ABSTRACT
Las enfermedades no transmisibles representan un problema de salud pública a nivel mundial. Los objetivos de este estudio fueron: determinar la prevalencia de obesidad y la asociación con variables socioeconómicas, antropométricas, composición corporal, actividad física, consumo de alimentos y seguridad alimentaria e identificar riesgo temprano de diabetes tipo 2 (DT2) en niños escolares urbanos. El presente es un estudio transversal, de 1052 niños de escuelas públicas y privadas de ocho ciudades de Venezuela. Las variables obtenidas incluyeron: peso, talla, índice de masa corporal (IMC), porcentaje de grasa corporal (PGC), actividad física y en una sub-muestra glicemia capilar y circunferencia de cintura. Se aplicó una encuesta para determinar estrato socio económico (ESE), actividad física, percepción de seguridad alimentaria y hábitos de estilo de vida. La prevalencia de obesidad fue 26,4 % según IMC y 26,5%, según PGC; el déficit fue de 10,3% según IMC y de 13,5% según PGC. El 40,2% de los niños pertenecían a ESE medios, bajos y muy bajos, en tanto que 48,7% pertenecía al ESE medio alto, según el Método Graffar-Méndez Castellano. En el análisis de correspondencias múltiples se observó una alta contribución al eje factorial de los excesos de grasa corporal, peso e IMC por parte del consumo de comida chatarra, dulces, bebidas azucaradas y proteínas fritas. La ciudad con mayor prevalencia de obesidad de acuerdo con el PGC fue Maracay. El análisis (OR) entre la glicemia y las diferentes variables no fue significativo. Se identificó además la presencia de la doble carga desnutrición y obesidad en la población escolar estudiada(AU)
Non communicable diseases are a major health concern. The aim of this study was to measure obesity prevalence among school age children in 8 cities of Venezuela and the association with sociodemographic, antropometric, physical activity, body composition and food security variables and to identify risk factors for developing type 2 diabetes in the future. This is a cross sectional study of 1052 children recruited in 2011 at public and private schools. Anthropometric variables, body mass index (BMI) and body fat percentage (BFP) were obtained and there was a subsample in Caracas where capillary glucose and waist circumference were performed. A semi-structured questionnaire for evaluating socioeconomic status (SES), perception of food insecurity and lifestyle habits was given to parents of children in order to obtain information. A general prevalence 26.4 % of Obesity according to BMI was reported, whereas by BFP was 26.5%, deficit of BMI was 10.3% and low BFP 13.5%. The city with the highest prevalence of obesity according to BFP was Maracay, Aragua State. The 40.2% of children belonged to medium, low and very low SES, while 48.5% classified as medium high SES according to Graffar-Mendez Castellanos method. A high contribution of excess of fried foods, sweets, sugary beverages and junk foods was found to the axis of high BMI, weight and BFP when Multiple Correspondence Analysis was performed. OR analysis didnt show significance between different variables. There was a consistent finding of the existence of the double burden: obesity-undernutrition as has been shown in other studies(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Socioeconomic Factors , Body Composition , Eating , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/etiology , Pediatric Obesity/physiopathology , Noncommunicable Diseases , Motor Activity , Anthropometry , Public Health , Population GrowthABSTRACT
INTRODUÇÃO E OBJETIVOS: Diabetes mellitus (DM) é a mais importante patologia que envolve o pâncreas endócrino, sendo uma das principais causas de morbidade e mortalidade na população geral. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a determinação da glicemia em diferentes tipos de amostras e metodologias. MÉTODOS: Utilizando um equipamento Accu-Check Advantage (Roche), foi avaliada a glicemia em amostras de sangue capilar (GCG) e de sangue venoso (GVG), e a dosagem da glicemia venosa em plasma (GVE) foi realizada por método enzimático de rotina. RESULTADOS E CONCLUSÃO: Foi observada boa correlação entre a GCG e a GVG (r = 0,8742). Entretanto, houve diferença significativa entre a GCG e a GVE (r = 0,6543) e entre a GVG e a GVE (r = 0,5038) (p < 0,001). Essa diferença é maior considerando-se apenas os pacientes normoglicêmicos. O fato de haver diferentes estudos com resultados conflitantes entre si não depende somente da marca ou série específica do glicosímetro, já que uma mesma marca pode apresentar resultados inconsistentes em diferentes estudos.
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Diabetes mellitus is the most important pathology that affects the endocrine pancreas and one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality among the general population. The aim of this work was to evaluate the correlation of blood glucose determination in different types of samples and methodologies. METHODS: Using an Accu-Check Advantage glucometer (Roche), it was determined the blood glucose levels in capillary (CBG) and venous (VBG) samples, and plasma venous glucose was determined by routine enzymatic methodology (EVG). RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: It was observed a good correlation between CBG and VBG (r = 0.8742). However, there was a significant difference between CBG and EVG (r = 0.6543) and between VBG and EVG (r = 0.5038) (p < 0.001). These differences are even more substantial considering only normoglycemic patients. The existence of different studies with inconsistent results does not depend only on the glucometer brand or its specific series, as the same device may present inconsistent results in different studies.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring/instrumentation , Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring/methods , Diabetes Mellitus/diagnosis , Blood Glucose/analysis , Clinical Laboratory Techniques , Diabetes Mellitus/bloodABSTRACT
O trabalho visa avaliar eficácia e a preferência dos pacientes na monitorização da glicemia capilar em locais alternativos: lóbulo de orelha, antebraço e panturrilha em relação à ponta de dedo. Foram avaliados 89 pacientes (39 M/50 F) com diabetes melito tipo 2 (DM2). A monitorização foi feita com glicosímetro digital (ACCU - CHEK Performa, Roche), lancetador ACCU-CHEK Multiclix, em grau 5 na face palmar da falange distal do 3º dedo da mão direita, porção inferior do lóbulo da orelha direita, antebraço direito e região superior da panturrilha direita. Não houve diferença da glicemia capilar na ponta de dedo em relação aos locais alternativos. A ponta de dedo foi o local mais doloroso. Quanto ao local de preferência, a orelha e a ponta de dedo foram os preferidos. A monitorização glicêmica em locais alternativos é simples, segura e eficaz, como a glicemia de ponta de dedo.
This paper evaluate the efficacy and patients preferences of glucose monitoring in alternatives sites: ear lobe, forearm and calf against conventional fingerstick. We studied 89 patients (39 M/ 50 F) with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). Glucose monitoring was measured using a digital glucosimeter (ACCU - CHEK Performa, Roche), and ACCU-CHEK Multiclix lancetador, with grade 5 on the distal phalange on the right hand's third finger, inferior part of right ear lobe, right forearm and right calf. There was not statistical significance on the comparative analyzes of fingerstick and alternatives sites. There was more pain in fingerstick. The patients preferred the fingerstick and the ear lobe. Glucose monitoring in alternative sites is as simple, safe and efficient as fingerstick.