ABSTRACT
Cathartic colon （CC） is a common and refractory digestive system disease， with the pathogenesis not fully clarified. The effective therapies other than laxatives and surgery remain to be developed for CC. Therefore， establishing the CC animal models that fit the disease characteristics of western medicine and syndrome characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） is an important link to promote the research on this disease. The fitting degree of animal models with the latest Chinese and western medical diagnostic criteria is an indicator to assess the effectiveness of the animal models in simulating the disease characteristics of western medicine and syndrome characteristics of TCM. The literature review showed that the model animals， drugs and their dosage forms， doses， administration methods， and modeling period of CC varied in different studies， and the available CC animal models presented different fitting degrees with the disease characteristics of western medicine and syndrome characteristics of TCM. Rats were the preferred animals for the modeling of CC. Rhei Radix et Rhizoma preparations were commonly used for model inducing， which， however， may cause water electrolyte disorders， decreased immunity， and even death of animals at the late stage of modeling. The animals were modeled by gradually increasing the starting dose， while the starting dose and increasing dose varied. The maintenance dose was determined based on 50% of the animals having loose stools， and the end for a cycle was determined as the time when loose stools disappeared in 80% of animals. The modeling always lasted for 2-3 cycles， approximately 2-4 months. The CC models established with Rhei Radix et Rhizoma granules and rhein had high fitting degrees with the disease and syndrome characteristics. In addition， the CC animal models of TCM syndromes were still in the exploration stage. There were only the animal models of four TCM syndromes： liver depression and spleen deficiency， both Qi and Yin deficiency， Qi stagnation and blood stasis， and spleen and kidney deficiency. Efforts should be made to establish the animal models that meet the characteristics of disease of western medicine and syndromes of TCM， so as to facilitate the research on CC mechanism and drug development.
ABSTRACT
Background: Cathartic colon belongs to the category of 'constipation' in Traditional Chinese Medicine, and its pathogenesis is related to deficiency of kidney temperament and weak promotion ability, which has become a hot spot of global medical attention. Aims: To investigate the effect and possible mechanism of Jiawei Shenqi-wan (JSQW) on intestinal transmission function and pathological changes of interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs) in rats with cathartic colon. Methods: Forty rats were randomly divided into blank group, model group, prucalopride group and JSQW group. Fecal moisture content, fecal particle number and intestinal transit rate were detected. The pathological changes of ICCs were observed under transmission electron microscope. RT-qPCR was used to detect the mRNA expressions of water channel proteins (AQP3 and AQP9) and SCF/c-kit pathway. Immunohistochemistry was used to measure the expressions of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)
ABSTRACT
ObjectiveObserving the distribution and the change of the quantity of SP,VIP in the colon tissue of 'cathartic colon'rats.MethodsWe divided the 32 wistar rats weighted (200 ±10)g into 2 groops randomly:the blank group( n =8) and model group( n =8).we induced the 'cathartic colon'rats with the suspension of dahuang.The blank group were given the distilled water for contrast.After one week during the time Dahuang was stopped.We killed them,measured the carbon powder propulsion rates in the intestine and then took Specimen after the 8 rats were fasted 24 hours as well as the blank group,but water were given.We compared the variation of SP,VIP distribution between two groups.ResultsThe carbon powder propulsion rates in the model group were slower than that in the saline control group.The distribution of SP,VIP are all more than that in the blank group.ConclusionThe distribution of SP,VIP are all more than that in the blank group.
ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the etiopathology of slow transit constipation(STC). Methods The model of rat with cathartic colon was established and the changes of colonic electromyography and reaction to acetylcholine(Ach) were examined. Result The frequency, amplitude of slow wave and colon reaction to Ach of rats with cathartic colon decreased markedly. Conclusion Long term abuse of stimulant laxatives could damage enteric nervous system(ENS) and accelerate the pathological changes of STC.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the action and the mechanisms of nerve growth factor(NGF) and its receptor(p75、TrkA) on the pathological alterations of the enteric nervous syst em in the rats cathartic colon. Methods The experimental animal model of cathartic colon was established by using rhubar b and phenolphthalein. Thirty Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided int o the control group(10 rats) and cathartic colon model groups(10 rats with rhuba r b group; 10 rats with phenolphthalein group). The model group rats were fed with stimulant laxatives rhubarb and phenolphthalein respectively, and the control g roup rats were fed with distilled water. The rats were killed and the colon samp les were taken after 3 months. The expressions of the mRNA of NGF, p75 and TrkA in the colonic tissues were detected by semi-quantitive reverse transcription- polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) technique. Results The expressional levels of NGF mRNA were lower in the rhubarb group and phenolph thalein group than that in control group (P
ABSTRACT
Objective To determine the effect of endomorphin (EM) on colonic electromyography activity and investigate the pathogenesis of slow transit constipation (STC). Methods An experimental rat model of slow transit constipation was constructed by contract laxatives mixed with the feed. The changes of colonic electromyography and reaction to endomorphin 1 and endomorphin 2 were examined. Results Compared with the control group, the frequency and amplitude of slow wave in cathartic colon rats were decreased significantly. Endomorphin 1 and endomorphin 2 significantly decreased the amplitudes of slow wave, but did not change the frequencies of slow wave. The effect of endomorphin 1 was more pronounced than that of endomorphin 2, which could be reversed by the morphine antagonist Naloxone in concentration-dependent manner. Endomorphin could not block the stimulating effect of acetylcholine. Conclusions Endomorphin can influence the colonic electromyography activity and intestine motility of cathartic colon rats, and may be involved in the pathologic mechanism of slow transit constipation.