal NeoplasmsABSTRACT
El cáncer colorectal (CCR) es una de las principales causas de mortalidad y morbilidad por cáncer a nivel mundial. La mayoría de estudios sobre la supervivencia de pacientes con CCR proviene de países desarrollados ya que muy pocas poblaciones en desarrollo tienen adecuados sistemas de seguimiento, lo cual impide conocer la magnitud y el impacto del problema. Este trabajo se enfocó en determinar la supervivencia de la población del municipio de Pasto diagnosticada con CCR durante el periodo 2004-2008 para establecer la población en riesgo sobre la cual se deben dirigir los programas de prevención con el fin de disminuir mortalidad por CCR y aumentar la supervivencia de la población. En los resultados se encontró una baja supervivencia relativa a 5 años (56%), muy similar a la reportada en otras poblaciones antes de la implementación de programas preventivos y de diagnóstico temprano. Además el aumento de la edad, la disminución del grado de diferenciación tumoral y los tumores de recto y ano disminuyen las probabilidades de supervivencia.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality from cancer worldwide. Most studies on the survival of CRC patients comes from developed countries because and very few populations in developing have an appropriate monitoring systems, making it impossible to know the magnitude and impact of the problem. This work focused on determining the survival of the population of the municipality of Pasto diagnosed with CRC during 2004-2008 to establish the population at risk over which should be directed prevention programs to reduce CRC mortality and increase survival of the population. In the results, the relative survival at 5 years was low (56%) and very similar to that reported in other populations before implementation of preventive programs and early diagnosis. Moreover, the increasing age, the decreasing of the degree of tumor differentiation and tumors of rectum and anus decreased the chances of survival.
ABSTRACT
El cáncer de colon y recto (CCR) es actualmente la cuarta causa de muerte por cáncer en Chile. Su incidencia, sin embargo, está aumentando continuamente en nuestra población. El objetivo de este estudio es describir aspectos morfológicos y clínicos de pacientes resecados por CCR. Estudio de cohorte retrospectiva. Se estudiaron 322 pacientes intervenidos por CCR entre 1987 y 2003 en el Hospital Hernán Henríquez Aravena de Temuco. Las variables clínicas y morfológicas estudiadas (todas ellas analizadas para los subgrupos de sujetos con tumores de colon y de recto) fueron edad, género, localización tumoral, forma y tamaño tumoral, nivel de infiltración, tipo histológico, grado de diferenciación histológico y compromiso tumoral de nodos linfáticos. Se utilizaron estadísticas descriptivas y analíticas; aplicando chi-cuadrado de Pearson y exacto de Fisher para las variables categóricas; y, T-test para variables continuas. La mediana de edad fue de 66 años, con promedio de edad para tumores de colon derecho (CD), transverso (CT), izquierdo (CI) y recto fue 62,2, 64,6, 64, y 64,4 años respectivamente (p=0,53). En CD e CI se verificaron 57 por ciento y 47 por ciento de mujeres respectivamente (p<0,05). El 69 por ciento de los casos correspondió a tumores de colon (24 por ciento CD, 4 por ciento CT y 41 por ciento CI) y 31 por ciento a tumores de recto. El tamaño tumoral promedio fue 67,2 +/- 33,1 mm CD, 53,5 +/- 19,7 mm CT, 44,1 +/- 22,3 mm. CI y 41,5 +/- 17,5 mm en recto (p<0,001). En CD la forma tipo Bormann I se observó en el 57 por ciento mientras que en CI lesiones anulares y ulceradas en 45 por ciento en CI. Se encontró 75 por ciento de tumores moderadamente diferenciados; correspondiendo el 82 por ciento a adenocarcinomas, 16 por ciento adenocarcinoma mucinoso y 2 por ciento carcinoma de células en anillo de sello. El 76 por ciento correspondió a tumores T3 y T4. Se encontró compromiso tumoral de nodos linfáticos en 39 por ciento de los cuales el 95 por ciento...
The colorectal cancer (CRC) is currently the fourth cause of cancer death in Chile. Its incidence, however, is continuously increasing in our population. The aim of this study is to describe morphological and clinical aspects of patients resected CRC. Retrospective cohort study. We studied 322 patients operated on for CRC between 1987 and 2003 in the Hernan Henriquez Aravena Hospital of Temuco. The clinical and morphological variables studied (all analyzed for subgroups of subjects with tumors of the colon and rectum) were age, gender, tumor location, tumor size and shape, level of infiltration, histological type, histological differentiation grade and tumor involvement lymph node. We used descriptive statistics and analytical, using Pearson chi-square and Fisher exact tests for categorical variables and T-test for continuous variables. The median age was66 years, with average age of the right colon tumors (RC), transverse (TC), left (LC) and rectum was 62.2, 64.6, 64, and 64.4 years respectively (p = 0.53). In RC and LC were observed 57 percent and 47 percent of women, respectively (p <0.05). 69 percent of the cases corresponded to tumors of the colon (24 percent RC, 4 percent TC and 41 percent LC) and 31 percent to cancer of the rectum. The average tumor size was 67.2 +/- 33.1 mm RC, 53.5 +/- 19.7 mm. TC, 44.1 +/- 22.3 mm LC and 41.5 +/- 17.5 mm in the rectum (p <0.001). On RC as Bormann type I was observed in 57 percent while the LC annular and ulcerative lesions 45 percent CI. We found 75 percent of moderately differentiated tumors, corresponding to 82 percent adenocarcinomas, 16 percent and 2 percent mucinous adenocarcinoma cell carcinoma signet-ring. 76 percent were T3 and T4 tumors. We found lymph node tumor involvement in 39 percent of which 95 percent were T3-T4 tumors. We checked at the regional level for patients with CRC clinical and morphological variables described in the literature.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Female , Middle Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Colorectal Neoplasms/epidemiology , Colorectal Neoplasms/pathology , Age Factors , Lymphatic Metastasis , Neoplasm Invasiveness , Colorectal Neoplasms/surgery , Retrospective Studies , Sex FactorsABSTRACT
El siguiente es un estudio retrospectivo donde se determina la prevalencia de pólipos adenomatosos en pacientes asintomáticos mayores de 45 años, que acuden a la Consulta de Chequeo Médico Tutorial del Centro Médico Docente La Trinidad, Caracas, Venezuela, y su comparación con otros grupos etários, mediante el uso de rectosigmoidoscopia flexible, desde enero de 2001 hasta octubre de 2006. Población: 3556 sigmoidoscopias flexibles, de Chequeo Médico Tutorial (SFOD) registradas en la base de datos de este centro. Se evaluaron 563 pacientes con diagnósticos de pólipos para un total de 730 pólipos diagnosticados endoscópicamente. Muestra: se incluyeron 477 pacientes en el estudio: 92 femeninos (19,28%) y 385 masculinos (80,71%), con diagnóstico endoscópico de 634 pólipos de colon izquierdo. Metodología: a todos los pacientes se les realizo rectosigmoidoscopia utilizando un colonoscopico marca Fujinon modelo EXP 201, previa preparación retrógrada con 2 enemas de bifosfato sódico y fosfato sódico, y dieta líquida. El pólipo se resecó durante la rectosigmoidoscopia cuando medía menos de 7mm con pinza o fórceps de biopsia. Se realizó colonoscopia y polipectomía de la lesión cuando ésta mide más de 7mm, con asa de diatermia. Se valoraron parámetros tales como: sexo, edad, localización de pólipo o lesión plana, tipo morfológico, tamaño histología y grado de displasia. Resultados: la edad general promedio de los pacientes con pólipos fue de 53,89 años, con una desviación estándar de 7,56 años. Se determinó una prevalencia de 4,38% de pacientes asintomáticos sin riesgo, con adenomas (156/3556), predominando el sexo masculino con el 87,82% (137) y un intervalo de confianza de 0,81 a 0,91, prevalece en el grupo de 50,59 años (26,28%), seguido del grupo de 45-49 años (25,64%). El femenino represento sólo el 12,16; prevalecen los mayores de 65 años. La edad promedio fue de 54,7 años, con una desviación estándar de 7,6 y con intervalo de confianza al 95% 40=70 años. Se observó un incremento en la frecuencia de adenomas en el grupo etario de 50 a 59 años, 28,50% (65/228), y una frecuencia significativa en el grupo de 45 a 49 años, 25% (57). Los adenomas grandes (1cm) representan el 44,29% (101/223), los diminutos representan el 35,08 (80) y los pequeños el 20,6%. El 71,79% de los pacientes (112/156) fue referido para colonoscopia y polipectomía. El 42,98%, de los adenomas tubulares reportó displasia de bajo grado y el 3,50% displasia de alto grado, la cual prevalece en los adenomas tubulovellosos en un 5,26% (12). El 3,50% (6) reportó displasia de bajo grado y el 0,87% reportó carcinoma invasor. El 3,50% de los adenomas planos tiene displasia de alto grado.
The following is a retrospective study which determines the prevalence of polyps in asymptomatic patients over 45 years of age, attending the Tutorial Medical Check Consult at the Centro Medico Docente La Trinidad, Caracas, Venezuela, and its comparison with other age groups, using flexible rectosigmoidoscopy, from January 2001 to October 2006. Population: 3556 flexible sigmoidoscopies, Tutorial Medical Check (SFOD) recorded in the centre`s database. We evaluated 563 patients diagnosed with polyps for a total of 730 polyps diagnosed endoscopically. Sample: 477 patients were included in the study: 92 female (19.28%) and 385 male (80.71%), with 634 endoscopic diagnosis of left colon polyps. Methodology: rectosigmoidoscopy was performed on all patients using a Fujinon EXP model 201 colonoscope with previous retrograde preparation with 2 sodium biphospate and sodium phosphate enemas, and a liquid diet. The polyp was resected during the rectosigmoidoscopy when it measured less than 7mm with clamp or biopsy forceps. Colonoscopy and polypectomy of the injury was performed when it measured more than 7mm, with a loop diathermy. We evaluated parameters such as sex, age, location of the flat lesion or polyp, morphological type, size and histologic grade of dysplasia. Results: The overall average age of patients with polyps was 53.89 years, with a standard deviation of 7.56 years. A prevalence of 4.38% of asymptomatic patients without risk , with adenomas (156/3556) was found mainly boys with 87.82% (137) and a confidence level of 0.81 to 0.91, the group of 50.59 years prevails (26.28%), followed by the group of 45-49 years (25.64%). The women represent only 12.16%; prevailing those over 65. The average age was 54.7 years, with a standard deviation of 7.6 and with a 95%confidence interval 40 = 70 years. It was noted an increase in the frequency of adenomas in the 50 to 59 years age group 28.50% (65/228), and a high frequency in the 45 to 49 years group , 25% (57). Large adenomas (1cm) accounted for 44.29% (101/223), the tiny representing 35.08 (80) and small 20.6%. 71.79% of the patients (112/156) were referred for colonoscopy and polypectomy. 42.98% of tubular adenomas reported low grade dysplasia and 3.50% high-grade dysplasia, which prevails in tubulovillous adenomas in 5.26% (12). 3.50% (6) reported low grade dysplasia and 0.87% reported invasive carcinoma. 3.50% of flat adenomas has high-grade dysplasia.
ABSTRACT
Introducción: Las tasas de cáncer colorectal están aumentando en varios países. Para investigar este hecho hemos analizado las tasas de incidencia en una zona del Norte de España entre 1992 y 2005. Métodos: hemos calculado las tasas de incidencia del cáncer de colon y recto, así como la tendencia por el método de Joinpoint. Resultados: Se observa un porcentaje anual de cambio (APC) de 7.34 en mujeres y 10.10 en hombres, ambos estadísticamente significativos. En cambio no se encuentra variación en el cáncer de recto. Conclusiones: también en España se están encontrando notables incrementos de cáncer de colon, aunqueno de recto. Es preciso seguir monitorizando esta tendencia y evaluar los factores de riesgo para esta enfermedad.
Background: The colorectal cancer incidence rates have been rapidly increasing. In order to investigate trends in colorectal cancer incidence rates we analyzed incidence data between 1992 and 2005 in the North of Spain. Methods: Using Joinpoint models, we evaluated the effects of time period on colon and rectal cancer incidence. Results: The analysis found a significant annual percentage of change (APC) (7.34) on female colon cancer incidence, and a significant APC (10.10) in male incidence. For incidence rectal cancer significant cohort effect was found comparing males and females. Conclusions: Owr study shows a significant continuous increase incidence of colon cancer in Spain. We suggest to follow monitoring of cancer incidence and assessing risk factors.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Colorectal Neoplasms/epidemiology , Age Factors , Colonic Neoplasms/classification , Colonic Neoplasms/epidemiology , Colorectal Neoplasms/classification , Incidence , Rectal Neoplasms/classification , Rectal Neoplasms/epidemiology , Registries/statistics & numerical data , Regression Analysis , Risk Factors , Sex Distribution , Spain/epidemiologyABSTRACT
El cáncer colorectal (CCR) representa la segunda causa de mortalidad por cáncer a nivel mundial, con una supervivencia promedio a cinco años inferior a 55%. La presencia de pólipos adenomatosos constituye el principal factor de riesgo asociado al desarrollo de CCR; así, la remoción temprana de éstos ha demostrado ser una intervención costo efectiva para reducir la incidencia de CCR. La prevalencia de pólipos colónicos tomada de países con alta incidencia varía entre 12% y 25% para aquéllos de localización distal, 21% y 27% en casos de localización proximal y 9% y 13,5% para casos de lesión proximal con pólipo sincrónico distal. No se dispone en Colombia de estudios que evalúen la prevalencia y el significado de los pólipos colónicos de localización distal Objetivos: estimar la prevalencia de pólipos en colon distal en pacientes remitidos para sigmoidoscopia diagnóstica y medir el riesgo de presentar neoplasia proximal sincrónica. Pacientes y métodos: estudio cross-sectional. Se evaluaron consecutivamente 4044 sujetos mayores de 14 años, 3903 (96,5%) cumplieron criterios de inclusión; se les aplicó un formulario previo a la realización del procedimiento endoscópico. En todos los casos en que se encontró pólipos en la sigmoidoscopia, se practicó colonoscopia total. Resultados: para la población general la edad promedio fue de 48,51 (DE = 16,27), 54,3% correspondió al sexo masculino. Para sujetos con pólipos distales la edad promedio fue de 56,53 (DE = 15,53). La prevalencia de pólipos distales fue de 8,19% (320/3903), de 7,3% (88/1210) para los de localización proximal y 14,4% (42/980) para lesión proximal con lesión distal sincrónica. El riesgo de neoplasia proximal se incrementó en más de tres veces con la presencia de pólipo colónico distal (OR = 3,39, IC 95% 2,14-5,38). El riesgo de presentar neoplasia proximal sincrónica en pacientes de 60 años o mayores, fue significativamente superior (OR = 3,99, IC 95% 2,36=6,79). Conclusiones: la prevalencia de pólipos colónicos de localización distal (8,19%), proximal (7,3%) y proximal sin lesión distal (4,7%) en la población estudiada, es significativamente menor comparada con la encontrada en países desarrollados. No obstante la identificación de esta lesión mediante la sigmoidoscopia, independiente del tamaño del pólipo y del tipo histológico, incrementan notablemente la probabilidad de neoplasia proximal. En consecuencia, la identificación de cualquier pólipo durante la sigmoidoscopia justifica con alto grado de confiabilidad la práctica de colonoscopia total. La prevalencia de neoplasia proximal sin lesión distal (9%) se asimila a la de los países desarrollados; de otra parte el riesgo de encontrar neoplasia sincrónica proximal se incrementa ostensiblemente en población mayor a 60 años. Por lo tanto nosotros sugerimos en pacientes mayores a 60 años la realización de colonoscopia total.
Colorectal cancer (CCR) represents the second cause of mortality for cancer in the world, with a 5 year survival average less than 55%. The presence of adenomatous polyps constitutes the main risk factor associated to the development of CCR and their early removal has demonstrated to be an effective cost intervention to reduce the incidence of CCR. Prevalence of colonic polyps in countries with high incidence varies between 12%-25% for those of distal location, 21%-27% for proximal location and 9%-13,5% for those with proximal lesions and synchronous distal polyp. We do not have in lang=EN-US>Colombia studies that evaluate the prevalence and the meaning of the colonic polyps of distal location Objectives: to estimate the prevalence of polyps in the distal colon (DP) in patients studied with a diagnostic sigmoidoscopy and to calculate the risk of suffering a synchronous proximal neoplasia. Patient and methods: we used a designed cross-sectional, study 4044 patients were studied consecutively, older than 14 years, 3903 (96,5%) completed inclusion criteria. These were applied previously to the endoscopic performance. In the whole of the cases when a polyp was found a colonoscopy was done Results: the general mean age was 48,51 yr (OF = 16,27), 54.3% males. For subjects with DP it was 56,53 yr (OF = 15,53). The prevalence of DP was 8,19% (320/3903), of 7.3% (88/1210) for those of localization proximal and 14,4% (42/980) for those with proximal and synchronous distal lesions. The risk of proximal neoplasia was increased in more than three times with the presence of colonic DP (OR = 3,39, IC 95% 2.14-5.38) and this risk is still bigger in patients with or older than 60 years (OR = 3,99, IC 95% 2,36=6,79 ). Conclusions: The prevalence of colonic DP (8,19%), proximal (7,3%) and proximal without lesion distal (4,7%) in the studied population is significantly smaller compared with the opposing one in developed countries. Nevertheless, the identification of this lesion in a sigmoidoscopy , independent of the size and of the histological type, increases the probability of a proximal neoplasia and this finding indicates that a colonoscopy must be done. The prevalence of a proximal neoplasia without DP (9%) is similar to that described in developed countries. On the other hand the risk of finding a synchronous proximal neoplasia is ostensibly increased in older than 60 years and therefore we suggest that in this group of patients a complete colonoscopy must be done.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Colorectal Neoplasms , Polyps , Prevalence , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: There are few therapeutic options in patients with colorectal cancer that progressed or recurred after initial 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) therapy. Many different 5-FU-based regimens and biochemical modulations that can potentiate the cytotoxic effects of 5-FU have been investigated in these patients. We evaluated the efficacy and toxicity of combination of 5-FU, leucovorin, levamisole and cisplatin(FLLP) salvage combination chemotherapy in progressive or recurrent colorectal cancer after 5-FU/leucovorin chemotherapy. METHODS: Twenty-eight patients were enrolled in this study from April 1995 to July 1999. Patients received cisplatin (60 mg/m2) administerd on day 1, followed by leucovorin (20 mg/m2) and 5-FU (375 mg/m2) by rapid intravenous push for 5 consecutive days on day 1~5. Levamisole was given orally at a dose 50 mg three times a day on day 1~3 & day 15~17. Treatment courses were repeated in 4-week intervals. RESULTS: Twenty-two patients were evaluable after treatment. Objective tumor response was in 4 of 22 (18.2%). The complete response, partial response, stable disease were 4.5% (1/22), 13.7% (3/22), 31.8% (7/22) respectively. The median response duration was 5.5 months. The median time to progression was 5.8 months. The overall median survival duration was 8.7 months and response group lived significantly longer than non-response group (not yet reached vs. 7.9 month, p=0.03). WHO grade 3-4 leukopenia occurred in 14%, nausea and vomiting 9%, but there was no treatment related death. CONCLUSION: We concluded that evaluation of this regimen appears relatively safe, with modest response as a salvage chemotherapy in patients who were previously exposed to 5-FU containing regimen.
Subject(s)
Humans , Cisplatin , Colorectal Neoplasms , Drug Therapy , Drug Therapy, Combination , Fluorouracil , Leucovorin , Leukopenia , Levamisole , Nausea , VomitingABSTRACT
Objective:To probe into the expression and the clinic significance of LEA on colorectal carcinoma. Methods:The expression of LEA and CEA in 140 colorectal cancer specimens and 100 colorectal non-cancerous specimens had been detectd by immunohistcchemistry S-P method.Results:The expression of LEA was relative to tumor differentiation degree and exhibits higher selectivity in high differentiation ade-nocarcinoma ( P 0.05) . The positive rate of LEA in adenoma was much higher than surrounding non-cancerous mucosa and normal mucosa. In normal mucosa the positive rate of LEA was obviously lower than that of CEA ( P